Skip Navigation
Skip to contents

Epidemiol Health : Epidemiology and Health

OPEN ACCESS
SEARCH
Search
Advanced Search
mobile menu button

Search

Page Path
HOME > Search
33 "Vaccine"
Filter
Filter
Article category
More +
Publication year
More +
Brief Communication
Vaccination coverage according to immunosuppression level among adults with non-rheumatoid arthritis rheumatic diseases: a retrospective observational study in Korea
Choseok Yoon, Kiho Jeong, Wooyoung Jang, Jinnam Kim, Se Yoon Park, Bongyoung Kim
Epidemiol Health. 2026;48:e2026018.   Published online April 23, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2026018
  • 1,773 View
  • 51 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
Patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases are particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases. Accordingly, a broader range of vaccines and, in some cases, additional doses are recommended for these patients compared with the general population. This study investigated the vaccination status of adult patients with non-rheumatoid arthritis rheumatic diseases (NRRDs). This retrospective study was conducted in the rheumatology outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital and included adult patients (aged ≥19 years) with NRRDs who received glucocorticoids and/or disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs from January 2023 to March 2023. Among these patients, we compared vaccination rates between high-level immunosuppression (HLI) and non-HLI groups. HLI was defined as current biologic use or prednisolone equivalent at a dose of ≥20 mg/day for ≥14 days. Of the 4,070 patients with NRRDs, 1,522 (37.4%) were in the HLI group. Overall vaccination rates (complete plus partial vaccination) were significantly lower in the HLI group than in the non-HLI group for influenza (20.2 vs. 31.0%, p<0.001), hepatitis B (59.5 vs. 68.8%, p<0.001), pneumococcal disease (12.9 vs. 26.9%, p<0.001), and herpes zoster (4.3 vs. 10.8%, p<0.001). Overall, vaccination rates were low among patients with NRRDs, with especially low rates in the HLI group. These findings highlight the need for systematic vaccination strategies.
Summary
Korean summary
비류마티스관절염 류마티스 질환(NRRDs)을 가진 대부분의 성인 환자들은 일반 환자들에 비해 감염 위험이 더 높음에도 불구하고 권장되는 성인 예방접종을 완료하지 못한 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 인플루엔자, 폐렴구균, 대상포진 등 주요 백신 예방접종률은 고도 면역억제(high-level immunosuppression, HLI) 군에서 비고도면역억제(non-HLI) 군보다 유의하게 낮았다. 이러한 결과는 비교적 관련 연구가 많이 이루어진 RA 환자군에서뿐만 아니라 NRRDs 가 진단된 국내 면역저하 환자에서 예방의료의 중요한 공백을 보여주며, 이 취약한 집단을 위한 체계적이며 정책이 뒷받침된 예방접종 전략의 필요성을 강조한다.
Key Message
Despite being at high risk for infection, most adult patients with non-rheumatoid arthritis rheumatic diseases (NRRDs) did not complete the recommended adult vaccinations. Vaccination rates, including those for the influenza, pneumococcal, and herpes zoster vaccines, were significantly lower in the high-level immunosuppression (HLI) group than in the non-HLI group. Overall, these findings reveal a critical gap in the preventive care of immunocompromised patients with NRRDs and underscore the need for systematic vaccination strategies in this vulnerable population.
Original Article
Childhood mortality from acute diarrheal disease in Paraguay and vaccination impact: a 31-year ecological study
María Eugenia Galeano, Magaly Martínez, Anibal Francisco Espínola, Eliana Andrea Alvarenga, Margarita Samudio
Epidemiol Health. 2026;48:e2026010.   Published online February 20, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2026010
  • 3,428 View
  • 84 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Acute diarrheal disease (ADD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 worldwide. In Paraguay, the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine in 2010 aimed to reduce the burden of ADD in infants and young children. This study analyzed 31 years of public data on ADD morbidity and mortality in Paraguayan children under 5 and evaluated the impact of rotavirus vaccination.
METHODS
Annual ADD incidence, total deaths, and mortality rates from 1993 to 2023 were obtained from public databases. Proportionate mortality due to ADD, cause-specific mortality rates, absolute risk reduction (ARR) and relative risk reduction (RRR), and joinpoint regression were calculated using EPIDAT 4.2 and Joinpoint 5.3.0 software, with data stratified by age group and vaccination period.
RESULTS
Between 1993 and 2021, pediatric mortality in Paraguay declined steadily across all age groups. Following the introduction of Rotarix in 2010, infant mortality dropped from 2.36 to 0.19 deaths per 1,000 live births (ARR, 0.83; RRR, 81.4%). Joinpoint analysis showed a decline in under-5 mortality between 2009 and 2012 (annual percentage change=−35.2%, p<0.05), followed by stabilization. ADD incidence increased until 2019 and then declined, while vaccine coverage exceeded 70%.
CONCLUSIONS
Paraguay has sustained declines in infant and childhood mortality over 3 decades through improvements in healthcare and immunization, with the 2010 introduction of Rotarix reducing the mortality rate by 43 deaths per 100,000 infants under 12 months. These results underscore the impact of vaccination and health system strengthening, while highlighting the need to monitor emerging threats.
Summary
Key Message
Despite the introduction of rotavirus vaccination in Paraguay, long-term trends in acute diarrheal disease remained understudied. This 31-year analysis reveals a substantial decline in ADD-specific mortality following vaccine implementation, especially in children aged 1-4. However, ADD incidence resurged after 2013, highlighting gaps in disease control beyond vaccination. These findings underscore the vaccine’s impact while exposing the need for integrated surveillance and broader public health strategies to sustain progress and address residual disease burden.
Cohort Profile
Cohort profile: Korean Varicella Immunization Monitoring (K-VIM) Scheme: a national cohort of children born 2011–2022
Young Kyu Shim, Young Hwa Lee, Young June Choe, Yoonsun Yoon, Yun-Kyung Kim
Epidemiol Health. 2026;48:e2026005.   Published online January 22, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2026005
  • 3,105 View
  • 102 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
Varicella, caused by the varicella-zoster virus, was once nearly universal in childhood before the advent of vaccination and may lead to severe complications and even fatalities. Monitoring varicella vaccine effectiveness is crucial yet often overlooked in settings with limited surveillance infrastructure. The Korean Varicella Immunization Monitoring (K-VIM) Scheme was established to address this gap by assembling a national, insurance-based birth cohort of children born between 2011 and 2022 (n=4,505,165). This cohort leverages comprehensive healthcare databases in Korea to capture vaccination records, medical visits, and varicella infection outcomes for virtually all children within the target birth years. We describe the enrollment and key characteristics of the K-VIM cohort, including vaccination coverage, demographic features, and varicella incidence to date. The structure and completeness of Korea’s national health insurance and immunization registries enable robust longitudinal tracking of varicella infections among vaccinated versus unvaccinated children. Early findings demonstrate distinct patterns in infection rates and disease severity according to vaccination status. The K-VIM Scheme provides a foundation for ongoing epidemiological studies of varicella vaccine effectiveness and public health impact in Korea. Future plans include evaluating the long-term effects of varicella vaccination, including potential impacts on herpes zoster incidence, using diverse study designs to strengthen causal inference and inform immunization policy.
Summary
Korean summary
연구 목적 및 설계: K-VIM Scheme은 2011년부터 2022년 사이 출생한 450만 명 이상의 어린이를 대상으로 한 국가 단위 보험 기반 출생 코호트로, 국내 수두 백신의 장기적 효과와 안전성을 모니터링하기 위해 구축되었다. 데이터 통합: 국가 예방접종 등록자료와 건강보험 심사평가원 보험자료를 연계함으로써, 수두 감염 및 예방접종 결과를 추적 관찰 누락 없이 장기적으로 정밀하게 추적할 수 있다. 공중보건 기여: 본 연구 결과는 현재의 1회 접종 국가 예방접종 프로그램(NIP)을 평가하고, 향후 예방접종 정책 수립을 위한 2회 접종 일정의 잠재적 이익에 대한 핵심적인 근거를 제공할 수 있다.
Key Message
Study Purpose and Design: The K-VIM Scheme is a national, insurance-based birth cohort of over 4.5 million children born between 2011 and 2022, established to monitor the long-term effectiveness and safety of varicella vaccination in Korea. Data Integration: By linking the National Immunization Registry with national healthcare claims data, the cohort enables robust longitudinal tracking of varicella infections and vaccination outcomes with minimal loss to follow-up. Public Health Impact: These findings provide a critical evidence base for evaluating the current 1-dose National Immunization Program and the potential benefits of 2-dose schedules to inform future immunization policies.
Original Articles
Epidemiological features of the 2024 pertussis outbreak in Gyeonggi Province, Korea
Yeon Hwa Chang, Kyujin Chang, Yeong Jun Ju
Epidemiol Health. 2025;47:e2025072.   Published online December 13, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2025072
  • 4,658 View
  • 136 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
In 2024, Korea experienced a nationwide pertussis epidemic, with Gyeonggi Province accounting for nearly one-third of reported cases. This study investigated the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak and explored the association between vaccination history and healthcare utilization.
METHODS
We analyzed 14,275 pertussis cases reported in Gyeonggi Province in 2024 using de-identified national surveillance data. Comparisons were performed by age group (<20 vs. ≥20 years) and vaccination status (<20 years). The chi-square and Mann–Whitney <i>U</i> tests were used, and effect sizes were assessed using Cramér’s V.
RESULTS
Of all cases, 89.8% occurred in individuals <20 years, particularly those aged 10-14 years. Children and adolescents were more often involved in clusters and had more identified contacts than adults, whereas adults had higher rates of hospitalization (13.2 vs. 5.9%) and emergency visits (4.4 vs. 0.9%; p<0.001). Among individuals <20 years, hospitalization was more common in the unvaccinated or unknown group (11.7%) than in the fully (5.9%) or partially vaccinated (5.5%) groups (p=0.045).
CONCLUSIONS
The epidemic was concentrated in school-aged populations, particularly adolescents. While vaccination status showed a limited association with healthcare utilization, individuals who were unvaccinated or had an undocumented vaccination history experienced delayed diagnosis and higher care needs. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening adolescent-focused vaccination strategies and preparedness for future pertussis outbreaks.
Summary
Korean summary
2024년 한국의 백일해 유행에 대해 총 인구의 1/4이 거주하는 경기도 유행을 분석한 결과, 학령기 청소년에 집중적으로 발생하였으며 미접종 또는 접종력 불명확일 때 진단 지연 및 더 많은 의료 이용과 연관되었다. 백일해 재유행 예방을 위해서는 청소년에 초점을 맞춘 전략 개선이 필요하다.
Key Message
Analysis of the pertussis epidemic in Gyeonggi Province, home to one quarter of the national population, during the 2024 outbreak in Korea showed that cases were concentrated among school-aged adolescents. Individuals who were unvaccinated or had an undocumented vaccination history experienced delayed diagnosis and higher care needs. Improving adolescent-focused prevention strategies is essential to prevent pertussis re-emergence.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Sudden pertussis outbreaks in Guro-gu, Seoul: epidemiological characteristics and contributing factors in 2024
    Woosuk Han, Heejin Kimm, Yeun Soo Yang, Jun Wook Kwon, Euncheol Son
    Child Health Nursing Research.2026; 32(2): 203.     CrossRef
Risk of new-onset seizures following immunization against COVID-19: a self-controlled case-series study
Hwa Yeon Ko, Dongwon Yoon, Ju Hwan Kim, Han Eol Jeong, Seung Bong Hong, Won-Chul Shin, Ju-Young Shin, on behalf of the CoVaSC Investigators
Epidemiol Health. 2025;47:e2025024.   Published online May 2, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2025024
  • 13,579 View
  • 128 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Despite emerging reports of new-onset seizures (NOS) following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, safety evidence regarding the risk of NOS after vaccination remains limited. We aimed to investigate the potential association between NOS and COVID-19 vaccination.
METHODS
We conducted a self-controlled case series study utilizing a nationwide database linking the COVID-19 vaccination registry and the National Health Information Database (from February 2021 to October 2022). We identified adults (≥18 years) who received COVID-19 vaccination (BNT162b2, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, mRNA-1273, NVX-CoV2373, or Ad26.COV2.S) and had a diagnosis of NOS accompanied by prescriptions of anti-seizure drugs. The observation period was defined as 240 days following vaccination. We evaluated the risk of NOS during a risk window of 28 days after vaccination compared to the control window (the remaining observation period excluding the risk window). Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a conditional Poisson regression model.
RESULTS
Among 42,155,198 COVID-19 vaccine recipients, we identified 1,849 and 4,217 patients with NOS in the risk and control windows, respectively. There was no increased risk of NOS within the 28-day period following vaccination (IRR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.94 to 1.05). Although results from subgroup analyses by vaccine type were largely consistent with the main findings (IRR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.03 for BNT162b2; IRR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.77 to 1.16 for ChAdOx1 nCoV-19; IRR, 1.58; 95% CI, 0.52 to 4.83 for Ad26.COV2.S), a marginally elevated risk was observed for mRNA-1273 (IRR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.42).
CONCLUSIONS
There was no evidence of an increased risk of NOS following COVID-19 vaccination. These findings can be used as safety evidence in clinical decision-making and to bolster public confidence in COVID-19 vaccines.
Summary
Korean summary
· 질병관리청 코로나19백신 접종 등록자료와 국민건강보험공단의 청구 데이터베이스 연계 자료원을 활용하여 코로나19백신 접종과 경련/발작 발생 간의 관련성에 대한 안전성 평가를 수행함. · 자기-대조환자군 연구설계를 적용하여 4,215만 명 이상의 코로나19백신 접종자를 대상으로 분석한 결과, 대부분의 백신 종류에서 접종 후 28일 이내에 경련/발작 발생 위험이 증가하지 않았으며, mRNA-1273 백신에서만 위험이 다소 증가한 것으로 나타남. · 전반적으로, 본 연구는 코로나19백신 접종 후 경련/발작 발생 위험이 증가하지 않음을 보여주었으며, 이는 임상적 의사결정과 백신 안전성에 대한 신뢰를 높이는 근거로 활용될 수 있음.
Key Message
· A nationwide self-controlled case series study investigated whether COVID-19 vaccination increases the risk of new-onset seizures (NOS) in adults by analyzing over 42 million vaccine recipients. · The results showed no increased risk of NOS within 28 days after vaccination for most vaccine types, with the exception of a marginally elevated risk for the mRNA-1273 vaccine. · Overall, the study found no evidence of increased NOS risk following COVID-19 vaccination, supporting the safety of these vaccines for clinical decision-making.
Epidemic characteristics of measles and efforts to control measles infections in Zhejiang Province, China
Rui Yan, Mengya Yang, Hanqing He, Yan Feng, Yang Zhou, Xuewen Tang, Xuan Deng, Yao Zhu, Yuxia Du, Can Chen, Cao Kexin, Shigui Yang, RIDPHE Group
Epidemiol Health. 2024;46:e2024075.   Published online September 11, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2024075
  • 16,372 View
  • 112 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Several countries have successfully eliminated measles, and China is making significant strides toward achieving this goal. This study focused on investigating the patterns of measles infections in Zhejiang Province, China, as well as control measures. The objective was to provide valuable insights that could contribute to the development of nationwide elimination strategies.
METHODS
We analyzed measles surveillance data from 2005 to 2022 in Zhejiang Province. We utilized a joinpoint regression model to examine trends in measles. Additionally, we employed SaTScan version 9.5 to identify spatial-temporal clusters. Finally, we used an age-period-cohort model to assess the effects of age, period, and cohort.
RESULTS
The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of measles infection in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2022 was 5.24 per 100,000, showing a consistent and significant downward trend with an annual percentage change of -24.93% (p<0.05). After 2020, the ASIR for measles infection fell to below 0.1 per 100,000. The majority of measles cases occurred in individuals either without an immunization history or with an unknown immunization status, representing 41.06% and 41.40% of the cases from 2010 to 2022, respectively. According to data from the National Measles Surveillance System, the annual rate of discarded measles cases from 2009 to 2014, and the annual rate of discarded measles and rubella cases from 2015 to 2022, were both above 2 per 100,000, indicating the high sensitivity of the measles surveillance system.
CONCLUSIONS
The significant reduction in measles incidence from 2005 to 2022 demonstrates substantial progress in Zhejiang Province towards the elimination of measles.
Summary
Key Message
Measles incidence in Zhejiang Province has been declining since 2008, with a particularly notable decrease from 2020 to 2022. Adults remain the primary population susceptible to measles in Zhejiang Province. Therefore, it is essential to enhance prevention and control measures for measles, especially among individuals who have not received the MCV immunization. The reduced incidence of measles during the COVID-19 pandemic presents Zhejiang Province with a unique opportunity to leverage the lowest recorded measles incidence in its history and accelerate efforts in measles elimination.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Surveillance and analysis of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine in Zhejiang Province, China, 2020–2025
    Xuejiao Pan, Yaping Chen, Hanqing He, Xiaohua Qi, Lingzhi Shen, Hui Liang
    Frontiers in Public Health.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Application of the age-period-cohort model in tuberculosis
    Dan Luo, Fengying Wang, Songhua Chen, Yu Zhang, Wei Wang, Qian Wu, Yuxiao Ling, Yiqing Zhou, Yang Li, Kui Liu, Bin Chen
    Frontiers in Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
COVID-19 infection and severe clinical outcomes in patients with kidney disease by vaccination status: a nationwide cohort study in Korea
Jieun Woo, Ahhyung Choi, Jaehun Jung, Ju-Young Shin
Epidemiol Health. 2024;46:e2024065.   Published online July 17, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2024065
  • 14,144 View
  • 140 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Patients with kidney disease have been prioritized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination due to their susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. However, little evidence exists regarding these patients’ vulnerability to COVID-19 post-vaccination. Thus, we evaluated the risk of COVID-19 in patients with kidney disease compared to individuals without kidney disease according to vaccination status.
METHODS
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Korean nationwide COVID-19 registry linked with National Health Insurance Service claims data (2018-2021). Among individuals aged 12 years or older, 2 separate cohorts were constructed: a COVID-19-vaccinated cohort and an unvaccinated cohort. Within each cohort, the risk of COVID-19 infection and all-cause mortality, hospitalization, and emergency room visits within 30 days of COVID-19 infection were compared between patients with and without kidney disease. To adjust for potential confounding, we used propensity score matching. Hazard ratios (HRs) for each outcome were estimated using a Cox proportional hazard model.
RESULTS
We identified 785,390 and 836,490 individuals in the vaccinated and unvaccinated cohorts, respectively. Compared to patients without kidney disease, patients with kidney disease were at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection in both the vaccinated cohort (HR, 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 1.16) and the unvaccinated cohort (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.20). Likewise, patients with kidney disease generally were at higher risk for severe clinical outcomes within 30 days of COVID-19 infection. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses showed generally consistent results.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study observed excess risk of COVID-19 in patients with kidney disease, highlighting the importance of ongoing attention to these patients even post-vaccination.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 신장 질환이 없는 사람과 비교하여 신장 질환이 있는 환자의 COVID-19 위험을 백신 접종 여부에 따라 평가하였습니다. 백신 접종 여부와 상관없이 신장 질환이 있는 환자는 신장 질환이 없는 환자에 비해 코로나19 감염 및 코로나19 감염 이후 사망, 입원, 응급실 방문의 위험이 더 높았습니다. 즉, 이러한 연구 결과는 백신 접종 후에도 신장 질환이 있는 환자에 대한 코로나19에 대한 지속적인 주의가 필요함을 시사합니다.
Key Message
This study evaluated the risk of COVID-19 in patients with kidney disease compared to patients without kidney disease according to vaccination status. Compared to patients without kidney disease, patients with kidney disease were at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection and severe clinical outcomes after COVID-19 infection in both the vaccinated cohort and the unvaccinated cohort. These findings highlighted the importance of ongoing attention to these patients even post-vaccination.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Validation of Diagnostic Code Definitions for Identifying Patient in Korean Health Insurance Claims Data: A Scoping Review
    Kyoung-Hoon Kim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
Effect of the human papillomavirus vaccine on the risk of genital warts: a nationwide cohort study of Korean adolescent girls
Jaeyoung Cho, Eun Mi Kim, Jihye Kim, Ju-Young Shin, Eui Hyeok Kim, Jong Heon Park, Seunghyun Lewis Kwon, Geun-Yong Kwon, Soon-Ae Shin, Jaiyong Kim
Epidemiol Health. 2024;46:e2024040.   Published online March 18, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2024040
  • 21,661 View
  • 184 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination administered to adolescent girls through Korea’s National Immunization Program.
METHODS
This retrospective cohort study included patients who were 12-13 years old, whether vaccinated or unvaccinated, between July 2016 and December 2017. The incidence of genital warts (GWs) was monitored through 2021. Time-stratified hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated, adjusting for birth year, socioeconomic status, and the level of urbanization of the region, and were presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Data were sourced from the Immunization Registry Integration System, linked with the National Health Information Database.
RESULTS
The study included 332,062 adolescent girls, with an average follow-up period of approximately 4.6 years. Except for the first year, the HRs for the vaccinated group were lower than those for the unvaccinated group. The HRs for specific cut-off years were as follows: year 2, 0.62 (95% CI, 0.31 to 1.13); year 3, 0.58 (95% CI, 0.35 to 0.96); and year 4 and beyond, 0.39 (95% CI, 0.28 to 0.52).
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings indicate that HPV vaccination was associated with a reduction in the risk of GWs among adolescent girls. Notably, this reduction became significant as the incidence of GWs increased with age.
Summary
Korean summary
이 연구는 후향적 코호트 연구로써, HPV 예방접종이 한국의 여자 청소년에서 생식기사마귀 질환의 위험을 감소시키는 것과 연관성이 있다는 것을 보여주었다. 따라서 단기적으로 한국의 국가예방접종 사업은 생식기사마귀 질환에 있어 효과가 있었다고 볼 수 있다. 향후에는 전암성 병변 또는 암 등과 같은 심각한 질환에 대한 백신의 영향을 확인할 필요가 있다.
Key Message
In this retrospective cohort study, our results demonstrated that HPV vaccination is associated with a reduction in the risk of GWs among adolescent girls. In the short term, the NIP of Korea can be considered effective in providing protection against GWs. Future studies need to analyze the impact of vaccines on more serious diseases such as precancerous lesions or cancer.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Global status of HPV vaccination two decades in: effective, safe and preventing cancer
    Julia M. L. Brotherton, D. Scott LaMontagne, Paul J. N. Bloem
    Expert Review of Vaccines.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Human papillomavirus vaccine for the prevention and treatment of warts: A clinical review
    Michael M. Ong, Rachel C. Blasiak, Elmar A. Joura, Marie I. Joura, Anthony Rossi
    JAAD Reviews.2025; 6: 12.     CrossRef
  • Effects of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programmes on community rates of HPV-related disease and harms from vaccination
    Nicholas Henschke, Hanna Bergman, Brian S Buckley, Emma J Crosbie, Kerry Dwan, Su P Golder, Maria Kyrgiou, Yoon Kong Loke, Heather M McIntosh, Katrin Probyn, Gemma Villanueva, Jo Morrison
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination on HPV infection and recurrence of HPV related disease after local surgical treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Qinxue Cao, Yantao Hou, Chaoyang Wang, Juntao Yin, Mehmet Demirci
    PLOS ONE.2024; 19(12): e0312128.     CrossRef
Risk of lymphadenopathy from SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in Korea: a self-controlled case series analysis
Mi-Sook Kim, Bongyoung Kim, Jeong Pil Choi, Nam-Kyong Choi, Jung Yeon Heo, Jun Yong Choi, Joongyub Lee, Sang Il Kim
Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023090.   Published online October 13, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023090
  • 17,661 View
  • 188 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To assess the risk of lymphadenopathy following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination.
METHODS
A self-controlled case series design was used to determine whether the risk of lymphadenopathy was higher in the 1-day to 42-day risk interval after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination compared to the control period. In addition, subgroup analyses were conducted according to baseline characteristics, time since vaccination, and sensitivity analyses adjusted for the length of the risk interval.
RESULTS
The risk of developing lymphadenopathy in the risk interval (1-42 days) after COVID-19 vaccination compared to the control period was significantly increased, with a relative incidence (RI) of 1.17 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17 to 1.18) when the first, second, and third doses were combined. The RI was greater on the day of vaccination (1.47; 95% CI, 1.44 to 1.50). In subgroup analyses by baseline characteristics, a significantly increased risk or trend toward increased risk was observed in most subgroups except for those aged 70 years and older, with a significant increase in risk in younger individuals, those with a Charlson’s comorbidity index <5, and those who received mRNA vaccines (mRNA-1273>BNT162b2). Within the 1-day to 42-day post-dose risk period, the relative risk was highest during the 1-day to 7-day post-dose period (1.59; 95% CI, 1.57 to 1.60) compared to the control period, and then the risk declined. In the sensitivity analysis, we found that the longer the risk window, the smaller the RI.
CONCLUSIONS
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is associated with a statistically significant increase in the risk of lymphadenopathy, and this risk was observed only with mRNA vaccines.
Summary
Korean summary
질병관리청의 코로나19 예방접종자료와 국민건강보험공단 자료를 이용하여 수행한 본 자기대조환자군 연구에서 코로나19 백신접종은 42일 내 림프절병증 발생위험을 1.17배 (95% 신뢰구간, 1.17-1.18) 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 위험의 증가는 mRNA 백신에 국한하여 관찰되었으며 연령이 낮을수록, 여성일수록 상대위험도가 높은 것으로 나타났다.
Key Message
This self-controlled case series study, using the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency COVID-19 vaccination database and the National Health Insurance Service database, showed an increased risk of developing lymphadenopathy following vaccination (RR 1.17; 95% CI, 1.17 to 1.18). The elevated risk of lymphadenopathy is specifically associated with mRNA platform vaccines, not viral vector vaccines, and is more pronounced in younger individuals and females.
Effective vaccination strategies to control COVID-19 in Korea: a modeling study
Youngsuk Ko, Kyong Ran Peck, Yae-Jean Kim, Dong-Hyun Kim, Eunok Jung
Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023084.   Published online September 7, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023084
  • 21,941 View
  • 161 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
In Korea, as immunity levels of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the population acquired through previous infections and vaccinations have decreased, booster vaccinations have emerged as a necessary measure to control new outbreaks. The objective of this study was to identify the most suitable vaccination strategy for controlling the surge in COVID-19 cases.
METHODS
A mathematical model was developed to concurrently evaluate the immunity levels induced by vaccines and infections. This model was then employed to investigate the potential for future resurgence and the possibility of control through the use of vaccines and antivirals.
RESULTS
As of May 11, 2023, if the current epidemic trend persists without further vaccination efforts, a peak in resurgence is anticipated to occur around mid-October of the same year. Under the most favorable circumstances, the peak number of severely hospitalized patients could be reduced by 43% (n=480) compared to the scenario without vaccine intervention (n=849). Depending on outbreak trends and vaccination strategies, the best timing for vaccination in terms of minimizing this peak varies from May 2023 to August 2023.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that if the epidemic persist, the best timing for administering vaccinations would need to be earlier than currently outlined in the Korean plan. It is imperative to continue monitoring outbreak trends, as this is key to determining the best vaccination timing in order to manage potential future surges.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 자연감염 혹은 백신으로 획득된 면역의 저하를 고려한 수리모델을 사용하여 COVID-19에 대한 백신 접종 전략 분석 결과를 보인다. 시뮬레이션 결과는 추가 백신 접종이 없을 경우 재유행의 정점이 800명을 넘을 것임을 나타내며, 적절한 시기에 백신을 접종하면 최대 재원 위중증환자수를 약 40%까지 줄일 수 있음을 보인다. 본 연구는 확진자 추세의 지속적인 모니터링이 백신 접종의 적정 시기를 결정하고 미래 COVID-19의 재유행을 효과적으로 관리하는 데 필요하다는 점을 강조한다.
Key Message
Our study analyzes strategies for COVID-19 through vaccination, using a mathematical model considering waning immunity from past infections and vaccinations. Results indicate that a resurgence peak would reach more than 800 without further vaccination, and suggest vaccination in proper timing can reduce the peak size of administered severe patients by up to approximately 40%. The study emphasizes the importance of ongoing monitoring of outbreak trends to manage vaccination timing and future COVID-19 surges effectively.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Modeling vaccination prioritization strategies for post-pandemic COVID-19 in the Republic of Korea accounting for under-reporting and age-structure
    Geunsoo Jang, Jihyeon Kim, Robin N. Thompson, Hyojung Lee
    Journal of Infection and Public Health.2025; 18(4): 102688.     CrossRef
  • Effects of individual variation and seasonal vaccination on disease risks
    William S. Hart, Jina Amin, Hyeongki Park, Kosaku Kitagawa, Yong Dam Jeong, Alexander R. Kaye, Shingo Iwami, Robin N. Thompson
    Nature Communications.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Global stability analysis of an extended SUC epidemic mathematical model
    Mengxin Chen, Soobin Kwak, Seokjun Ham, Youngjin Hwang, Junseok Kim
    Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A.2024; 79(11): 1033.     CrossRef
Barriers to COVID-19 vaccine surveillance: the issue of under-reporting adverse events
Yunha Noh, Hwa Yeon Ko, Ju Hwan Kim, Dongwon Yoon, Young June Choe, Seung-Ah Choe, Jaehun Jung, Ju-Young Shin
Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023054.   Published online June 7, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023054
  • 24,294 View
  • 170 Download
  • 10 Web of Science
  • 11 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study investigated the reporting rates of adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) to the spontaneous reporting system (SRS) and its predictors among individuals with AEFIs after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination.
METHODS
A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted from December 2, 2021 to December 20, 2021, recruiting participants >14 days after completion of a primary COVID-19 vaccination series. Reporting rates were calculated by dividing the number of participants who reported AEFIs to the SRS by the total number of participants who experienced AEFIs. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) using multivariate logistic regression to determine factors associated with spontaneous AEFIs reporting.
RESULTS
Among 2,993 participants, 90.9% and 88.7% experienced AEFIs after the first and second vaccine doses, respectively (reporting rates, 11.6 and 12.7%). Furthermore, 3.3% and 4.2% suffered moderate to severe AEFIs, respectively (reporting rates, 50.5 and 50.0%). Spontaneous reporting was more prevalent in female (aOR, 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31 to 1.81); those with moderate to severe AEFIs (aOR, 5.47; 95% CI, 4.45 to 6.73), comorbidities (aOR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.57), a history of severe allergic reactions (aOR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.47 to 2.77); and those who had received mRNA-1273 (aOR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.49) or ChAdOx1 (aOR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.15 to 2.30) vaccines versus BNT162b2. Reporting was less likely in older individuals (aOR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.98 to 0.99 per 1-year age increment).
CONCLUSIONS
Spontaneous reporting of AEFIs after COVID-19 vaccination was associated with younger age, female sex, moderate to severe AEFIs, comorbidities, history of allergic reactions, and vaccine type. AEFIs under-reporting should be considered when delivering information to the community and in public health decision-making.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 국내 19-49세 성인을 대상으로, 코로나19 예방 백신 접종 후 이상반응 경험에 대한 자발적 보고율을 조사하고, 자발적 보고와 관련된 요인을 파악하고자 하였다. 2021년 12월 2일부터 20일까지 온라인 설문조사를 통하여 자료를 수집하였으며, 연구대상자는 코로나19 예방 백신의 기초접종을 완료한 후 2주 경과한 19-49세 성인으로, 전국 대표성을 확보하기 위해 성별, 연령, 지역별로 층화하여 모집하였다. 이상반응 자발적 보고율은 1차 접종과 2차 접종 후 각각 약 11.6%, 12.7%로 나타났으며, 중등도에서 중증의 이상반응에 대한 자발적 보고율은 약 50.5%, 50.0%로 나타났다. 이상반응 자발적 보고율 관련 영향요인으로는 젊은 연령층, 여성, 이상반응의 중증도, 동반질환, 알러지 반응 이력, 기초접종 백신 종류가 포함되었다.
Key Message
Spontaneous reporting rates of adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were low, at around 12 % of any AEFIs and 50 % of moderate-to-severe AEFIs. Younger age, female sex, severe AEFIs, comorbidities, history of allergic reactions, and the type of COVID-19 vaccine were associated with the AEFIs reporting.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Post-marketing Safety Surveillance of 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine Administered Alone and Concomitantly with Influenza Vaccine in Individuals Aged 2 Years and Older in China
    Yun-feng Shi, Lin-hang Ju, Kang-ning Wang, Yu Pan, Yu-ying Zou, Xi Lu, Ling Tuo, Wen-tao Zou, Ming-wei Wei, Yan-wei Zhao, Hong-xing Pan
    Infectious Diseases and Therapy.2026; 15(4): 1035.     CrossRef
  • Incidence of Guillain–Barré Syndrome Following COVID-19 Vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Population-Based Cohort Study Using the Valencia Health System Integrated Database (Spain)
    Elisa Correcher-Martínez, Sergio Pascual Viciedo-Mata, Arantxa Urchueguía-Fornes, Juan José Carreras
    Pharmaceuticals.2026; 19(3): 477.     CrossRef
  • Safety monitoring of the RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccine: experiences and lessons from routine pharmacovigilance in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi
    Adela Ashie, Martha Mandale, Anderson Ndalama, Delese Darko, Seth Seaneke, Eric K. Boateng, George Sabblah, Abena Asamoa-Amoakohene, Kwame Amponsa-Achiano, Naziru T. Mohammed, Rose Jalang’o, Edwin Nkansah, Yvonne Adu-Boahen, Fred Siyoi, Anthony Toroitich,
    Malaria Journal.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • General practitioners' perspectives on symptoms following COVID-19 vaccination – Findings from a survey in German practice-based research networks
    Susanne Döpfmer, Christian Kretzschmann, Karola Mergenthal, Michael Pentzek, Andreas Polanc, Karen Voigt
    Vaccine: X.2026; 30: 100817.     CrossRef
  • Enhanced safety surveillance of the adjuvanted respiratory syncytial virus vaccine among Italian older adults
    Alexander Domnich, Andrea Orsi, Piero Luigi Lai, Elvira Massaro, Carlo-Simone Trombetta, Julieta Pastorino, Charlott Roihl, Sara Tardito, Marianna Pianta, Giancarlo Icardi, Donatella Panatto
    Vaccine: X.2025; 24: 100647.     CrossRef
  • Serious adverse drug reactions associated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and their reporting trends in the EudraVigilance database
    Wojciech Nazar, Jan Romantowski, Grzegorz Nazar, Marek Niedoszytko, Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus, Ludmiła Daniłowicz-Szymanowicz
    Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Attempts to Infer Observation Bias from Chart Entry Behavior
    Kotonari AOKI, Yosuke NISHIDA, Suguru NOZUE
    Japanese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology/Yakuzai ekigaku.2025; 30(2): 25.     CrossRef
  • Underreporting of Adverse Events Following COVID-19 Vaccination Among Healthcare Professionals in Poland: Potential Implications for Vaccine Hesitancy
    Jakub Grabowski, Anna Niebrzydowska, Aleksandra Brzozowska, Przemysław Waszak, Paweł Zagożdżon, Shan Ali, Tomasz Brancewicz, Monika Wolff, Aleksandra Macul-Sanewska, Leszek Bidzan
    Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2025; 10(11): 320.     CrossRef
  • Long-term trends in reporting of cardiac adverse drug reactions to COVID-19 vaccines - an exploratory analysis of the EudraVigilance database
    Wojciech Nazar, Jan Romantowski, Grzegorz Nazar, Marek Niedoszytko, Ludmiła Daniłowicz-Szymanowicz
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of covid vaccination on menstruation and attitude to the vaccine among Indian women – Results of a prospective survey
    Anbukkani Subbian, Jeevithan Shanmugam, Uma Ram
    Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research.2024; 11(1): 70.     CrossRef
  • Cardiac adverse drug reactions to COVID-19 vaccines. A cross-sectional study based on the Europe-wide data
    Wojciech Nazar, Jan Romantowski, Marek Niedoszytko, Ludmiła Daniłowicz-Szymanowicz
    European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy.2024; 10(7): 599.     CrossRef
COVID-19: Brief Communication
Self-reported adverse events after 2 doses of COVID-19 vaccine in Korea
Yunhyung Kwon, Insob Hwang, Mijeong Ko, Hyungjun Kim, Seontae Kim, Soon-Young Seo, Enhi Cho, Yeon-Kyeng Lee
Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023006.   Published online December 26, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023006
  • 23,014 View
  • 181 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
In Korea, a national coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination program was implemented, including 4 vaccines against COVID-19. A text messaging-based survey, in addition to a passive adverse event reporting system, was launched to quickly report unusual symptoms post-vaccination. This study compared the frequency of adverse events after COVID-19 vaccination based on the vaccine type and the type of 2-dose regimen (homologous or heterologous).
METHODS
Self-reported adverse events were collected through a text-message survey for 7 days after each vaccination. This study included 50,950 vaccine recipients who responded to the survey at least once. Informed consent to receive surveys via text was obtained from the vaccine recipients on the date of first vaccination.
RESULTS
The recipients of mRNA vaccines reported local and systemic reactions 1.6 times to 2.8 times more frequently after dose 2 than after dose 1 (p<0.001), whereas ChAdOx1-S recipients reported significantly fewer local and systemic reactions after dose 2 than after dose 1 (p<0.001). Local and systemic reactions were approximately 2 times and 4 times more frequent for heterologous vaccination than for BNT162b2/BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1-S/ChAdOx1-S regimens, respectively. Young individuals, female, and those receiving heterologous vaccine regimens including ChAdOx1-S/BNT162b2 vaccines reported more adverse events than older participants, male, and those with homologous vaccine regimens.
CONCLUSIONS
Although a heterologous regimen, youth, and female sex were associated with a higher risk of adverse reactions after COVID-19 vaccination, no critical issues were noted. Active consideration of heterologous schedules based on the evidence of efficacy and safety appears desirable.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 코로나19 백신 접종 후 7일 동안 문자 설문조사를 통해 50,950명이 자가 보고한 이상반응자료를 분석하였다. mRNA 백신 접종자는1회 접종 후보다 2회 접종 후 국소 이상반응 및 전신이상반응을 1.6~2.8배 더 자주 보고한 반면, ChAdOx1-S 백신 접종자는1회 접종 후 보다 2회 접종 후 이상반응을 더 적게 보고하였다. 동종 백신접종 보다 교차 접종의 경우 2-4배 더 많은 이상반응을 보고 하였다. COVID-19 백신 접종 후 교차접종, 젊은 연령, 여성의 경우 좀 더 많은 이상반응을 보고하였지만,중대한 문제는 보고되지 않았다.
Key Message
Self-reported adverse events were collected through a text-message survey from 50,950 recipients for 7 days after COVID-19 vaccination. The mRNA vaccine recipients reported local and systemic reactions 1.6 to 2.8 times more frequently after dose 2 than after dose 1, whereas ChAdOx1-S recipients reported significantly fewer local and systemic reactions after dose 2 than after dose 1. Local and systemic reactions were approximately 2 to 4 times more frequent for heterologous vaccination than for homologous regimens. Although a heterologous regimen, youth, and female were associated with a higher risk of adverse reac¬tions after COVID-19 vaccination, no critical issues were noted.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Retinal Vascular Occlusions After COVID-19 Vaccination in South Korea: A Nation-Wide Population-Based Study
    Yeji Kim, Kyungdo Han, Jae Hui Kim
    Ophthalmic Epidemiology.2025; 32(4): 403.     CrossRef
  • Safety of a second homologous Ad26.COV2.S vaccine among healthcare workers in the phase 3b implementation Sisonke study in South Africa
    Azwidihwi Takalani, Michelle Robinson, Phumeza Jonas, Annie Bodenstein, Vuyelo Sambo, Barry Jacobson, Vernon Louw, Jessica Opie, Jonny Peter, Pradeep Rowji, Ishen Seocharan, Tarylee Reddy, Nonhlanhla Yende-Zuma, Kentse Khutho, Ian Sanne, Linda-Gail Bekker
    Vaccine.2024; 42(6): 1195.     CrossRef
  • Comparative safety of monovalent and bivalent mRNA COVID-19 booster vaccines in adolescents aged 12 to 17 years in the Republic of Korea
    Mijeong Ko, Seontae Kim, Seok-Kyoung Choi, Seung Hwan Shin, Yeon-Kyeng Lee, Yunhyung Kwon
    Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2024; 15(4): 364.     CrossRef
  • A Nationwide Survey of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccinee’s Experiences on Adverse Events and Its Associated Factors
    Dongwon Yoon, Ha-Lim Jeon, Yunha Noh, Young June Choe, Seung-Ah Choe, Jaehun Jung, Ju-Young Shin
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
COVID-19: Original Article
Parental concerns about COVID-19 vaccine safety and hesitancy in Korea: implications for vaccine communication
Hye-Kyung Cho, Hyunju Lee, Young June Choe, Shinkyeong Kim, Sujin Seo, Jiwon Moon, Eun Hwa Choi, Geun-Yong Kwon, Jee Yeon Shin, Sang-Yoon Choi, Mi Jin Jeong, Myoungsoon You
Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023004.   Published online December 13, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023004
  • 22,667 View
  • 179 Download
  • 10 Web of Science
  • 11 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Vaccination is one of the most important strategies to contain the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vaccination in children is dependent on their parents, making it important to understand parents’ awareness and attitudes toward vaccines in order to devise strategies to raise vaccination rates in children.
METHODS
A web-based nationwide survey was conducted among Korean parents of 7-year-old to 18-year-old children in August 2021 to estimate parents’ intention to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 and identify key factors affecting parental acceptance and hesitancy through regression analysis.
RESULTS
Approximately 56.4% (575/1,019) were willing to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. Contributing factors to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy were being a mother (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.25 to 0.52), a lower education level (aOR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.70 to 0.97), hesitancy to other childhood vaccines (aOR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.96), and refusal to vaccinate themselves (aOR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.20). Having older children (aOR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.28), trusting the child’s doctor (aOR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.32), positive perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine’s effectiveness (aOR, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.90 to 3.57) and perceiving the COVID-19 vaccine as low-risk (aOR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.27 to 2.24) were associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Concerns about adverse reactions were the most common cause of hesitancy.
CONCLUSIONS
Providing parents with accurate and reliable information on vaccine effectiveness and safety is important to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake in children. Differential or targeted approaches to parents according to gender, age, and their children’s age are necessary for effective communication about vaccination in children.
Summary
Korean summary
부모에게 백신 효과와 안전성에 대한 정확하고 믿을만한 정보를 제공하는 것이 소아 코로나19 백신 접종률을 높이는데 중요하다. 자녀의 백신 접종에 대한 의사소통을 효율적으로 하기 위해서는 부모의 성별과 연령, 자녀의 연령을 고려한 차별적인 접근 방법이 필요하다.
Key Message
To improve COVID-19 vaccine uptake in children, it's crucial to provide parents with reliable and precise information about vaccine safety and effectiveness. Targeted communication strategies that consider factors such as the age of the parents and their children, as well as gender, may be necessary to effectively convey this information.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Burden of COVID-19 in Korean Children: A Retrospective Observational Study Using Real-world Data
    Young Hwa Lee, Eunseon Gwak, Young June Choe
    Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Vaccine Hesitancy and Its Epistemic Antecedents: A Meta-Analysis
    Emily A. Andrews, Nathan Walter, Yotam Ophir, Dror Walter, Christiana L. Robbins
    Health Communication.2025; 40(10): 1934.     CrossRef
  • Seroprevalence Trends of Antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2 in South Korea, 2021–2022: A Repeated Cross‐Sectional Study
    Ah‐Ra Kim, Chiara Achangwa, Hyeon Nam Do, Eun Young Jang, Yukyung Nam, Seonghui Cho, Taegu Kim, Hye‐Sook Jeong, Gi‐eun Rhie, Kyungwon Oh, Seunghyun Lewis Kwon, Seunghyeon Lee, Junewoo Lee, Sukhyun Ryu
    Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Vaccination in the shadow of uncertainty: Exploring the links between government trust and COVID-19 vaccine acceptance
    Seunghyun Lewis Kwon, S. Wilton Choi
    Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Safety of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in children with chronic kidney disease: a national population study from South Korea
    Young June Choe, Yo-Han Ahn, Eunsun Gwak, Eunseo Jo, Jinseob Kim, Seung-Ah Choe
    Pediatric Nephrology.2024; 39(2): 625.     CrossRef
  • Assessing the determinants of influenza and COVID-19 vaccine co-administration decisions in the elderly
    Seunghyun Lewis Kwon, So-Yeon Kim, Minju Song, Hyung-Min Lee, Seon-Hwa Ban, Mi-Soon Lee, Hyesun Jeong
    Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Descriptive cross-sectional study to evaluate perception, attitude, and practice of parents regarding COVID-19 vaccination in children 10–12 years of age—A step toward prevention of future COVID-19 outbreaks in India
    Vivek Mehta, Deep Inder, Pawan Kumar, Anupma Raheja
    Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.2024; 13(5): 2104.     CrossRef
  • Comparative safety of monovalent and bivalent mRNA COVID-19 booster vaccines in adolescents aged 12 to 17 years in the Republic of Korea
    Mijeong Ko, Seontae Kim, Seok-Kyoung Choi, Seung Hwan Shin, Yeon-Kyeng Lee, Yunhyung Kwon
    Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2024; 15(4): 364.     CrossRef
  • Pediatric asthma and COVID-19 vaccination: unveiling patterns of hesitancy and acceptance
    Marzieh Tavakol, Saber Gharagozlou, Mohammad Abbasi, Zahra Zamani, Mohammad Gharagozlou
    Therapeutic Advances in Vaccines and Immunotherapy.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Willingness and hesitancy of parents to vaccinate against COVID-19 their children ages 6 months to 4 years with frail conditions in Italy
    Grazia Miraglia del Giudice, Giorgia Della Polla, Mario Postiglione, Italo Francesco Angelillo
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Associations between Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Maternal Attitudes towards Childhood Vaccination in Cyprus—A Cross-Sectional Survey
    Maria Kyprianidou, Georgia Fakonti, Eleana Tzira, Magdalini Pylli, Konstantinos Giannakou
    COVID.2023; 3(7): 1042.     CrossRef
COVID-19: Original Article
Physical and mental health characteristics related to trust in and intention to receive COVID-19 vaccination: results from a Korean community-based longitudinal study
Ye Jin Jeon, Youngrong Lee, Ji Su Yang, Young Su Park, Sun Jae Jung
Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022064.   Published online August 3, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022064
  • 16,655 View
  • 150 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to explore factors affecting attitudes toward coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, including socio-demographic characteristics and mental health status during the pandemic.
METHODS
This study analyzed responses from 1,768 participants who were originally included in a community cohort study and responded to 3 online surveys related to COVID-19 (March 2020 to March 2021). The k-means method was used to cluster trust in and intention to receive COVID-19 vaccination. Baseline (2013-2018) socio-demographic characteristics, physical health status, and depressive symptoms were analyzed as exposure variables, and current mental health status was included in the analyses.
RESULTS
Almost half of all participants were classified into the moderate trust and high intention cluster (n=838, 47.4%); those with high trust and high intention accounted only for 16.9%. They tended to be older, had high-income levels, and engaged in regular physical activity at baseline (p<0.05), and their sleep quality and psychological resilience were relatively high compared to other groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that more efforts are required to enhance the perceived need for and trust in COVID-19 vaccination.
Summary
Korean summary
•본 연구는 코로나19 관련 온라인, 모바일 설문조사에 응답한 1,768명을 대상으로 코로나19 유행 동안의 정신건강 상태와 백신 접종에 대한 태도 (백신에 대한 믿음, 백신에 대한 접종 의사) 사이의 관련성을 파악하고자 하였다. •연구결과 우울, 불안, 외로움, 회복탄력성 등과 같은 정신건강 상태가 나쁜 사람은 백신에 대한 접종 의사가 높을 오즈가 그렇지 않은 사람에 비해 높았으며, 이는 통계적으로 유의하였다.
Key Message
In this community-based study including 1,768 participants who responded online survey related to COVID-19, we investigate the relationship between mental health during the pandemic and attitude toward COVID-19 vaccine (trust and intention). Each of the mental symptoms, including depression, anxiety, and loneliness, was significantly associated with higher intention to COVID-19 vaccine. Our results suggest that more efforts are required to enhance the perceived need for and trust in COVID-19 vaccination.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Changing dynamics of tuberculosis incidence in Northwest Iran (East Azerbaijan): 15-Year joinpoint time trend analysis
    Lotfali Haghiri, Fatemeh Rostampour, Mohammad Heidari
    BMC Pulmonary Medicine.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cohort profile: Cardiovascular Metabolic Etiological Research Center COVID-19 Mental Health Survey (CC-MHS)
    Sun Jae Jung, Dongkyu Lee, Ji Su Yang, Sunghyuk Kang, Hyejin Kim, Jeong Hyun Ahn, Yunseong Heo, Jieun Noh, Changhyun Kim, Hyeon Chang Kim
    Epidemiology and Health.2025; 47: e2025033.     CrossRef
COVID-19: Original Article
Predictors of COVID-19 booster vaccine hesitancy among fully vaccinated adults in Korea: a nationwide cross-sectional survey
Yunha Noh, Ju Hwan Kim, Dongwon Yoon, Young June Choe, Seung-Ah Choe, Jaehun Jung, Sang-Won Lee, Ju-Young Shin
Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022061.   Published online July 22, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022061
  • 25,253 View
  • 387 Download
  • 21 Web of Science
  • 20 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study explored predictors of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) booster hesitancy among fully vaccinated young adults and parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy for their children.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study administered an online survey from December 2 to December 20, 2021. We enrolled participants aged 18-49 years, for whom ≥2 weeks had passed after their initial COVID-19 vaccination. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using multivariate logistic regression to evaluate factors associated with booster/vaccine hesitancy.
RESULTS
Among the 2,993 participants, 48.8% showed hesitancy (wait and see: 40.2%; definitely not: 8.7%). Booster hesitancy was more common among women (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.50), younger people (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.17 to 1.77), those with a lower education level (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.10 to 3.82), those who received the mRNA-1273 vaccine type (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.65 to 2.45), and those who experienced serious adverse events following previous COVID-19 vaccination (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.47 to 2.80). The main reasons for booster hesitancy were concerns about safety (54.1%) and doubts about efficacy (29.8%). Among the 1,020 respondents with children aged <18 years, 65.8% were hesitant to vaccinate their children against COVID-19; hesitancy was associated with younger parental age, education level, the type of vaccine the parent received, and a history of COVID-19 infection.
CONCLUSIONS
Concerns about the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines were the major barrier to booster acceptance. The initial COVID-19 vaccine type (mRNA-1273), young age, gender (women), a low education level, and adverse events after the first COVID-19 vaccine were key predictors of booster hesitancy.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 국내 19-49세 성인을 대상으로, 코로나19 3차접종 의향과 그들의 18세 미만 자녀에 대한 코로나19 기초접종 의향을 조사하고, 코로나19 백신접종 기피와 관련된 요인을 파악하고자 하였다. 2021년 12월 2일부터 20일까지 온라인 설문조사를 통하여 자료를 수집하였으며, 연구대상자는 코로나19 기초접종을 완료한 후 2주 경과한 19-49세 성인으로, 전국 대표성을 확보하기 위해 성별, 연령, 지역별로 층화하여 모집하였다. 코로나19 3차접종 기피율은 약 48.8%로 나타났으며, 접종 기피 관련 영향요인으로는 젊은 연령층, 여성, 낮은 교육수준, 기초접종 백신 종류, 기초접종 후 중증 이상반응 경험이 포함되었으며, 18세 미만 자녀에 대한 코로나19 기초접종 기피율은 65.8%로, 관련 영향요인으로는 젊은 부모 연령, 교육수준, 부모의 기초접종 백신 종류, 코로나19 감염 과거력이 포함되었다.
Key Message
Concerns about the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines were the major barrier to booster acceptance; the initial COVID-19 vaccine type (mRNA-1273), younger age, gender (women), a low education level, and adverse events after the first COVID-19 vaccine were key predictors of booster hesitancy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Correlates of COVID-19 Vaccine Regret in the United States
    Mert Can Bayar, Hannah Artman, Adam Enders, Ihsan Kahveci, Casey Klofstad, Péter Krekó, Justin Stoler, Michael Touchton, Joseph Uscinski
    Journal of General Internal Medicine.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Factors Influencing COVID-19 Booster Vaccine Attitudes Among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Ahmad Firdhaus Arham, Mustapa Muhammad Adzran Che Mustapa, Ahmad Nazrul Hakimi Ibrahim, Wan Zulkifli Wan Hassan, Latifah Amin, Nazri Muslim, Mashitoh Yaacob, Zurina Mahadi, Rahman Puteh Noraihan A., Lim Kar Keng, Muhammad Firdaus Aziz, Jamsari Alias, Nasr
    F1000Research.2026; 15: 893.     CrossRef
  • Delay discounting predicts COVID-19 vaccine booster willingness
    Julia G. Halilova, Samuel Fynes‑Clinton, Caitlin M. Terao, Donna Rose Addis, R. Shayna Rosenbaum
    Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Hesitancy towards COVID-19 booster vaccine among healthcare workers in Bangladesh
    Homayra Rahman Shoshi, Ahamed Khairul Basher, Ashrak Shad Pyash, Md. Kamal Hossain, Fahmida Chowdhury, Md Zakiul Hassan
    BMC Health Services Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards Booster Vaccination for COVID-19
    Dewi Susanna, Laura Rozek, Herdianti, Annisa Melianriza, Rafi Aflah Fadlirahman
    Sage Open.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Factors influencing Thai university students’ decisions to take COVID-19 vaccine booster doses: a cross-sectional survey
    Weerakorn Thichumpa, Naphat Yimthin, Anawat Ratchatorn, Satoko Izumi, Wirichada Pan-ngum
    Tropical Medicine and Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Short-term side effects of BNT162b2 vaccine in primary care settings in Qatar: a retrospective study
    Sami Abdeen, Muna Abed Alah, Manal Al-Zaidan, Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim, Jazeel Abdulmajeed, Asma Ali Al-Nuaimi, Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari
    Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Factors associated with intention to be vaccinated with the COVID-19 booster dose: a cross-sectional study in Peru
    Rodrigo Camacho-Neciosup, Ericka N. Balcazar-Huaman, Margarita L. Alvarez-Vilchez, Janith P. De la Cruz-Galán, Yubely Gálvez-Guadalupe, Edwin D. Garcia-Muñoz, Greysi Cerron-Daga, Virgilio E. Failoc-Rojas, Mario J. Valladares-Garrido
    PeerJ.2024; 12: e16727.     CrossRef
  • Impact of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection on college students’ hesitancy to receive additional COVID-19 vaccine booster doses: A study from Taizhou, China
    Jing-Shan Deng, Chun-Lian Huang, Qiong-Ying Hu, Lei Shi, Xiao-Ying Chen, Xu Luo, Tao-Hsin Tung, Jian-Sheng Zhu
    Preventive Medicine Reports.2024; 41: 102709.     CrossRef
  • Adverse events of COVID-19 vaccination during 2021–2022 suppressed by breakfast consumption and favorable sleeping habit among Japanese university students
    Nobuyuki Tetsuka, Keiko Suzuki, Kodai Suzuki, Takuma Ishihara, Takao Miwa, Satoko Tajirika, Miho Adachi, Ryo Horita, Taku Fukao, Mayumi Yamamoto
    Vaccine: X.2024; 19: 100516.     CrossRef
  • Understanding the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Venezuela
    Fabián R. Chacón-Labrador, María G. Passantino, Augusto Moncada-Ortega, Atahualpa A. Ávila, Andrea A. Moreno, Nicolle A. Kuffaty-Akkou, Luisana M. Pedroza, Natasha A. Camejo-Ávila, Daniela L. Mendoza-Millán, Carlis M. Rodriguez-Saavedra, María V. Marcano-
    BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The potential role of perceived neighborhood social cohesion on COVID-19 vaccination uptake among individuals aged 50 and older: Results from the Korean Community Health Survey
    Younhee Kim, Min Kyung Lim, Harapan Harapan
    PLOS ONE.2024; 19(10): e0312309.     CrossRef
  • Why Some People Are Hesitant to Receive COVID-19 Boosters: A Systematic Review
    Yam B. Limbu, Bruce A. Huhmann
    Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2023; 8(3): 159.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Hesitancy in Malaysia: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study
    Kai Wei Lee, Sook Fan Yap, Hooi Tin Ong, Myo Oo, Kye Mon Min Swe
    Vaccines.2023; 11(3): 638.     CrossRef
  • Factors associated with parental intention to vaccinate their preschool children against COVID-19: a cross-sectional survey in urban area of Jakarta, Indonesia
    Theresia Santi, Badriul Hegar, Zakiudin Munasir, Ari Prayitno, Retno Asti Werdhani, Ivo Novita Sah Bandar, Juandy Jo, Ruswati Uswa, Ratna Widia, Yvan Vandenplas
    Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research.2023; 12(3): 240.     CrossRef
  • Factors associated with COVID-19 booster vaccine hesitancy: a nationwide, cross-sectional survey in Japan
    A. Takamatsu, H. Honda, T. Miwa, T. Tabuchi, K. Taniguchi, K. Shibuya, Y. Tokuda
    Public Health.2023; 223: 72.     CrossRef
  • Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Parents of Children Aged 5–11 Years in Korea
    Ju Hwan Kim, Dongwon Yoon, Yunha Noh, Jaehun Jung, Young June Choe, Ju-Young Shin
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effective Vaccination and Education Strategies for Emerging Infectious Diseases Such as COVID-19
    Seong-Heon Wie, Jaehun Jung, Woo Joo Kim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 vaccination acceptance, safety and side-effects in European patients with severe asthma
    Apostolos Bossios, Alison M. Bacon, Katrien Eger, Dóra Paróczai, Florence Schleich, Shane Hanon, Svetlana Sergejeva, Eleftherios Zervas, Konstantinos Katsoulis, Christina Aggelopoulou, Konstantinos Kostikas, Eleni Gaki, Nikoletta Rovina, Zsuzsanna Csoma,
    ERJ Open Research.2023; 9(6): 00590-2023.     CrossRef
  • Parental concerns about COVID-19 vaccine safety and hesitancy in Korea: implications for vaccine communication
    Hye-Kyung Cho, Hyunju Lee, Young June Choe, Shinkyeong Kim, Sujin Seo, Jiwon Moon, Eun Hwa Choi, Geun-Yong Kwon, Jee Yeon Shin, Sang-Yoon Choi, Mi Jin Jeong, Myoungsoon You
    Epidemiology and Health.2022; 45: e2023004.     CrossRef
COVID-19: Brief Communication
Dynamics of hospitalizations and in-hospital deaths from COVID-19 in northeast Brazil: a retrospective analysis based on the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 variants and vaccination coverage
Paulo Ricardo Martins-Filho, Adriano Antunes de Souza Araújo, Lucindo José Quintans-Júnior, Bárbara dos Santos Soares, Waneska de Souza Barboza, Taise Ferreira Cavalcante, Victor Santana Santos
Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022036.   Published online April 5, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022036
  • 23,399 View
  • 357 Download
  • 18 Web of Science
  • 19 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
This study investigated the dynamics of hospitalizations and in-hospital deaths from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) throughout the pandemic in northeast Brazil, the Brazilian region with the worst socioeconomic indicators. In total, 141,445 cases, 8,213 hospital admissions, and 1,644 in-hospital deaths from COVID-19 were registered from March 14, 2020 to February 5, 2022. The overall rates of hospitalization and in-hospital deaths were 5.8% and 20.0%, respectively. The hospitalization and death rates significantly decreased over time, which may have been related to progress in vaccination. During the spread of the Gamma variant (January to June 2021), most hospitalized individuals were young adults, and approximately 40% of deaths occurred in this age group. During the predominance of Delta (July to December 2021), over 75% of deaths occurred among the elderly and unvaccinated or partially vaccinated individuals. This rate decreased to 42.3% during the transmission of the Omicron variant (January to February 2022), during which 34.6% of deaths were recorded among fully vaccinated individuals (2 doses) and 23.1% among those who received full vaccination and a booster. The Omicron-driven third wave was associated with a rise in the proportion of deaths among vaccinated individuals, especially among those who had not received a booster dose.
Summary
Key Message
The Omicron-driven third wave in Brazil was associated with a rise in the proportion of deaths among vaccinated individuals, especially among those who had not received a booster dose

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Genomic and epidemiological characterization of SARS-CoV-2 in Northeastern Brazil: a comprehensive analysis (2020–2024)
    Maria Cidinaria Silva Alves, Raul Maia Falcão, Ondina Fonseca de Jesus Palmeira, Sérgio de Sá Leitão Paiva-Júnior, Valdir de Queiroz Balbino
    Archives of Virology.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Clinical profile analysis of SARS-CoV-2 community infections during periods with omicron BA.2, BA.4/5, and XBB dominance in Hong Kong: a prospective cohort study
    Yawei Wang, Hau Chi So, Nicole Ngai Yung Tsang, Siu Kan Kwok, Benjamin J Cowling, Gabriel M Leung, Dennis Kai Ming Ip
    The Lancet Infectious Diseases.2025; 25(3): 276.     CrossRef
  • Situação vacinal e desfecho clínico da COVID-19 em pacientes hospitalizados
    Priscila Poli, Gustavo Diego Magno, Silvia Carla da Silva André Uehara
    Rev Rene.2025; 26: e95529.     CrossRef
  • AVALIAÇÃO DO IMPACTO EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA VACINAÇÃO CONTRA O SARS-COV-2 NO ESTADO DE GOIÁS EM 2021
    Guilherme Silveira Rocha, Tamara Rodrigues Lima Zanuzzi, Edlaine Faria de Moura Villela, Fábio Morato Oliveira
    REVISTA DE ESTUDOS INTERDISCIPLINARES.2025; 7(6): 01.     CrossRef
  • Understanding SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein clusters and their impact on immunity of the population from Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
    Diego Gomes Teixeira, João Firmino Rodrigues-Neto, Dayse Caroline Severiano da Cunha, Selma Maria Bezerra Jeronimo
    Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2024; 118: 105556.     CrossRef
  • The effectiveness of vaccination on the COVID-19 epidemic in California
    Elijah Huang, Siddharth Kurkure, Yui Seo, Kristie Lau, Jose Puglisi
    American Journal of Infection Control.2024; 52(11): 1252.     CrossRef
  • Asthma as a risk factor and allergic rhinitis as a protective factor for COVID-19 severity: a case-control study
    Martha Débora Lira Tenório, Gabriel Valentim dos Santos Menezes Siqueira, Gustavo Costa Caldas, Roque Pacheco de Almeida, Amélia Ribeiro de Jesus, Paulo Ricardo Martins-Filho
    European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.2024; 281(12): 6677.     CrossRef
  • OVERVIEW OF VACCINATION STATUS AND COMORBIDITIES IN DEATHS DUE TO COVID-19 OMICRON VARIANT IN RIAU PROVINCE, 2022
    Rajunitrigo Rajunitrigo, Irwan Muryanto, Renti Mahkota, Fajri Marindra Siregar, Nina Elvita, Eka Malfasari, Mega Utami Basra, Marwanty Marwanty
    Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi.2024; 12(2): 134.     CrossRef
  • Case-fatality rates and risk of death from COVID-19 and influenza A/H3N2 in Brazil: A nationwide ecological study
    Paulo Ricardo Martins-Filho, Jerocílio Maciel de Oliveira Júnior, Cliomar Alves dos Santos
    Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica.2023; 41(3): 199.     CrossRef
  • SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality in pediatric patients with hematological malignancies and solid tumors
    João Eduardo Andrade Tavares de Aguiar, Marcos Antônio Lima Carvalho, Simone Santana Viana, Paulo Ricardo Martins-Filho, Rosana Cipolotti
    Pediatric Hematology and Oncology.2023; 40(4): 429.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Epidemiologic and Clinical COVID-19 Profiles in Children in Argentina, During Circulation of Original and Variant (Alpha, Gamma and Lambda) Strains
    Angela Gentile, María Del Valle Juárez, Lucia Romero Bollon, Valeria Aprea, Erika Matteucci, Andrea Falaschi, Martin Brizuela, Cristina Euliarte, Gabriela Gregorio, Maria Paula Della Latta, Carlota Russ, Gabriela Nidia Ensinck, Liliana Saraceni, Miriam Br
    Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal.2023; 42(2): 136.     CrossRef
  • Case-fatality rates and risk of death from COVID-19 and influenza A/H3N2 in Brazil: A nationwide ecological study
    Paulo Ricardo Martins-Filho, Jerocílio Maciel de Oliveira Júnior, Cliomar Alves dos Santos
    Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.).2023; 41(3): 199.     CrossRef
  • Impact of inactivated vaccines on decrease of viral RNA levels in individuals with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.2) variant: A retrospective cohort study in Shanghai, China
    Peng Yang, Bianli Dang, Wen Kang, Xiaofeng Li, Tianping Wang, Ruijuan Li, Meijuan Peng, Yushen Liu, Linxu Wang, Yan Cheng, Suhuai Yu, Min Wei, Han Gao, Wenzhen Kang, Lei Shang
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the disease severity with infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) Delta and Omicron variants: A meta‐analysis
    Ying Qiu, Zhenghao Li, Fan Lin, Yilin Yang, Lanxuan Yang, Ting Li
    MedComm – Future Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Mortality in Critical COVID-19 Patients Aged 50 Years or Younger During Omicron Wave in Korea: Comparison With Patients Older Than 50 Years of Age
    Hye Jin Shi, Jinyoung Yang, Joong Sik Eom, Jae-Hoon Ko, Kyong Ran Peck, Uh Jin Kim, Sook In Jung, Seulki Kim, Hyeri Seok, Miri Hyun, Hyun Ah Kim, Bomi Kim, Eun-Jeong Joo, Hae Suk Cheong, Cheon Hoo Jun, Yu Mi Wi, Jungok Kim, Sungmin Kym, Seungjin Lim, Yoon
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among urban cleaning and solid waste management workers during transmission of the Omicron variant in Brazil
    Paulo Ricardo Martins-Filho, Joyce Thayane da Conceição dos Santos, Márcia Santos Rezende, Fernanda Oliveira de Carvalho, Érica Santos dos Reis, Waneska de Souza Barboza, Taise Ferreira Cavalcante, Cliomar Alves dos Santos, Lucindo José Quintans-Júnior,
    Epidemiology and Health.2023; 45: e2023025.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 in Pakistan: A national analysis of five pandemic waves
    Taimoor Ahmad, Mujahid Abdullah, Abdul Mueed, Faisal Sultan, Ayesha Khan, Adnan Ahmad Khan, Huzaifa Ahmad Cheema
    PLOS ONE.2023; 18(12): e0281326.     CrossRef
  • The increase in SARS-CoV-2 lineages during 2020–2022 in a state in the Brazilian Northeast is associated with a number of cases
    Moises Thiago de Souza Freitas, Ludmila Oliveira Carvalho Sena, Kiyoshi Ferreira Fukutani, Cliomar Alves dos Santos, Francisco das Chagas Barros Neto, Julienne Sousa Ribeiro, Erica Santos dos Reis, Valdir de Queiroz Balbino, Sérgio de Sá Paiva Leitão, Mar
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Clinical symptom profile of hospitalized COVID-19 Brazilian patients according to SARS-CoV-2 variants
    Natália Satchiko Hojo-Souza, Vander Luis de Souza Freitas, Daniel Ludovico Guidoni, Fernanda Sumika Hojo de Souza
    Epidemiology and Health.2023; 45: e2023079.     CrossRef
Perspective
Measles susceptibility of marriage migrant women in Korea
Sooyeon Kim, Sun A Kim, Hanbich Hong, Seong Ryeong Choi, Hae-Young Na, Sung Un Shin, Kyung-Hwa Park, Sook In Jung, Min-Ho Shin, Sun-Seog Kweon, Seung Ji Kang
Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022031.   Published online March 12, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022031
  • 20,039 View
  • 393 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
International migrants could be considered a risk group susceptible to vaccine-preventable diseases. We conducted a measles seroprevalence study among 419 marriage migrant women living in Sinan-gun and Wando-gun, South Jeolla Province, located in the southwestern part of Korea. The overall seroimmunity was 92.8%. The seroimmunity varied considerably according to the country of origin and increased with age. Our current analysis could be valuable in the context of discussions concerning vaccination policies for immigrants in Korea.
Summary
Korean summary
전라남도 신안군과 완도군에 거주하는 결혼이주여성 419명을 대상으로 홍역항체 양성률을 조사하였다. 전체적 항체양성률은 92.8% 로 높았으나, 나이로 나누어 분석하였을 때, 30세 미만에서는 83.1% 로 30세 이상의 95.5% 에 비해 통계적으로 유의미하게 낮았다. 출신국가에 따른 분석에서는 캄보디아 출신의 경우 30세 미만에서 항체 양성률이 40.0 % 에 불과하여, 타국가 들에 비해 통계적으로 유의미하게 낮았다.
Key Message
To prevent measles resurgence, continuous monitoring of immunity in communities, including foreign-born populations who may have different serostatus, is essential.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Features for the foreign labor migrants medical care organization
    A.S. Moskvicheva
    Russian Journal of Preventive Medicine.2026; 29(2): 97.     CrossRef
  • Cardiovascular disease risk disparities between immigrants and native Koreans: a population-based study in Gwangju, Korea
    Jung-Ho Yang, Yerin Choi, Ran Lee, Seong Eun Kim, Kyung-Hwa Park, Seong-Woo Choi, BongKyu Sun, Kyunghak Kim, Sun-Seog Kweon
    Epidemiology and Health.2025; 47: e2025067.     CrossRef
  • Exploring the interplay of migrant entrepreneurship, emotional intelligence and social integration of marriage migrant women in South Korea
    Mandari Pabasara Wijerathna, Yong-Byoung Chae
    Asian and Pacific Migration Journal.2024; 33(2): 377.     CrossRef
  • Seroprevalence of Measles Antibodies Among Migrant Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Somen K Pradhan, Ashutosh Panda, Ipsita Debata, Prem S Panda
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Seroprevalence of measles antibody among immigrants in Gwangju, South Korea
    Ran Lee, Sarah Kim, Hyerin Na, Ji In Seo, Jang Gwon Yoon, A Ram Park, So Hyun Bae, So Yeong Park, Jun Hwi Cho, Jin Kim, Seong-Woo Choi, Sun-Seog Kweon, Bongkyu Sun, Kyunghak Kim, Kyung-Hwa Park, Seong Eun Kim
    Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Original Articles
Persistence of vaccine-induced antibodies to A/H5N1 at 30 months and 36 months after vaccination in Vietnam
Chien Vien Chinh, Viet Phu Quoc, Loc Huynh Tan, Duoc Nguyen Van, Thai Pham Quang, Be Le Van
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021076.   Published online October 6, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021076
  • 20,348 View
  • 102 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
An A/H5N1 vaccine (IVACFLU-A/H5N1) was accepted for use in Vietnam; however, antibody persistence after vaccination has not been well characterized. We examined post-vaccination antibody persistence and related risk factors in individuals enrolled in the phase II IVACFLU-A/ H5N1 vaccine trial in Ninh Hoa, Vietnam, who received a 15-μg dose (2 injections 21 days apart).
METHODS
We used a longitudinal study design to follow 86 participants, without a control group. The participants tested as anti-A/H5N1 immunoglobulin G seronegative at baseline and received both doses of the vaccine. Blood was drawn at 30 months and 36 months after the complete vaccination to assess antibody status. Antibody persistence status was compared by demographic characteristics and exposure risk factors using univariate logistic regression.
RESULTS
In total, 84.9% and 52.3% of the population showed persistence of at least 1/10 of the A/H5N1 antibodies at 30 months and 36 months after IVACFLU-A/H5N1 vaccination, respectively. The odds of antibody persistence were higher in older people, but lower in people who had experienced flu-like symptoms in the past 18 months or between 2 visits. We recorded no differences between A/H5N1 antibody persistence and exposure risk factors, including having a poultry farm, coming into contact with poultry, and slaughtering and processing poultry.
CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrated noteworthy antibody persistence, indicated by the seroconversion rate and geometric mean titer at 30 months and 36 months after the IVACFLU-A/H5N1 vaccine. Further studies should investigate older people and those who experienced flu-like symptoms to determine a suitable time for a booster shot.
Summary
Key Message
A longitudinal un-controlled study followed participants enrolled in the phase II IVACFLU-A/ H5N1 vaccine trial in Ninh Hoa, Vietnam. The participants tested for anti-A/H5N1 IgG at baseline, 30 months, and 36 months after the complete vaccination to assess antibody status. 84.9% and 52.3% of the population have persistence of at least 1/10 of the A/H5N1 antibodies at 30 months and 36 months, respectively. Antibody persistence was higher in older people but lower in people who had experienced flu-like symptoms in the past or between 2 visits. The result can interpret that remarkable antibody persistence long after vaccination.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Avian Influenza: Lessons from Past Outbreaks and an Inventory of Data Sources, Mathematical and AI Models, and Early Warning Systems for Forecasting and Hotspot Detection to Tackle Ongoing Outbreaks
    Emmanuel Musa, Zahra Movahhedi Nia, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Doris Leung, Nelson Lee, Jude Dzevela Kong
    Healthcare.2024; 12(19): 1959.     CrossRef
The age-standardized incidence, mortality, and case fatality rates of COVID-19 in 79 countries: a cross-sectional comparison and their correlations with associated factors
Dongui Hong, Sohyae Lee, Yoon-Jung Choi, Sungji Moon, Yoonyoung Jang, Yoon-Min Cho, Hyojung Lee, Sukhong Min, Hyeree Park, Seokyung Hahn, Ji-Yeob Choi, Aesun Shin, Daehee Kang
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021061.   Published online September 8, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021061
  • 43,165 View
  • 419 Download
  • 16 Web of Science
  • 13 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, crude incidence and mortality rates have been widely reported; however, age-standardized rates are more suitable for comparisons. In this study, we estimated and compared the age-standardized incidence, mortality, and case fatality rates (CFRs) among countries and investigated the relationship between these rates and factors associated with healthcare resources: gross domestic product per capita, number of hospital beds per population, and number of doctors per population.
METHODS
The incidence, mortality, and CFRs of 79 countries were age-standardized using the World Health Organization standard population. The rates for persons 60 years or older were also calculated. The relationships among the rates were analysed using trend lines and coefficients of determination (R<sup>2</sup>). Pearson correlation coefficients between the rates and the healthcare resource-related factors were calculated.
RESULTS
The countries with the highest age-standardized incidence, mortality, and CFRs were Czechia (14,253 cases/100,000), Mexico (182 deaths/100,000), and Mexico (6.7%), respectively. The R<sup>2</sup> between the incidence and mortality rates was 0.852 for all ages and 0.945 for those 60 years or older. The healthcare resources-related factors were associated positively with incidence rates and negatively with CFRs, with weaker correlations among the elderly.
CONCLUSIONS
Compared to age-standardized rates, crude rates showed greater variation among countries. Medical resources may be important in preventing COVID-19-related deaths; however, considering the small variation in fatality among the elderly, preventive measures such as vaccination are more important, especially for the elderly population, to minimize the mortality rates.
Summary
Korean summary
국가별 발생률, 사망률, 치명률을 WHO 표준 인구로 연령표준화하였고, 의료자원과 관계된 지표와의 상관관계를 파악하였다. 2021년 4월 6일 기준, 연령표준화 발생률, 사망률, 치명률이 가장 높은 나라는 각각 체코 (10만명당 14,253명), 멕시코 (10만명당 182명), 멕시코 (6.7%)이며, 60세 이상 노인은 사망률과 치명률이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 1인당GDP, 인구당 의사 수, 인구당 병상 수는 발생률과 양의 상관관계가, 치명률과는 음의 상관관계가 있었고 노인에게서는 상관관계가 약하게 나타났다. 코로나바이러스감염증-19로 인한 피해를 최소화하기 위해서 의료자원의 투입과 더불어 노인의 감염예방이 중요할 것이다.
Key Message
The incidence, mortality, and case fatality rates of 79 countries were age-standardized using the WHO standard population. The correlations between the rates and the healthcare resource-related factors were investigated. As of April 6, 2021, the countries with the highest age-standardized incidence, mortality, and case fatality rates were Czechia (14,253 cases/100,000), Mexico (182 deaths/100,000), and Mexico (6.7%), respectively; the mortality and case fatality rates were higher among the elderly. GDP per capita, number of hospital beds per population, and number of doctors per population were associated positively with incidence rate, and negatively with case fatality rates: the correlations were weaker among the elderly. To minimize the burden caused by COVID-19, preventing the elderly from infection is important as well as supply of medical resources.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Evolving burden of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease and its complications in a US nationwide healthcare system
    Basim Ali, Ronald Samuel, Jennifer R. Kramer, Liang Li, Xian Yu, Yumei Cao, Roxanne Desiderio, George Cholankeril, Steven M. Asch, Hashem B. El-Serag, Fasiha Kanwal
    Hepatology Communications.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 case fatality rate and infection fatality rate from 2020 to 2023: Nationwide analysis in Austria
    Uwe Riedmann, Alena Chalupka, Lukas Richter, Martin Sprenger, Wolfgang Rauch, Robert Krause, Peter Willeit, Harald Schennach, Bernhard Benka, Dirk Werber, Tracy Beth Høeg, John PA Ioannidis, Stefan Pilz
    Journal of Infection and Public Health.2025; 18(4): 102698.     CrossRef
  • Occurrence of COVID-19 and serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: A case-control study among workers with a wide range of exposures
    Anna K. Porter, Sarah E. Kleinschmidt, Kara L. Andres, Courtney N. Reusch, Ryan M. Krisko, Oyebode A. Taiwo, Geary W. Olsen, Matthew P. Longnecker
    Global Epidemiology.2024; 7: 100137.     CrossRef
  • Should we ignore SARS-CoV-2 disease?
    Igor Nesteruk
    Epidemiology and Infection.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The First Wave of COVID-19 in Forensic Psychiatry: A Rapid Review Series
    Y. Bodryzlova, A. J. Lemieux, A. Crocker
    Victims & Offenders.2023; 18(5): 799.     CrossRef
  • Age-standardization and Standard Population
    Dongui Hong, Sohyae Lee, Kyu-Won Jung, Aesun Shin
    Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2023; 48(Suppl 1): S15.     CrossRef
  • Topic and Trend Analysis of Weibo Discussions About COVID-19 Medications Before and After China’s Exit from the Zero-COVID Policy: Retrospective Infoveillance Study
    Duo Lan, Wujiong Ren, Ke Ni, Yicheng Zhu
    Journal of Medical Internet Research.2023; 25: e48789.     CrossRef
  • Rapid establishment of a dedicated COVID-19 hospital in Mexico city during a public health crisis
    Roberto Tapia-Conyer, Rafael Ricardo Valdez-Vázquez, Julieta Lomelín-Gascón, Rodrigo Saucedo-Martínez, Luis Alberto Martinez-Juarez, Héctor Gallardo-Rincón
    Hospital Practice.2022; 50(3): 183.     CrossRef
  • Comparative epidemiology of five waves of COVID-19 in Mexico, March 2020–August 2022
    Iván de Jesús Ascencio-Montiel, Oscar David Ovalle-Luna, Ramón Alberto Rascón-Pacheco, Victor Hugo Borja-Aburto, Gerardo Chowell
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Global burden of calcific aortic valve disease and attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019
    Jiaye Yu, Zhuo Wang, Qinyi Bao, Shuxin Lei, Yayu You, Zhehui Yin, Xiaojie Xie
    Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Is it possible to prepare for a pandemic?
    Robert Tucker Omberg, Alex Tabarrok
    Oxford Review of Economic Policy.2022; 38(4): 851.     CrossRef
  • Time-series comparison of COVID-19 case fatality rates across 21 countries with adjustment for multiple covariates
    Yongmoon Kim, Bryan Inho Kim, Sangwoo Tak
    Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2022; 13(6): 424.     CrossRef
  • Cause-specific mortality in Korea during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic
    Jinwook Bahk, Kyunghee Jung-Choi
    Epidemiology and Health.2022; 44: e2022110.     CrossRef
Bacillus of Calmette and Guérin (BCG) and the risk of leprosy in Ciudad del Este, Paraguay, 2016-2017
Nancy Carolina Cuevas, Victor M. Cardenas
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021060.   Published online September 8, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021060
  • 21,970 View
  • 123 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Paraguay has experienced a 35% reduction in the detected incidence of leprosy during the last ten years, as the vaccination coverage against tuberculosis (Bacillus of Calmette and Guérin [BCG] vaccine) reached ≥95% among infants. The objective of this case-control study was to evaluate the protective effect of BCG on the risk of leprosy.
METHODS
We used a population-based case-control study of 20 leprosy confirmed cases reported among residents of Ciudad del Este, Paraguay, diagnosed in 2016-2017. Three controls were selected from a random sample of households from the city. We assessed vaccine effectiveness using 1- odds ratio [OR], and confounding for age, gender, education, occupation, and marital status using stratified and exact logistic regression, and explored if there was effect modification calculating the synergy factor (SF) and relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI).
RESULTS
After controlling for age, gender, education, occupation and marital status, the OR of BCG scar on the risk of leprosy was 0.10 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.02 to 0.45), for an estimate of vaccine effectiveness of 89.5% reduced risk of leprosy (95% CI, 55.2 to 98.1). There was evidence of heterogeneity by which the effectiveness of BCG seemed stronger among younger persons (Breslow-Day and Z-test of the SF had a p<0.05), and both the RERI and SF indicated a less then multiplicative and additive interaction of BCG and younger age.
CONCLUSIONS
BCG vaccination was associated with a decreased risk of leprosy in the study population, particularly in persons born after 1980.
Summary
Key Message
Paraguay had the second highest reported incidence in the Americas, but no previous study had investigated the topic of BCG for leprosy in Paraguay. We confirmed that BCG protected from leprosy, hence it may have contributed to the observed decline of leprosy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Autoantibodies and vitamin D in leprosy patients in the Brazilian Amazon
    Glaucielen Gomes da Silva, Tinara Leila de Souza Aarão, Lucas Corrêa Modesto, Luis Arthur Moreira Ferreira, Pablo Rodrigues Nunes de Souza, Rafael Malcher Meira Rocha, Luiz Fábio Magno Falcão, Juarez Antônio Simões Quaresma
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • An update of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of leprosy: A narrative review
    Chien-Yuan Huang, Shih-Bin Su, Kow-Tong Chen
    Medicine.2024; 103(34): e39006.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Antiphenolic Glycolipid-1 Antibody Levels in Seropositive Contacts of Leprosy after 2 Years of Single-dose Rifampicin as Postexposure Prophylaxis
    Odelia Jovita Jusuf Fantoni, Rusmawardiana, Yulia Farida Yahya, Erial Bahar, Theresia Lumban Toruan, Muhammad Izazi Hari Purwoko
    The International Journal of Mycobacteriology.2023; 12(4): 399.     CrossRef
  • BCG and SARS-CoV-2—What Have We Learned?
    Jakub Kulesza, Ewelina Kulesza, Piotr Koziński, Wojciech Karpik, Marlena Broncel, Marek Fol
    Vaccines.2022; 10(10): 1641.     CrossRef
Recent increase in pertussis incidence in Korea: an age-period-cohort analysis
Chanhee Kim, Seonju Yi, Sung-il Cho
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021053.   Published online August 18, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021053
  • 28,957 View
  • 253 Download
  • 10 Web of Science
  • 14 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Pertussis or whooping cough—one of the most contagious diseases—is caused by the Gram-negative bacterium <i>Bordetella pertussis</i>. Despite a high vaccination rate, Korea recently experienced a resurgence of pertussis. This study explores patterns and possible explanations for this resurgence through an age-period-cohort analysis.
METHODS
Using secondary data from the infectious disease portal of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency and the Korea Statistical Information Service of Statistics Korea, this study analyzed the incidence of pertussis in Korea to determine which factors contributed to the recent increase using an age-period-cohort model.
RESULTS
Analysis of the age effect indicated that the age group most vulnerable to pertussis was 0-year to 2-year-olds. Analysis of the period effect showed a sharp increase in the incidence rate after 2016. Analysis of the cohort effect showed a significant decrease in incidence beginning with the 1955 birth cohort, with the risk increasing again with the 2000s birth cohort.
CONCLUSIONS
Previous studies have suggested 3 main possible explanations for our results. First, the increased incidence rate can be attributed to contact rates. Second, the rate of immunity through natural exposure has decreased due to the low number of circulating pathogens, in turn affecting the trend of infection. Lastly, variations in pathogens may have also contributed to the increase in incidence. Given that the most significant increase in incidence was observed among infants younger than 1 year old, sufficient maternal immunity must be prioritized to provide passive immunity to newborns via the placenta.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 연령-기간-코호트 모델을 활용하여 예방접종률이 높은 국가들의 백일해 재출현에 기여하는 요인에 무엇이 있는지 살펴보았다. 연령에 따른 사회적 접촉률(contact rate)의 변화, 자연노출에 의한 면역 강화(natural boosting) 기회의 감소, 그리고 백일해 병원체의 변이가 백일해 재출현의 원인일 수 있다. 분석 결과 영아 집단에서 백일해 발병률이 가장 급격한 증가가 관찰되었으며, 이는 모성면역의 확보가 중요하다는 점을 시사한다.
Key Message
This study examined factors contribute to the re-emergence of pertussis in countries with high vaccination rates using the age-period-cohort model. Changes in social contact rates according to age, reduction in immune boosting opportunities by natural exposure, and variations in pertussis pathogens may be the cause of re-emergence. As a result of the analysis, the sharpest increase in the incidence of pertussis in the infant group was observed, suggesting that securing maternal immunity is important.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Competencies influencing childcare providers' infectious-disease prevention in routine and outbreak contexts: a study in South Korea
    Won-Oak Oh, Yoo-Jin Heo, Myung Jin Jung, Jihee Han, Eunji Lee
    Frontiers in Public Health.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Distribution and Co-detection of Bacterial Respiratory Pathogens Using Pertussis-Positive Specimens from Children and Adolescents in Busan, Korea
    Mi-Jung Park
    Journal of Bacteriology and Virology.2026; 56(1): 35.     CrossRef
  • Sudden pertussis outbreaks in Guro-gu, Seoul: epidemiological characteristics and contributing factors in 2024
    Woosuk Han, Heejin Kimm, Yeun Soo Yang, Jun Wook Kwon, Euncheol Son
    Child Health Nursing Research.2026; 32(2): 203.     CrossRef
  • Pertussis in the Post-COVID-19 Era: Resurgence, Diagnosis, and Management
    Hyun Mi Kang, Taek-Jin Lee, Su Eun Park, Soo-Han Choi
    Infection & Chemotherapy.2025; 57(1): 13.     CrossRef
  • Pertussis epidemic in Korea and implications for epidemic control
    Joowon Lee
    Infectious Diseases.2025; 57(2): 207.     CrossRef
  • Epidemiological features of the 2024 pertussis outbreak in Gyeonggi Province, Korea
    Yeon Hwa Chang, Kyujin Chang, Yeong Jun Ju
    Epidemiology and Health.2025; 47: e2025072.     CrossRef
  • 2023–2024절기 경상남도 백일해 유행조사 보고
    유진 조, 아라 김, 혜림 박, 다혜 안, 슬기 양, 연정 김
    Public Health Weekly Report.2024; 17(26): 1143.     CrossRef
  • Epidemiological Characteristics of Notifiable Respiratory Infectious Diseases in Mainland China from 2010 to 2018
    Lele Deng, Yajun Han, Jinlong Wang, Haican Liu, Guilian Li, Dayan Wang, Guangxue He
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(5): 3946.     CrossRef
  • Incidence and Healthcare Burden of Pertussis among Older Adults with and without Pre-Existing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or Asthma in South Korea
    Jing Chen, Ju-Young Shin, Hyungwoo Kim, Ju Hwan Kim, Ahhyung Choi, Hee Jin Cheong, Yeon-Mok Oh, Adrienne Guignard, Sumitra Shantakumar
    COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.2023; 20(1): 126.     CrossRef
  • Pre-Pandemic Distribution of Bacterial Species in Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens from Pediatric and Adult Patients Detected via RT-PCR Using the Allplex Respiratory Panel
    Dong-Hyun Lee, Young-Jin Choi, Jieun Kim, Eunhee Han, Mi-Hyun Bae
    Life.2023; 13(9): 1840.     CrossRef
  • Bacterial Etiology in Subacute Cough
    Ji-Yong Moon, Hyun Lee, Min-Hye Kim, Woo-Jung Song, Sang Min Lee, Sae-Hoon Kim, Sang-Heon Kim, Byung-Jae Lee, Ho Joo Yoon, Sang Hoon Kim
    Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research.2023; 15(5): 673.     CrossRef
  • Post-Marketing Surveillance of Tetravalent Diphtheria-Tetanus-Acellular Pertussis and Inactivated Poliovirus (DTaP-IPV) Vaccine in South Korea, 2009 to 2015
    Young June Choe, Emmanuel Vidor, Christine Manson
    Infectious Diseases and Therapy.2022; 11(4): 1479.     CrossRef
  • ARIMA and ARIMA-ERNN models for prediction of pertussis incidence in mainland China from 2004 to 2021
    Meng Wang, Jinhua Pan, Xinghui Li, Mengying Li, Zhixi Liu, Qi Zhao, Linyun Luo, Haiping Chen, Sirui Chen, Feng Jiang, Liping Zhang, Weibing Wang, Ying Wang
    BMC Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of Whole-Cell and Acellular Pertussis Vaccines in the Context of Long-Term Herd Immunity
    Ewa Szwejser-Zawislak, Mieszko M. Wilk, Piotr Piszczek, Justyna Krawczyk, Daria Wilczyńska, Daniela Hozbor
    Vaccines.2022; 11(1): 1.     CrossRef
Dynamics of the COVID-19 epidemic in the post-vaccination period in Korea: a rapid assessment
Kyung-Duk Min, Sangwoo Tak
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021040.   Published online May 27, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021040
  • 25,912 View
  • 433 Download
  • 10 Web of Science
  • 10 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a tremendous impact on public health and socioeconomic conditions globally. Although non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) such as social distancing effectively reduced the incidence of COVID-19, especially in Korea, demand for vaccination has increased to minimize the social costs of NPIs. This study estimated the potential benefits of COVID-19 vaccination in Korea.
METHODS
A mathematical model with vaccinated–susceptible–latent–infectious–recovered compartments was used to simulate the COVID-19 epidemic. The compartments were stratified into age groups of 0-19 years, 20-59 years, and 60 years or older. Based on the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency national vaccination plan for the second quarter of 2021, announced on March 15, we developed vaccination scenarios (with 150,000 dose/d and 100% compliance as the main scenario). Comparing scenarios without vaccination or with higher/lower vaccination rates and compliance, we estimated the numbers of COVID-19 cases that will be prevented by vaccination.
RESULTS
The results projected 203,135 cases within a year after April 2021 without vaccination, which would be reduced to 71,248 (64.9% decrease) by vaccination. Supposing a vaccination rate of 150,000 dose/d and 100% compliance, social distancing interventions for those aged 20 or more can be retracted after January 1, 2022.
CONCLUSIONS
We expect COVID-19 vaccination to be effective in Korea. Health authorities should minimize delays in vaccination and vaccine avoidance to maximize the effectiveness of vaccination and end social distancing early.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구에서 국내 백신 접종 시작이후의 코로나19 유행 추이를 수학적 모형을 통하여 예측하였다. 연구 결과, 백신 접종이 전혀 진행되지 않을 경우, 2021년 4월부터 1년간 203,135 건의 확진 사례가 보고될 것으로 예측되었으나, 하루 15만 도즈의 접종이 진행될 경우 같은 기간의 확진자 수를 64.9% 감소시킬 수 있을 것으로 나타났으며, 20세 이상을 대상으로한 사회적 거리두기 정책은 2022년 1월에 중지될 수 있을 것으로 예상되었다.
Key Message
A mathematical model with vaccinated–susceptible–latent–infectious–recovered compartments was used to simulate the COVID-19 epidemic in Korea. The results projected 203,135 cases within a year after April 2021 without vaccination, which would be reduced to 71,248 (64.9% decrease) by vaccination (150,000 doses per day and 100% compliance). Supposing a vaccination rate of 150,000 doses per day and 100% compliance, social distancing intervention for those aged 20 or more can be retracted after January 1, 2022.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Modeling vaccination prioritization strategies for post-pandemic COVID-19 in the Republic of Korea accounting for under-reporting and age-structure
    Geunsoo Jang, Jihyeon Kim, Robin N. Thompson, Hyojung Lee
    Journal of Infection and Public Health.2025; 18(4): 102688.     CrossRef
  • Predictive models for health outcomes due to SARS-CoV-2, including the effect of vaccination: a systematic review
    Oscar Espinosa, Laura Mora, Cristian Sanabria, Antonio Ramos, Duván Rincón, Valeria Bejarano, Jhonathan Rodríguez, Nicolás Barrera, Carlos Álvarez-Moreno, Jorge Cortés, Carlos Saavedra, Adriana Robayo, Oscar H. Franco
    Systematic Reviews.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Mathematical Modeling of COVID-19 Transmission and Intervention in South Korea: A Review of Literature
    Hyojung Lee, Sol Kim, Minyoung Jeong, Eunseo Choi, Hyeonjeong Ahn, Jeehyun Lee
    Yonsei Medical Journal.2023; 64(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Neural network method and multiscale modeling of the COVID-19 epidemic in Korea
    Ziqian Li, Jiwei Jia, Guidong Liao, Young Ju Lee, Siyu Liu
    The European Physical Journal Plus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of vaccination and non-pharmacological interventions on COVID-19: a review of simulation modeling studies in Asia
    Karan Thakkar, Julia Regazzini Spinardi, Jingyan Yang, Moe H. Kyaw, Egemen Ozbilgili, Carlos Fernando Mendoza, Helen May Lin Oh
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cost-effectiveness analysis of COVID-19 variants effects in an age-structured model
    Giphil Cho, Young Jin Kim, Sang-hyup Seo, Geunsoo Jang, Hyojung Lee
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of national Covid-19 vaccination Campaign, South Korea
    Seonju Yi, Young June Choe, Do Sang Lim, Hye Roen Lee, Jia Kim, Yoo-Yeon Kim, Ryu Kyung Kim, Eun Jung Jang, Sangwon Lee, Eunjoo Park, Seung-Jin Kim, Young-Joon Park
    Vaccine.2022; 40(26): 3670.     CrossRef
  • Multi-Faceted Analysis of COVID-19 Epidemic in Korea Considering Omicron Variant: Mathematical Modeling-Based Study
    Youngsuk Ko, Victoria May Mendoza, Renier Mendoza, Yubin Seo, Jacob Lee, Jonggul Lee, Donghyok Kwon, Eunok Jung
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The economic impact of COVID-19 interventions: A mathematical modeling approach
    Jung Eun Kim, Heejin Choi, Yongin Choi, Chang Hyeong Lee
    Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Superspreading Potential from Transmission Clusters of COVID-19 in South Korea
    Hyojung Lee, Changyong Han, Jooyi Jung, Sunmi Lee
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(24): 12893.     CrossRef
Systematic Review
Prevalence of high-risk HPV genotypes in sub-Saharan Africa according to HIV status: a 20-year systematic review
Jude Ogechukwu Okoye, Chukwudi Amaechi Ofodile, Oluwaseun Kelechi Adeleke, Okechi Obioma
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021039.   Published online May 25, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021039
  • 35,466 View
  • 485 Download
  • 51 Web of Science
  • 58 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This review assessed the rate of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among women living in sub-Saharan Africa. It also determined the prevalence of high-risk HPV (hrHPV) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive (HIV+) and seronegative (HIV-) women in sub-Saharan Africa, pre-2010 and post-2010.
METHODS
In this systematic review, Google Scholar, PubMed Central, and Embase were searched to identify cohort and case-control studies that investigated the relationship between HIV and HPV infection. The database searches yielded 17 studies published between 1999 and 2018.
RESULTS
In the general population, the prevalence of any HPV/multiple HPV infections was higher among HIV+ (53.6/22.6%) than among HIV- women (26.5/7.3%) with odds ratios of 3.22 and 3.71, respectively (95% confidence interval, 3.00 to 3.42 and 2.39 to 5.75, p< 0.001). The prevalent HPV genotypes among HIV+ and HIV- women diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer (ICC) were HPV-16/18 and HPV-45. The prevalence of HPV-16, HPV-18, and HPV-45 was lower in 1999-2010 (3.8, 1.7, and 0.8%, respectively) than in 2011-2018 (19.1, 6.0, and 3.6%, respectively). Among women diagnosed with ICC, HIV+ women had a higher prevalence of HPV-56, HPV-31, and HPV-51 (7.3, 5.3, and 3.3%, respectively) than HIV- women (1.3, 2.2, and 0.4%, p< 0.001, p= 0.050, and p= 0.013, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of HPV infection, multiple HPV infections, and non-vaccine HPV types were higher among HIV+ women than among HIV- women in sub-Saharan Africa. Although HIV infection influences the distribution of HPV types, this study suggests that cervical cancer incidence in sub-Saharan Africa is primarily driven by the prevalence of vaccine hrHPVs, especially HPV-16 and HPV-18.
Summary
Key Message
Despite increasing awareness of Human papillomavirus (HPV) among women and availability of HPV vaccines, mounting evidence shows that the age-standardized incidence rate of cervical cancer is increasing in sub-Saharan Africa. This review revealed the influences of some viruses on the trends of the disease between 1999-2010 and 2011-2018.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Comments on “HPV vaccination is highly effective and cost‐effective for cervical cancer prevention in women living with HIV in China: A cost‐effectiveness analysis”
    Zhongyi Liu, Xiaoguang Tong
    International Journal of Cancer.2026; 158(1): 279.     CrossRef
  • Age-Specific Distribution and Factors Associated with High-Risk HPV Infection and Cervical Lesions Among HIV-Positive and -Negative Women in Maputo, Mozambique: Findings from the HPV-ISI Study
    Alberto Sineque, Célia Nhambe, Júlia Sebastião, Nilza Cossa, Cacilda Massango, Zita Sidumo, Susanna Ceffa, Fausto Cicacci, Jahit Sacarlal, Maria Clara Bicho
    Venereology.2026; 5(1): 4.     CrossRef
  • Policies and strategies for HPV vaccination schedule completion in immunocompromised girls, including girls living with HIV: Qualitative insights from Eswatini, Malawi, and Uganda
    Emily E. Crawford, Tosin F. Ajayi, Immaculate Ampeire, Michael Baganizi, Mike N. Chisema, Bridget C. Griffith, Lorraine Kabunga, Thuli Magagula, Lisa-Rufaro Marowa, Akachi E. Mbogu, Nobuhle Mthethwa, Stella Namutebi, Bhekiwe Shongwe, Timothy Tchereni, Fre
    PLOS Global Public Health.2026; 6(2): e0004688.     CrossRef
  • A Pocket Manual for Human Papillomavirus Vaccines
    Natalie A. Voss, J. Brooks Jackson, Mary B. Rysavy
    Vaccines.2026; 14(3): 236.     CrossRef
  • The Burden of HPV35 in African Cervical Pathologies: Prevalence, Contributing Factors, and Vaccine Prospects
    Alltalents T. Murahwa, Mathias Dzobo, Anifrid Mahenge, Patricia Rantshabeng, Racheal S. Dube Mandishora
    Reviews in Medical Virology.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Advancing the elimination of cervical cancer across Africa
    Kelvin Stefan Osafo, Yan Zhang, Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah, Bin Sun, Hua Yang, Pengming Sun
    Nature Communications.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association Between Female Genital Schistosomiasis and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Among Women of Reproductive Age in Zambia: The Schista Study
    Olimpia Lamberti, Rhoda Ndubani, Jennifer Fitzpatrick, Emily Webb, Nkatya Kasese, Beatrice Nyondo, Barry Kosloff, Maina Cheeba, Philippe Mayaud, Morgan E Lemin, Pytsje T Hoekstra, Govert Van Dam, Paul Corstjens, Lisette Van Lieshout, Bonnie Webster, Helen
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Molecular profiling of human papillomavirus genotypes, cytomorphological abnormalities, and their predictors in Cameroon: a multi-regional analysis
    Keriane Diane Kambou Kountchou, Michel Carlos Tommo Tchouaket, Bernadette Fokou Bomgning, Larissa Gaelle Moko Fotso, Semengue Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni, Simon Manga, Alistair Dumps, George Enow-Orock, Joseph Fokam, Jules-Roger Kuiate
    Sahelian Journal of Responsible One Health.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of cervical cancer preventive services among mothers living with HIV in Lagos, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
    Mengmeng Jia, Agatha Wapmuk, Titilola Gbaja-Biamila, Oba A. Abudulrasheed, Akeem Blessing Lateef, Joseph D. Tucker, Oliver Chukwujekwu Ezechi
    BMC Public Health.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Comparison of the Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Human Papillomavirus Infection Among HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Women in Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
    Adebola A Adejimi, Kehinde S Okunade, Aderinsola F Faturoti, Kofoworola A Odeyemi, Adekunbiola A Banjo, Alani S Akanmu
    Cureus.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • High Burden of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infections Among Women Living With HIV in Meru, Kenya
    Celestine K Nyamari, Rachael Gachogo, Anthony K Nyamache, Frank G Onyambu
    Cureus.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and genoprevalence in Jimma town of Southwest Ethiopia: a population-based study
    Demisew Amenu Sori, Rahma Ali, Prisha Balgovind, Nega Jibata, Wondimagegn Adissu, Gerezgiher Buruh, Haftamu Hailekiros, Endashaw Nadew, Ashenafi Alemu, Gerald L. Murray, Nigisti Mulholland, Gelila K. Goba, Eva J. Kantelhardt, Alemseged Abdissa, Kim Mulhol
    Vaccine: X.2026; 31: 100842.     CrossRef
  • The impact of HPV/HIV co-infection on immunosuppression, HPV genotype, and cervical cancer biomarkers
    Terkimbi Dominic Swase, Ilemobayo Victor Fasogbon, Ifie Josiah Eseoghene, Ekom Monday Etukudo, Solomon Adomi Mbina, Chebet Joan, Reuben Samson Dangana, Chinyere Anyanwu, Comfort Danchal Vandu, A. B Agbaje, Tijjani Salihu Shinkafi, Ibrahim Babangida Abubar
    BMC Cancer.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Knowledge and Prevalence of Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women Receiving Prenatal Care in Accra, Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Victor Akuoku, Michael Darko Ashaley
    Health Services Insights.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • HIV–HPV Co-Infection and Identification of Novel High-Risk HPV Among Women at Two Hospital Centers in Cotonou, Republic of Benin
    Clémence D. Gouton, Ifeoluwa O. Bejide, Oludayo O. Ope-ewe, Marius Adjagba, Simon Azonbakin, Gaonyadiwe Muzanywa, Florence T. Akinyi, Arnaud Agbanlinsou, Yanique Goussanou, Onikepe Folarin, Anatole Laleye, Christian T. Happi, Chinedu A. Ugwu
    Viruses.2025; 17(5): 714.     CrossRef
  • Improving cervical cancer screening participation by introducing HPV vaginal self-sampling to women living with HIV in Denmark– a pilot study
    Siri Nana Halling Svensgaard, Mette Tranberg, Berit Andersen, Lone Kjeld Petersen, Merete Storgaard, Sanne Jespersen
    BMC Women's Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and Genotypic Diversity of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Among Women of Reproductive Age in Kilifi County, Kenya
    Hellen W Kariuki, Celestine K Nyamari, Peter M Waweru, Patrick M Makazi, Marianne W Mureithi, Wallace Bulimo, Erick Wanjala, Lyle McKinnon, Humprefy N Kariuki, Frank G Onyambu
    Cureus.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Adolescent Girls in a Ugandan HIV Clinic: A Cross‐Sectional Survey
    JaNiese E. Jensen, Jacqueline Balungi Kanywa, Patricia Nahirya Ntege, Greta L. Becker, Linder H. Wendt, J. Brooks Jackson, Mary B. Rysavy
    Reproductive, Female and Child Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Syndemic Synergy of HPV, HIV, and HSV-2 for Oncogenic HPV Replication in Female Sex Workers
    Jonathan Muwonga Tukisadila, Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa, Serge Tonen-Wolyec, Hugues Loemba, Jeremie Muwonga, Laurent Belec
    Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2025; 10(6): 157.     CrossRef
  • Feasibility of First‐Void Urinary and Vaginal Self‐Sampling for High‐Risk Human Papillomavirus Testing Among Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Guinea‐Bissau—A Multicenter Cross‐Sectional Study
    Kia Lærke Madsen, Mette Tranberg, Pia Nørgaard, Candida Medina, Merete Storgaard, Alex Vorsters, Severien Van Keer, Bo Langhoff Hønge, Sanne Jespersen
    Journal of Medical Virology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • High Burden of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Sexually Transmitted Infections in a Routine Decentralised HIV Care Setting in Eswatini: A Cross‐Sectional Study
    Bernhard Kerschberger, Nombuso Ntshalintshali, Mano Isaac Mafomisa, Edwin Mabhena, Michelle Daka, Esther Mukooza, Skinner Lekelem, Sindisiwe Dlamini, Mpumelelo Mavimbela, Lenhle Dube, Sindy Matse, Nomvuyo Mabuza, Roberto de Latour, Laurence Toutous Trellu
    Tropical Medicine & International Health.2025; 30(9): 987.     CrossRef
  • APTIMA mRNA vs. DNA-Based HPV Assays: Analytical Performance Insights from a Resource-Limited South African Setting
    Varsetile Varster Nkwinika, Kelvin Amoh Amissah, Johnny Nare Rakgole, Moshawa Calvin Khaba, Cliff Abdul Magwira, Ramokone Lisbeth Lebelo
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2025; 26(15): 7450.     CrossRef
  • The Exposome Perspective: Environmental and Infectious Agents as Drivers of Cancer Disparities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
    Zodwa Dlamini, Mohammed Alaouna, Tebogo Marutha, Zilungile Mkhize-Kwitshana, Langanani Mbodi, Nkhensani Chauke-Malinga, Thifhelimbil E. Luvhengo, Rahaba Marima, Rodney Hull, Amanda Skepu, Monde Ntwasa, Raquel Duarte, Botle Precious Damane, Benny Mosoane,
    Cancers.2025; 17(15): 2537.     CrossRef
  • The High Prevalence of Oncogenic HPV Genotypes Targeted by the Nonavalent HPV Vaccine in HIV-Infected Women Urgently Reinforces the Need for Prophylactic Vaccination in Key Female Populations Living in Gabon
    Marcelle Mboumba-Mboumba, Augustin Mouinga-Ondeme, Pamela Moussavou-Boundzanga, Jeordy Dimitri Engone-Ondo, Roseanne Mounanga Mourimarodi, Abdoulaye Diane, Christ Ognari Ayoumi, Laurent Bélec, Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa, Ivan Mfouo-Tynga
    Diseases.2025; 13(8): 260.     CrossRef
  • Global, regional, and national disease burden and economic costs of cervical cancer (1991–2021): a multidimensional data synthesis analysis
    Yidi Ma, Xiaozhen Lai, Hai Fang
    Frontiers in Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • HPV profiles in Botswana: An analysis of healthy women, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and invasive cervical cancer
    Caroline Kernell, Emily MacDuffie, Xiang Lin, Le Gao, Doreen Ramogola-Masire, Surbhi Grover, Erle Robertson
    Gynecologic Oncology Reports.2025; 62: 101971.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence, viral load and physical status of human papilloma virus in patients at risk for sexually transmitted infections
    E. V. Kasatkin, L. V. Lyalina, D. V. Kholopov, T. G. Zadorkina
    Medical alphabet.2025; (22): 79.     CrossRef
  • Prévalence et distribution des virus du papillome humain chez les femmes en Côte d´Ivoire: revue systématique
    Ella Christelle Brou, David Téa Okou, Pulchérie Christiane Kiki-Barro
    PAMJ - One Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cervical high-risk human papillomavirus infection and its associated risk factors: a community-based cross-sectional study in hard-to-reach areas in Bangladesh
    Naheed Nazrul, Aminur Rahman, Marlieke de Fouw, Christine Campbell, Jaap Koot, Mosamat Umma Kulsum, MD Shahnur Ahmed, Shams Shabab Haider, Md Awlad Hossain, Kazi Maruful Islam, Ashrafun Nessa, Miftahuzzannat Amrin, Jelle Stekelenburg, Jogchum Jan Beltman
    BMJ Open.2025; 15(12): e103915.     CrossRef
  • Isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification based diagnostics for female genital schistosomiasis and human papillomavirus: a review of combined molecular diagnostic opportunities
    Lucy Isabelle Smith, Sanjeev Krishna, Helen Kelly, Amaya Bustinduy, Bonnie Webster
    Parasitology.2025; 152(14): 1540.     CrossRef
  • Human Papillomavirus Types and Cervical Cancer Screening among Female Sex Workers in Cameroon
    Simon M. Manga, Yuanfan Ye, Kathleen L. Nulah, Florence Manjuh, Joel Fokom-Domgue, Isabel Scarinci, Alan N. Tita
    Cancers.2024; 16(2): 243.     CrossRef
  • Fighting cervical cancer in Africa: Taking a closer look at human papillomavirus 35
    Sophia U. Okeke
    African Journal of Laboratory Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • HIV status and knowledge of cervical cancer among women in Ghana
    Nancy Innocentia Ebu Enyan, Sebastian Ken-Amoah, Derek Anamaale Tuoyire, Kafui Patrick Akakpo, Elizabeth Agyare, Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah
    BMC Women's Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The role of multiple high‐risk human papillomavirus infection on the persistence recurrence of high‐grade cervical lesions after standard treatment: A systematic review and a meta‐analysis
    Chiara Cassani, Mattia Dominoni, Marianna Francesca Pasquali, Barbara Gardella, Arsenio Spinillo
    Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica.2024; 103(6): 1028.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes in outpatient Malian women living with HIV: a pilot study
    Ban Traore, Yaya Kassogue, Brehima Diakite, Fousseyni Diarra, Kadidiatou Cisse, Oumar Kassogue, Modibo Diarra, Aissata Coulibaly, Bourama Coulibaly, Hama Diallo, Zoumana Diarra, Madani Ly, Aminata Maiga, Sidi Boula Sissoko, Adama Seydou Sissoko, Cheick Bo
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and risk factors associated with high-risk human papillomavirus infection among women living with HIV (WLWH) at a tertiary health facility in Accra, Ghana
    Frederick Agyare Gyane, Emefa Modey, Ernest Maya, Evelyn Yayra Bonney, Araba Abaidoo-Myles, Elijah Paintsil, Kwasi Torpey, Nicola Serra
    PLOS ONE.2024; 19(5): e0303535.     CrossRef
  • PD-L1 expression in squamous cervical carcinomas of Mozambican women living with or without HIV
    Lucília Lovane, Satish Tulsidás, Carla Carrilho, Christina Karlsson
    Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cost-effectiveness of approaches to cervical cancer screening in Malawi: comparison of frequencies, lesion treatment techniques, and risk-stratified approaches
    Petra W. Rasmussen, Risa M. Hoffman, Sam Phiri, Amos Makwaya, Gerald F. Kominski, Roshan Bastani, Agnes Moses, Corrina Moucheraud
    BMC Health Services Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Multiple human papillomavirus infection and high-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions among women with human immunodeficiency virus: a systematic review and a meta-analysis
    Chiara Cassani, Mattia Dominoni, Marianna Francesca Pasquali, Barbara Gardella, Arsenio Spinillo
    Frontiers in Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and correlates of Human Papillomavirus infection in females from Southern Province, Zambia: A cross-sectional study
    Lweendo Muchaili, Precious Simushi, Bislom C. Mweene, Tuku Mwakyoma, Sepiso K. Masenga, Benson M. Hamooya, Kehinde S. Okunade
    PLOS ONE.2024; 19(8): e0299963.     CrossRef
  • Identification of HPV16 Lineages in South African and Mozambican Women with Normal and Abnormal Cervical Cytology
    Cremildo Maueia, Olivia Carulei, Alltalents T. Murahwa, Ongeziwe Taku, Alice Manjate, Tufária Mussá, Anna-Lise Williamson
    Viruses.2024; 16(8): 1314.     CrossRef
  • Human Papillomavirus Genotypes Distribution in High-Grade Cervical Lesions and Invasive Cervical Carcinoma in Women Living in Mauritania: Implications for Cervical Cancer Prevention and HPV Prophylactic Vaccination
    Mariem Salma Abdoudaim, Mohamed Val Mohamed Abdellahi, Nacer Dine Mohamed Baba, Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa, Mohamed Lemine Cheikh Brahim Ahmed, Laurent Bélec
    Diagnostics.2024; 14(17): 1986.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of human papillomavirus‐based cervical cancer screening strategies in Tanzania among women with and without HIV
    Crispin Kahesa, Louise T. Thomsen, Ditte S. Linde, Bariki Mchome, Johnson Katanga, Patricia Swai, Rachel Manongi, Myassa Kjaerem, Thomas Iftner, Marianne Waldstrøm, Julius Mwaiselage, Vibeke Rasch, Susanne K. Kjær
    International Journal of Cancer.2023; 152(4): 686.     CrossRef
  • Human papillomavirus testing using existing nucleic acid testing platforms to screen women for cervical cancer: implementation studies from five sub-Saharan African countries
    Jessica Joseph, Owen Demke, Lola Ameyan, Joseph Bitilinyu-Bango, Blandine Bourgoin, Mamadou Diop, Babacar Guèye, Jibrin Kama, Marvin Lubega, Bernard Madzima, Tatenda Maparo, Tasimba Mhizha, Andrew Musoke, Susan Nabadda, Twambilire Phiri, Timothy Tchereni,
    BMJ Open.2023; 13(1): e065074.     CrossRef
  • Utilizing first void urine for high-risk HPV testing for cervical cancer screening in HIV-positive women in Katete, Zambia
    Marian Kaoma, Oladapo Olayemi, Mwila Hilton Mwaba, Kapembwa Sikwewa
    BMC Women's Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • High-risk human papillomavirus genotype distribution among women living with and at risk for HIV in Africa
    Mkunde Chachage, Ajay P. Parikh, Anifrid Mahenge, Emmanuel Bahemana, Jonathan Mnkai, Wilbert Mbuya, Ruby Mcharo, Lucas Maganga, Jaqueline Mwamwaja, Reginald Gervas, Hannah Kibuuka, Jonah Maswai, Valentine Singoei, Michael Iroezindu, Abiola Fasina, Allahna
    AIDS.2023; 37(4): 625.     CrossRef
  • The state of human papillomavirus research in Africa
    Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi, Eyinade Adeduntan Egbedina, Jimoh Amzat, Kafayat Aminu, Lawrence Achilles Nnyanzi
    Public Health Challenges.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Measuring the impact of COVID-19 social distancing measures on sexual health behaviours and access to HIV and sexual and reproductive health services for people living with HIV in Botswana
    Samuel Ensor, Imogen Mechie, Rebecca Ryan, Aamirah Mussa, Bame Bame, Lefhela Tamuthiba, Neo Moshashane, Chelsea Morroni
    Frontiers in Global Women's Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Malignancy and viral infections in Sub-Saharan Africa: A review
    Mahamadou Diakite, Kathryn Shaw-Saliba, Chuen-Yen Lau
    Frontiers in Virology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cervicovaginal Microbiota Profiles in Precancerous Lesions and Cervical Cancer among Ethiopian Women
    Brhanu Teka, Kyoko Yoshida-Court, Ededia Firdawoke, Zewditu Chanyalew, Muluken Gizaw, Adamu Addissie, Adane Mihret, Lauren E. Colbert, Tatiana Cisneros Napravnik, Molly B. El Alam, Erica J. Lynn, Melissa Mezzari, Jhingran Anuja, Eva Johanna Kantelhardt, A
    Microorganisms.2023; 11(4): 833.     CrossRef
  • High-risk human papillomavirus genotype distribution among women living with HIV; implication for cervical cancer prevention in a resource limited setting
    Patrick Kafui Akakpo, Sebastian Ken-Amoah, Nancy Innocentia Ebu Enyan, Elizabeth Agyare, Emmanuel Salia, Ibrahim Baidoo, Leonard Derkyi-Kwarteng, Matthew Asare, George Adjei, Stephen Ayisi Addo, Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah
    Infectious Agents and Cancer.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus infection among women in Jingzhou, China: a population-based study of 51,720 women
    Shun Liu, Bing Mei, Yaoling Ouyang, Chengbin Li
    Virology Journal.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Confronting the human papillomavirus–HIV intersection: Cervical cytology implications for Kenyan women living with HIV
    James M. Kangethe, Stephen Gichuhi, Eddy Odari, Jillian Pintye, Kenneth Mutai, Leila Abdullahi, Alex Maiyo, Marianne W. Mureithi
    Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • HPV prevalence among young adult women living with and without HIV in Botswana for future HPV vaccine impact monitoring
    Nancy McClung, Anikie Mathoma, Julia W. Gargano, Naledi Gape Nyepetsi, Troy D. Querec, Juanita Onyekwuluje, Madisa Mine, Chelsea Morroni, Rebecca Luckett, Lauri E. Markowitz, Doreen Ramogola-Masire
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Acting on the call for cervical cancer elimination: Planning tools for low- and middle- income countries to increase the coverage and effectiveness of screening and treatment
    Tara Herrick, Kerry A. Thomson, Michelle Shin, Sarah Gannon, Vivien Tsu, Silvia de Sanjosé
    BMC Health Services Research.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The preference of women living with HIV for the HPV self-sampling of urine at a rural HIV clinic in Uganda
    Agnes Nyabigambo, Roy W. Mayega, Hilbert Mendoza, Aslam Shiraz, John Doorbar, Lynn Atuyambe, Themba G. Ginindza
    Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cervical cancer prevention and control in women living with human immunodeficiency virus
    Philip E. Castle, Mark H. Einstein, Vikrant V. Sahasrabuddhe
    CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians.2021; 71(6): 505.     CrossRef
  • Exogenous Vimentin Supplementation Transiently Affects Early Steps during HPV16 Pseudovirus Infection
    Sinead Carse, Dirk Lang, Arieh A. Katz, Georgia Schäfer
    Viruses.2021; 13(12): 2471.     CrossRef
Original Article
Estimated incidence of juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in Korea
Jin-Kyoung Oh, Hwa Young Choi, Minji Han, Yuh-Seog Jung, Sang Joon Lee, Moran Ki
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021019.   Published online March 10, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021019
  • 27,917 View
  • 369 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11 and is potentially preventable through vaccination. This study estimated the incidence of juvenile-onset RRP before the implementation of the national HPV vaccination program in Korea.
METHODS
We conducted a cohort study using claims data provided by a mandatory insurance program to estimate the incidence of RRP and associated healthcare use. Patients with juvenile RRP were defined as those aged ≤12 years with ≥2 admissions or ≥2 outpatient visits during which they received the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision code for benign neoplasms of the larynx (D14.1).
RESULTS
During 2002-2014, 123 children (74 boys and 49 girls) were diagnosed with RRP. The patients had a mean of 6.5 person-years of follow-up. The incidence was estimated at 0.30/100,000 person-years. The median age at diagnosis was 4.0 years (mean, 4.3). Thirty-six (29.3%) patients underwent surgery, including 23 patients (18.7%) who underwent 2 or more surgical procedures. Severe disease, measured by more frequent surgical procedures and shorter time intervals between consecutive operations, was associated with a younger age at diagnosis.
CONCLUSIONS
The estimated incidence of juvenile-onset RRP in Korea was similar to that reported in other countries. The RRP burden should continue to be monitored using National Health Insurance Service claims data.
Summary
Korean summary
재발성호흡기유두종증은 사람유두종바이러스에 의해 발현되는 희귀 질환이다. 건강보험 청구자료를 활용하여 2002년 이후 출생아 전수 중 2014년까지 후두양성종양으로 2회이상 입원 또는 2회이상 외래진료를 받은 어린이 코호트를 관찰하여 재발성호흡기유두종증 발생률을 추정하였다. 총 123명의 재발성호흡기유두종증 환자가 발생하였으며 (발생률 10만인년당 0.30명), 평균 첫 진단시기는 4세인 것으로 나타났다. 2회 이상 수술적 치료를 받은 경우는 18.7%였다.
Key Message
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). We conducted a cohort study using claims data to estimate the incidence of RRP. Patients with juvenile RRP were defined as those aged ≤12 years with ≥2 admissions or ≥2 outpatient visits with diagnosis for benign neoplasms of the larynx. During 2002-2014, 123 children were diagnosed with RRP. The incidence was estimated at 0.30/100,000 person-years. The median age at diagnosis was 4.0 years. Twenty three patients (18.7%) underwent 2 or more surgical procedures.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Risk factors for perioperative respiratory adverse events and unplanned intensive care admission in children with juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis undergoing carbon dioxide laser resection
    Xueying Yang, Dongni Xu, Rongjian Zhan, Yanan Lu
    World Journal of Pediatric Surgery.2026; 9(2): e001115.     CrossRef
  • Characteristics of juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in China, 2011-2021: A hospital-based nationwide study
    Changchang Dun, Yutong Li, Wenbin Lei, Yun Li, Hui Yang, Yalikun Yasen, Nilipaer Alimu, Dapeng Lei, Dongyan Chen, Qingquan Hua, Zhen Xu, Zhe Zhang, Guangke Wang, Weiwei Wang, Li Shi, Xin Wang, Xuelian Zhao, Shangying Hu, Xiaoguang Ni, Jie Zhang, Jun Wang,
    International Journal of Infectious Diseases.2025; 158: 107972.     CrossRef
  • Descriptive analysis of pediatric laryngeal papillomatosis in Republic of Moldova: epidemiological and clinical characteristics
    Daniela Cernev, Vasile Cabac
    Moldovan Journal of Health Sciences.2025; 12(4): 34.     CrossRef
  • "A systematic literature review of the epidemiology, clinical, economic and humanistic burden in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis”
    Olga Ovcinnikova, Kayla Engelbrecht, Meenu Verma, Rishabh Pandey, Edith Morais
    Respiratory Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Global Epidemiology of HPV-Associated Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis and Effect of Vaccination
    RY Seedat, FG Dikkers
    Future Virology.2022; 17(5): 265.     CrossRef
COVID-19: Perspective
COVID-19 herd immunity in the absence of a vaccine: an irresponsible approach
Jade Khalife, Derrick VanGennep
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021012.   Published online February 3, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021012
  • 27,083 View
  • 390 Download
  • 12 Web of Science
  • 12 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread rapidly throughout the human population, the concept of “herd immunity” has attracted the attention of both decision-makers and the general public. In the absence of a vaccine, this entails that a large proportion of the population will be infected to develop immunity that would limit the severity and/or extent of subsequent outbreaks. We argue that adopting such an approach should be avoided for several reasons. There are significant uncertainties about whether achieving herd immunity is possible. If possible, achieving herd immunity would impose a large burden on society. There are gaps in protection, making it difficult to shield the vulnerable. It would defeat the purpose of avoiding harm caused by the virus. Lastly, dozens of countries are showing that containment is possible.
Summary
Key Message
Pursuing herd immunity without a vaccine involves numerous uncertainties, is costly in terms of lives and disease, is ineffective, and - being unethical and uncompassionate - is not compatible with human dignity and development.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Beliefs and barriers to COVID-19 vaccination among older people with a history of stroke in Indonesia: a descriptive qualitative study
    Suzanna Suzanna, Aris Citra Wisuda, Arena Lestari, Gunawan Irianto
    Healthcare in Low-resource Settings.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Mathematical assessment of the roles of age heterogeneity and vaccination on the dynamics and control of SARS-CoV-2
    Binod Pant, Abba B. Gumel
    Infectious Disease Modelling.2024; 9(3): 828.     CrossRef
  • Assessing the Impact of Risk Factors on Vaccination Uptake Policy Decisions Using a Bayesian Network (BN) Approach
    Hafiz Waqar Abbas, Zaman Sajid, Uyen Dao
    Systems.2024; 12(5): 167.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19, Herd Immunity and Vaccine
    Sim Sai Tin, Viroj Wiwanitkit
    International Journal of Preventive Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Analyzing natural herd immunity media discourse in the United Kingdom and the United States
    Marco Zenone, Jeremy Snyder, Alessandro Marcon, Timothy Caulfield, Veena Sriram
    PLOS Global Public Health.2022; 2(1): e0000078.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of science advice during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden
    Nele Brusselaers, David Steadson, Kelly Bjorklund, Sofia Breland, Jens Stilhoff Sörensen, Andrew Ewing, Sigurd Bergmann, Gunnar Steineck
    Humanities and Social Sciences Communications.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Is COVID-19 Herd Immunity Influenced by Population Densities of Cities?
    Yuval Arbel, Yifat Arbel, Amichai Kerner, Miryam Kerner
    Sustainability.2022; 14(16): 10286.     CrossRef
  • Effective strategies against COVID-19 and the importance of infection sequelae
    Jade Khalife
    Global Health Research and Policy.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Psychological aspects of COVID-19 vaccine in Indian population. Are we still hesitant?
    Raza Shaheed, Sourya Acharya, Samarth Shukla, Monika Kesarwani, Neema Acharya
    Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.2022; 11(8): 4280.     CrossRef
  • Herd immunity: challenges and the way forward in Korea
    Jiyoung Oh, Sohyun Kim, Boyeong Ryu, Minjoung Shin, Bryan Inho Kim
    Epidemiology and Health.2021; 43: e2021054.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 vaccine uptake and vaccine hesitancy in Indian patients with cancer
    Vanita Noronha, George Abraham, Suresh Kumar Bondili, Annu Rajpurohit, Rakesh P. Menon, Shreya Gattani, Mehak Trikha, Rajanigandha Tudu, Kishore Kumar Kota, Ajay Kumar Singh, Prahalad Elamarthi, Goutam Santosh Panda, Rahul Kumar Rai, Madala Ravi Krishna,
    Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment.2021; 4(2): 211.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in India
    Mihir Tusharbhai Dani, Arjun Gurmeet Singh, Pankaj Chaturvedi
    Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment.2021; 4(3): 437.     CrossRef
Original Articles
Why do some Korean parents hesitate to vaccinate their children?
Kyujin Chang, Soon Young Lee
Epidemiol Health. 2019;41:e2019031.   Published online July 9, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2019031
  • 29,384 View
  • 308 Download
  • 18 Web of Science
  • 28 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Vaccinations for infectious diseases are opposed despite their achievement, and this opposition has recently been revealed in Korea. However, research in Korea has not been vigorous. The authors studied why some Korean parents hesitate to vaccinate their children by applying the health belief model.
METHODS
Parents who hesitate to vaccinate and parents who do not were surveyed in alternative education preschools and elementary schools. They were classified into four types of hesitancy and statistically compared.
RESULTS
Among the 129 subjects, 43 vaccinated without hesitancy, 20 vaccinated on time with hesitancy, 32 vaccinated with a deliberate delay of one month or longer, and 34 did not vaccinate. Vaccination increased with an increase in the awareness that severe outcomes can occur when unvaccinated. Concerns about adverse reactions from vaccinations or direct/indirect experiences affected refusal. Furthermore, perceptions of the lack of meaningfulness of vaccinations, distrust of policy and safety management, influence of leaders or activists in joined organizations, and experts of Korean traditional or alternative medicine affected refusal. Explanations by doctors, text messages and mails from institutions, and concerns about disadvantages caused by not complying with government policies increased vaccination.
CONCLUSIONS
The reasons for vaccine hesitancy and acceptance were similar to the results of international research. Health authorities and professionals should communicate sufficiently and appropriately with hesitant parents and find ways to rationally resolve social conflicts. However, this sample was small and there is little Korean research, so more in-depth and diverse researchs are needed.
Summary
Korean summary
한국에도 있는 일부 소아 예방접종 망설임 부모들이 왜 그렇게 생각하고 결정하는지, 대안교육시설에서 129명을 대상으로 연구하였다. 예방접종 부작용 우려나 경험, 의미 격하, 정책 및 안전관리 불신, 관련 활동가, 한의학이나 대체의학 전문가가 미접종에 영향을 주었다. 보건관계자들은 망설임 부모들과 충분하고 적절한 의사소통을 하여, 사회적 갈등을 합리적으로 해소하는 방안을 찾아야 한다.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The effect of a solution-focused approach on reducing of vaccine refusal
    M. Kaplan, B. Erci
    Vacunas.2026; 27(1): 500489.     CrossRef
  • Pertussis Outbreak Investigation in a Korean Middle School: Insights on Tdap and Td Vaccination
    Seonyu Park, Kyujin Chang, Soon Young Lee, Yeong Jun Ju, Jung Yeon Heo
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of a solution-focused approach on reducing of vaccine refusal
    M. Kaplan, B. Erci
    Vacunas (English Edition).2026; 27(1): 500489.     CrossRef
  • Çocukluk Çağı Asılarının Kabulünü Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: Aşı Reddi
    Reyhan Aydın Doğan, Yılmaz Altuner, Yıldız Öğütücü, Nazlıcan Aydoğdu, Zeynep Ellialtıoğlu, İrem Tunç, Hilal Zorlu
    Sağlık Akademisi Kastamonu.2024; 9(2): 288.     CrossRef
  • Ideological differences in COVID-19 vaccine intention: the effects of trust in the healthcare system, in complementary and alternative medicine, and perceived threat from the disease
    Monika Lamot, Katja Kerman, Andrej Kirbiš
    Frontiers in Psychology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the Attitudes of Vaccination-hesitant Parents Towards Complementary and Alternative Medicine
    Hilal Koyuncu, Ayşegül Bükülmez, Ayşe Oflu
    Güncel Pediatri.2024; 22(1): 58.     CrossRef
  • Toplumdaki Bireylerin Aşı Uygulamalarına Karşı Tutumları ile Covid-19 Salgını Sonrası Tutumlarının Belirlenmesi
    Berna BAYIR, Fatma Nur YAĞIZ, Rabia ÇAT, Gülnur ÇAT
    Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi.2023; 7(1): 38.     CrossRef
  • Gap between cognitions and behaviors among children’s guardians of influenza vaccination: The role of social influence and vaccine-related knowledge
    Jing Wu, Zheng Wei, Yingying Yang, Xiu Sun, Siyi Zhan, Qijing Jiang, Chuanxi Fu
    Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Maternal perceptions of vaccinating boys against human papillomavirus (HPV) in Seoul, South Korea: A descriptive exploratory qualitative study
    Jihye Choi, Christine Markham, Irene Tamí-Maury, Sooyoun Kim, Paula Cuccaro, Omar Enzo Santangelo
    PLOS ONE.2023; 18(3): e0282811.     CrossRef
  • VACCINE HESITANCY OF PARENTS AND FAMILY MEMBERS OF CHILDREN AND THE CONTROL OF IMMUNOPREVENTABLE DISEASES
    Izabella da Silva Viana, Emília Gallindo Cursino, Priscila da Silva Miranda, Liliane Faria da Silva, Maria Estela Diniz Machado
    Cogitare Enfermagem.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • HESITAÇÃO VACINAL DE PAIS E FAMILIARES DE CRIANÇAS E O CONTROLE DAS DOENÇAS IMUNOPREVENÍVEIS
    Izabella da Silva Viana, Emília Gallindo Cursino, Priscila da Silva Miranda, Liliane Faria da Silva, Maria Estela Diniz Machado
    Cogitare Enfermagem.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • VACILACIÓN VACUNAL ENTRE LOS PADRES Y FAMILIARES DE LOS NIÑOS Y LA LUCHA CONTRA LAS ENFERMEDADES INMUNOPREVENIBLES
    Izabella da Silva Viana, Emília Gallindo Cursino, Priscila da Silva Miranda, Liliane Faria da Silva, Maria Estela Diniz Machado
    Cogitare Enfermagem.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Hesitação vacinal em crianças menores de cinco anos: revisão de escopo
    Eugênio Barbosa de Melo Júnior, Priscilla Dantas Almeida, Beatriz Mourão Pereira, Paulo de Tarso Moura Borges, Elucir Gir, Telma Maria Evangelista de Araújo
    Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Vaccination hesitation in children under five years of age: a scoping review
    Eugênio Barbosa de Melo Júnior, Priscilla Dantas Almeida, Beatriz Mourão Pereira, Paulo de Tarso Moura Borges, Elucir Gir, Telma Maria Evangelista de Araújo
    Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • An Integrative Review of the Influence on Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Adherence among Adolescents
    Hyewon Shin, Sunyeob Choi, Ju-Young Lee
    Healthcare.2023; 11(18): 2534.     CrossRef
  • Vaccine hesitancy and emerging parental norms: A qualitative study in Taiwan
    Chen‐I Kuan
    Sociology of Health & Illness.2022; 44(3): 692.     CrossRef
  • A systematic literature review to clarify the concept of vaccine hesitancy
    Daphne Bussink-Voorend, Jeannine L. A. Hautvast, Lisa Vandeberg, Olga Visser, Marlies E. J. L. Hulscher
    Nature Human Behaviour.2022; 6(12): 1634.     CrossRef
  • Models of determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in non-pregnant and pregnant population: Review of current literature”
    Lauren Tostrud, Julia Thelen, Anna Palatnik
    Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A content analysis of government social media platforms in England and Italy during 2020–2021
    Giulia Sesa, Katarzyna Czabanowska, Antonio Giangreco, John Middleton
    Public Health in Practice.2022; 4: 100345.     CrossRef
  • Çocukluk Çağı Aşı Tereddüdü ile Karşılaşma Sıklığı, Nedenleri ve Çözüm Önerileri: Samsun İli Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerindeki Sağlık Çalışanlarıyla Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
    Mehtap ALTUNTAŞ, Mustafa Kürşat ŞAHİN
    Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.2022; 16(4): 761.     CrossRef
  • Physical and mental health characteristics related to trust in and intention to receive COVID-19 vaccination: results from a Korean community-based longitudinal study
    Ye Jin Jeon, Youngrong Lee, Ji Su Yang, Young Su Park, Sun Jae Jung
    Epidemiology and Health.2022; 44: e2022064.     CrossRef
  • Paradoxical health care utilization patterns among children in Korea who did not receive mandatory pneumococcal vaccination
    Sangho Sohn, Kwan Hong, Hari Hwang, Byung Chul Chun
    Vaccine.2021; 39(7): 1096.     CrossRef
  • Differential Demographic and Clinical Characteristics between MMR Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Children in South Korea: A Nationwide Study
    Dongwon Yoon, Juhwan Kim, Juyoung Shin
    Vaccines.2021; 9(6): 653.     CrossRef
  • Determinants of parental hesitancy to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 in China
    Mei-Xian Zhang, Xiao-Qing Lin, Yan Chen, Tao-Hsin Tung, Jian-Sheng Zhu
    Expert Review of Vaccines.2021; 20(10): 1339.     CrossRef
  • Aşı Karşıtı Tutumların Sosyokültürel ve Dinî Boyutları
    Talip DEMİR
    Tevilat.2021; 2(2): 271.     CrossRef
  • Examination of parents refusing administration of childhood vaccinations: Turkey example
    Caner Baysan, Seher Palanbek Yavaş, Mehmet Uğur Karabat
    CHILD`S HEALTH.2021; 16(3): 218.     CrossRef
  • Mapping global trends in vaccine confidence and investigating barriers to vaccine uptake: a large-scale retrospective temporal modelling study
    Alexandre de Figueiredo, Clarissa Simas, Emilie Karafillakis, Pauline Paterson, Heidi J Larson
    The Lancet.2020; 396(10255): 898.     CrossRef
  • World Outbreak Trend of Infectious Diseases with Surveillance
    Soo-Yeon Choi, Jung Heon Kim, Jiyeon Kim, Eung-Soo Hwang
    Journal of Bacteriology and Virology.2019; 49(3): 141.     CrossRef
Incidence of varicella in children in Jeju-do, Korea, 2005-2016: age-period-cohort analysis
Jinhee Kim, Ji-Eun Kim, Jong-Myon Bae
Epidemiol Health. 2018;40:e2018054.   Published online November 8, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2018054
  • 28,642 View
  • 224 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Although the nationwide inoculation rate of varicella vaccine was approximately 95% in Korean children recently, the number of notified varicella cases is unexpectedly continuously increasing till now. To suggest some hypotheses regarding this discrepancy, an age-period-cohort (APC) analysis as a descriptive epidemiology study was conducted for children residing in Jeju-do, Korea.
METHODS
The raw data were obtained from the nationwide database for insurance claim of healthcare fee provided by the National Health Insurance Service, Korea. The selection criteria were children aged 2-13 years who visited any healthcare center due to varicella from 2005 to 2016 while residing in Jeju-do. After calculating the birth cohort-specific crude incidence rates by age and year, the intrinsic estimator method was used to perform the APC analysis.
RESULTS
As the annual crude incidence rates decreased with increasing age between 2005 and 2016, the age and period effects also decreased. The intrinsic estimator coefficients suggesting the cohort effect shifted from positive to negative in 2011, the starting year of free varicella vaccine program in Jeju-do.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggested that inoculated varicella vaccines have preventive effects. However, further studies to evaluate waning immunity would be needed.
Summary
Korean summary
2011년 이후 생후 12-15개월 유아에게 수두백신 무상접종을 시행해 오고 있는 제주도에 있어서, 수두발생 신고건수가 증가하는 괴리 현상에 있어, 국민건강보험공단의 수진자료를 확보하여 연령-기간-코호트 (age-period-cohort, APC) 분석을 시행하였다. 그 결과 연령이 증가하고 연도가 최근으로 올수록 수두 발생에 대한 연령과 기간효과는 점점 감소하는 반면, 수두백신 무상접종이 시작된 2011년을 전후해서 코호트 효과는 양에서 음으로 전환하였다. 따라서 현재 접종하고 있는 수두 백신은 수두발생을 예방하는 효과가 있으며, 돌발수두 발생은 이차백신 실패로 볼 수 있다.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The comparison of seroconversion rates among different varicella vaccines administered Turkish children; MAV/06 and vOka
    Zuhal Umit, Zumrut Sahbudak Bal, Aysin Zeytinoglu, Tansu Gulbahar Aydogan, Ozlem Bag, Gizem Guner Ozenen, Ferda Ozkinay, Zafer Kurugol
    Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics.2021; 17(11): 4190.     CrossRef
  • Recent increase in pertussis incidence in Korea: an age-period-cohort analysis
    Chanhee Kim, Seonju Yi, Sung-il Cho
    Epidemiology and Health.2021; 43: e2021053.     CrossRef
  • Incidence of Scarlet Fever in Children in Jeju Province, Korea, 2002-2016: An Age-period-cohort Analysis
    Jinhee Kim, Ji-Eun Kim, Jong-Myon Bae
    Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2019; 52(3): 188.     CrossRef
Epidemiologic Investigation
Vaccination history in elementary school children enrolled in the varicella epidemic investigations held in Jeju-si, Korea in the first half of 2017
Hyun-Suk Oh, Jong-Myon Bae
Epidemiol Health. 2017;39:e2017053.   Published online November 13, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2017053
  • 25,995 View
  • 207 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The reported incidence rate of varicella infection in Jeju-do is higher compared with the national average. This study aimed to examine varicella vaccination history and evaluate clinical manifestation of varicella cases in Jeju-do.
METHODS
Based on the guideline suggested by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC), two epidemic investigations for varicella infection were conducted in the first half of 2017. The history of varicella vaccination was confirmed using the Integrated Control System for Diseases and Health operated by the KCDC.
RESULTS
Out of a total of 60 elementary school children as the study subjects, all had been previously vaccinated against varicella. Twenty cases (33%) showed mild clinical manifestations and no complications.
CONCLUSIONS
As the government of Jeju-do has supplied a single-labeled vaccine since 2011, there is a need to evaluate the type of vaccination failure such as primary or secondary.
Summary
Korean summary
수두 발생 신고률에 있어 제주도는 전국에 비해 높은 수준을 보이고 있지만, 수둑접종률은 전국과 유사한 수준이다. 이에 2017년 상반기 수두 집단발생에 대응한 2건의 역학조사를 수행한 결과, 33%에서 돌발수두 임상 증상을 보였고 모두 백신 접종력이 있었다. 높은 발생 신고률은 지역사회 소아 개원의들의 높은 신고에 의한 것으로 유추할 수 있으며, 수두 백신 실패에 대한 추후 조사가 필요하다.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Outbreaks due to measles, mumps, rubella and varicella in schools: a systematic review of the literature
    Snezana Medic, Evgnosia Effraimidou, Dimitrios C. Cassimos, Ioanna Irakleidou, Helena C. Maltezou
    Vaccine.2026; 79: 128470.     CrossRef
  • Seroprevalence and molecular characteristics of varicella-zoster virus infection in Chinese children
    Lin Luan, Xiaochen Shen, Jing Qiu, Yang Jing, Jingqi Zhang, Jie Wang, Jun Zhang, Chen Dong
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cost-effectiveness analysis of universal varicella vaccination in Turkey using a dynamic transmission model
    Lara J. Wolfson, Vincent J. Daniels, Matthew Pillsbury, Zafer Kurugöl, Cuneyt Yardimci, Jeffrey Kyle, Ener Cagri Dinleyici, Georges M.G.M. Verjans
    PLOS ONE.2019; 14(8): e0220921.     CrossRef
  • Incidence of varicella in children in Jeju-do, Korea, 2005-2016: age-period-cohort analysis
    Jinhee Kim, Ji-Eun Kim, Jong-Myon Bae
    Epidemiology and Health.2018; 40: e2018054.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of sero-epidemiological characteristics of varicella in healthy children in Jiangsu Province, China
    Lei Zhang, Wang Ma, Yuanbao Liu, Yong Wang, Xiang Sun, Ying Hu, Xiuying Deng, Peishan Lu, Fenyang Tang, Zhiguo Wang, Minghao Zhou
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
Original Articles
Seroprevalence of measles and mumps antibody among preschool children in Korea, according to their vaccination history.
Jung Hwa Lee, Geun Ryang Bae, Chang Sik Park, Yoon Seok Chung, Young A Kang, Hyun Woo Han, Chun Kang
Korean J Epidemiol. 2008;30(1):34-40.   Published online June 30, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/kje.2008.30.1.34
  • 65,535 View
  • 52 Download
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
PURPOSE
To maintain measles elimination status, we evaluated the seropositivity of measles and mumps according to time interval since the first or second dose of MMR in children aged 4 to 6 years, who are starting communal life. MATERIALS AND METHOD: 2,447 children aged 4 to 6 years were enrolled at 251 public health centers over the period of March to May 2007. Subjects were verified their date of MMR vaccination and then their blood was sampled for serologic test. Measles and mumps IgG antibody was tested by ELISA at Korea CDC.
RESULTS
Vaccination coverage was 99.9% in the first dose, 64.9% in the second dose regardless of gender. Seropositivity of measles and mumps was 95.7%, 85.5% in the first dose and 98.7%, 98.1% in the second dose, respectively. The seropositivity of measles was 88.1% in 6-year-olds who did not receive the second dose of MMR. As time since receipt, seropositivity of measles tended to decrease over time and was 93.3% in vaccinees over 48 months after the first dose.
CONCLUSION
A first dose MMR at 12-15 months cannot lead to herd immunity. More public information is needed to encourage second dose vaccination before admission to day-care center or kindergarten.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Universal measles-mumps-rubella vaccination to new recruits and the incidence of mumps in the military
    Jong Youn Moon, Jaehun Jung, Kyungmin Huh
    Vaccine.2017; 35(32): 3913.     CrossRef
  • Resurgence of Mumps in Korea
    Sun Hee Park
    Infection & Chemotherapy.2015; 47(1): 1.     CrossRef
Evaluation of Mumps Vaccine Effectiveness by outbreak investigation in one kindergarten in Ulsan city, 2006.
Kyo Hyun Kim, Heran Ki, Bo Youl Choi, Chang Hui Kim, Dong Han Lee, Un Young Ko, Moran Ki
Korean J Epidemiol. 2008;30(1):110-118.   Published online June 30, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/kje.2008.30.1.110
  • 65,535 View
  • 44 Download
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
PURPOSE
Despite of the high MMR vaccine coverage, the mumps outbreaks is continued in most developed countries including South Korea. To evaluate the effectiveness of MMR vaccine, we carried out mumps outbreak investigation in one kindergarten.
METHODS
In Dec. 2006, a mumps outbreak occurred in a kindergarten. Retrospective study was conducted among 212 respondents (205 children and 7 teachers) in 230 study populations (study participation rate: 92%). To define mumps cases, a questionnaire survey, telephone survey, and mumps antibody test with serum were conducted. MMR vaccination status was verified in 198 children using children's vaccination records, National Immunization Registration System and/or medical records of private clinics or hospitals.
RESULTS
Over 90% children had received one dose of MMR vaccination. However, 2nd dose of MMR vaccination rate was 45.1%. Attack rates of mumps were 22.9%(22/96) for one dose MMR vaccinees and 3.3%(3/92) for two doses vaccinees. MMR vaccine effectiveness of two doses over one dose was 86%. Mumps attack rate in one dose MMR vaccinees increased by the duration after MMR vaccination. Among all mumps cases, asymptomatic mumps infection identified by IgM positive or IgG over 10,000mIU/ml was 58% (26/ 45).
CONCLUSIONS
MMR one dose coverage rate was high(92.1%), but the second dose vaccination rate was very low (45.1%). Mumps attack rate was increased by the duration after the MMR vaccination, and the maximum effectiveness of one dose MMR vaccination was low (77.1%). Therefore, to prevent mumps outbreaks in the kindergarten, second MMR vaccination should be scheduled in 4 years old age, and the coverage rate should be increased over 90%. Further studies for the effectiveness of MMR two doses after 5 and more years are needed.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Differential Demographic and Clinical Characteristics between MMR Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Children in South Korea: A Nationwide Study
    Dongwon Yoon, Juhwan Kim, Juyoung Shin
    Vaccines.2021; 9(6): 653.     CrossRef
  • Seroprevalence of mumps in healthcare workers in South Korea
    Sun-Kyung Kim, Jiwon Jung, Sun Hee Kwak, Min Jee Hong, Sung-Han Kim
    Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research.2020; 9(1): 64.     CrossRef
  • Resurgence of Mumps in Korea
    Sun Hee Park
    Infection & Chemotherapy.2015; 47(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Mumps outbreak in Incheon, Korea, 2009
    Seon Young Cho, Soo Young Lee, Jin Han Kang, Hui Seung Hwang
    Korean Journal of Pediatrics.2010; 53(1): 67.     CrossRef
  • Mumps Transmission Control Status and Inapparent Infection Rate among Middle and High School Students during the 2007-2008 Mumps Outbreak in Daegu
    Kyo Hyun Kim, Chang Hwi Kim, Bo Youl Choi, Un Yeong Go, Dong Han Lee, Moran Ki
    Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2009; 42(6): 408.     CrossRef
New Vaccine Technology for Control of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases.
Jin Han Kang
Korean J Epidemiol. 2006;28(1):41-46.
  • 65,535 View
  • 90 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
Although the development of vaccines has been one of the most important contributions of immunology to medicine and public health, and despite vaccination having been proven as the most effective and cheapest medical practice to prevent infectious diseases, infectious diseases still remain the main cause of human deaths and new infectious diseases continue to emerge. Furthermore, we face an unprecedented succession of new pathogens able to jump species barriers and infect humans, even as we continue to be frustrated in our efforts to control devastating diseases such as HIV, malaria and tuberculosis. Hence the need to develop new vaccines and improve existing vaccines. Other challenges for scientists include rapid identification and response to emerging diseases and successful intervention in re-emerging infectious diseases. Remarkable progress in molecular biology and biotechnology is making possible the development and improvement of new and old vaccines. Recombinant DNA technology, genetic attenuation of viral and bacterial pathogens and their use as vectors for heterologous proteins, naked DNA vaccines and peptide vaccines represent the most popular approaches hitherto adopted. Reverse genetics and reverse vaccinology are now used to investigate new vaccines. Genome-based reverse vaccinology is very useful and a major tool in vaccine development. The rapid identification of the genome sequence to new pathogens enables the speedy development of diagnostic tools as well as recombinant expression of targets for vaccine. Strengthening research and development in vaccines, including international cooperation, may be the most effective next step to control and prevent infectious diseases worldwide.
Summary
Control of Avian Influenza: Calls for International Collaboration.
Baik Lin Seong, Eun Ju Jung
Korean J Epidemiol. 2006;28(1):36-40.
  • 65,535 View
  • 19 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
The 1918 "Spanish Flu", cause of the largest causality rate ever recorded in human history with 50 million deaths, is genetically related to the current H5N1 virus, suggesting the potential emergence of H5N1 influenza as the next pandemic wave. In the process of co-infection and genetic reassortment of human and H5N1 avian influenza, the H5N1 strain could acquire human viral gene(s) to ignite the human to human spread, as occurred in 1957 and 1976 pandemics. All countries are vulnerable to infection as no effective vaccine has yet been developed for avian influenza. Once developed into a pandemic, the socio-economic impact of avian influenza would be enormous. In response to this danger, Korea recently proposed to establish an international consortium, the Pandemic Influenza Consortium, Korea (PICK), to emphasize close collaboration, especially among Pacific Rim countries. PICK proposes to support the following three areas: 1) international efforts in the implementation of national and regional preparedness plans through the development of epidemiological, microbiological and clinical tools and mechanisms for early detection of pandemic influenza epidemics, 2) the development and clinical evaluation of pandemic influenza candidate vaccine, and 3) the establishment of appropriate mechanisms to ensure the capacity to produce, the availability of supply, and the rational distribution of pandemic influenza vaccines to countries suffering from or at high risk of experiencing outbreaks. Finally, the effort is expected to serve as a basis for initiating, establishing and strengthening the international infrastructure for investigation of the infection mechanism and devising prophylactic and therapeutic responses to various infectious diseases.
Summary
Review
Epidemiology and Prevention Strategies of Rabies in Korea.
Joong Bok Lee, Hun Jae Lee, Bang Hun Hyun, Ji Hwan Bang, Kyung Ok Nam, Young Eui Jeong, Young Hack Shin
Korean J Epidemiol. 2005;27(1):53-68.
  • 65,535 View
  • 55 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
Rabies is a uniformly fatal encephalitis and cannot be treated, therefore efforts must be focused on preventing the disease. The incidence of rabies in humans and animals has decreased with the introduction of rabies vaccination for animals since the early 1950s in Korea. There was no rabies occurrence either in human or animal for 8 years from 1985 to 1992. However, a case of animal rabies recurred in 1993. Since then, rabies endemic areas were expanded into 17 counties near the demilitarized zone, and 6 human cases were reported from the endemic areas of animal rabies. According to epidemic studies, wild raccoon dogs were suspected to be the transmission source of rabies in dogs, domestic animals, and other wild animals, which resulted in human rabies. Rabies prevention strategies were aimed at the animals capable of transmitting rabies or vaccination for the high risk group and postexposure prophylaxis for the bitten patients. Unfortunately, these activities were not conducted appropriately and substantially. All rabies victims were either not treated or did not receive timely and appropriate postexposure treatment. Prevention of rabies can only be achieved by securing political and financial support for an effective rabies program. Key activities for rabies prevention should include changing current public perception regarding rabies, strengthening surveillance for the exposed person to suspected rabid animals, and laboratory-based rabies surveillance.
Summary
Epidemiol Health : Epidemiology and Health
© Korean Society of Epidemiology.
TOP