Skip Navigation
Skip to contents

Epidemiol Health : Epidemiology and Health

OPEN ACCESS
SEARCH
Search

Search

Page Path
HOME > Search
18 "Tobacco"
Filter
Filter
Article category
Keywords
Publication year
Authors
Funded articles
Original Articles
Associations of active and passive tobacco exposure with elevated blood pressure in Korean adolescents
Hyerin Park, Hyunsuk Jeong, Hyeon Woo Yim, Sanghyuk Bae
Epidemiol Health. 2024;46:e2024028.   Published online February 13, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2024028
  • 5,264 View
  • 205 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To test the hypothesis that tobacco exposure is associated with elevated blood pressure (EBP) in Korean adolescents, and that the association is dose dependent.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study used data from the 2011-2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES). Subjects were eligible if they were 13-18 years at the time of participation in KNHANES. Tobacco exposure was defined by urine cotinine level. The main outcomes were EBP and hypertension. Statistical analyses were conducted using SAS version 9.4 with appropriate sampling weights to account for the complex survey design, stratification, and cluster variable.
RESULTS
A total of 2,518 adolescents was included in the analysis, representing 2.5 million Korean adolescents. The mean± standard deviation participant age was 15.3±1.7 years, and 55.3% were male. The number of participants with active tobacco smoke exposure was 283 (11.2%), passive tobacco smoke exposure was 145 (5.8%), and no smoke exposure was 2,090 (83.0%). Analysis of the 2,518 urine-cotinine-verified participants showed that tobacco smoke exposure had a significant effect on EBP: with an odds of elevated blood pressure of 3.00 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14 to 7.89). The odds of hypertension were 3.61 (95% CI, 1.13 to 11.49) in the active smoking group compared with the no tobacco exposure group after adjustment for potential confounders.
CONCLUSIONS
It is necessary to present a range of public health plans to reduce tobacco exposure that affects adolescents’ blood pressure, and further research with a larger number of participants using urine cotinine as a biomarker is needed.
Summary
Korean summary
청소년기의 고혈압은 성인기의 다양한 질병을 초래할 수 있는 주요 원인이다. 흡연과 고혈압의 관계에 관한 다수의 연구들이 있으나 상반된 결과들이 보고되었고 국내 청소년의 직 간접적 담배 연기 노출과 혈압과의 연관성은 명확하게 밝혀지지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 한국 청소년에서 담배 연기 노출과 혈압 상승과의 연관성을 확인해 보고자 하였다. 연구 결과 직접 흡연을 하는 청소년들은 비흡연군에 비하여 3배 이상 혈압이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.
Key Message
Hypertension during adolescence is a leading cause of disease in adults. The relationship between smoking and hypertension has been studied, but findings between studies are conflicting. Nicotine is a known toxin, but the relationship between active and passive smoking and blood pressure in adolescents is not clear. So that we tested and found adolescents in Korea who were active smokers showed over 3-fold increased risk of elevated blood pressure.
Smoking-attributable mortality among Korean adults in 2019
Yeun Soo Yang, Keum Ji Jung, Heejin Kimm, Sunmi Lee, Sun Ha Jee
Epidemiol Health. 2024;46:e2024011.   Published online December 19, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2024011
  • 2,973 View
  • 115 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Tobacco use ranks among the leading preventable causes of death worldwide. This study was conducted to calculate the mortality rate attributable to smoking in Korea for 2019 and to highlight the importance of tracking and monitoring smoking-related deaths for public health purposes.
METHODS
Population attributable risk (PAR) was used to estimate the number of deaths related to smoking in 2019. PAR percentages were applied to the estimated mortality figures for various diseases, with PAR determined based on relative risk (RR). Levin’s formula was used to calculate PAR, and RR was adjusted for age and alcohol consumption using Cox proportional hazards regression model to derive disease-specific regression coefficients. The analysis incorporated previously determined smoking rates from 1985, and use rates of novel tobacco products were not considered.
RESULTS
The findings revealed a total of 67,982 smoking-attributable deaths in Korea in 2019, 56,993 of which occurred in men and 11,049 in women. The PAR of smoking for various causes of death in adult men was highest for lung cancer at 74.9%, followed by pneumonia (29.4%), ischemic heart disease (42.3%), and stroke (30.2%). For women, the PAR for smoking-related death was highest for lung cancer (19.9%), followed by stroke (7.6%), pneumonia (5.7%), and ischemic heart disease (9.1%).
CONCLUSIONS
In countries experiencing rapid fluctuations in smoking rates, including Korea, regular studies on smoking-related mortality is imperative. Furthermore, it is necessary to investigate smoking-related deaths, including the prevalence of novel tobacco product use, to accurately gauge the risks associated with emerging tobacco products.
Summary
Korean summary
이 연구는 2019년 한국에서 흡연으로 인한 사망률을 계산하고 공중 보건 목적을 위한 흡연 관련 사망추적 및 모니터링의 중요성을 강조합니다. 연구 결과, 2019년 한국에서 흡연으로 인해 총 67,982명이 사망했으며, 이 중 남성이 56,993명, 여성이 11,049명이었습니다. 특히 남성의 경우 폐암(74.9%), 여성의 경우 폐암(19.9%)에서 흡연으로 인한 사망 위험이 가장 높게 나타났습니다.
Key Message
This study analyzed deaths attributable to smoking in Korea in 2019, revealing that a total of 67,982 individuals lost their lives due to smoking. Among these, 56,993 were men and 11,049 were women, with the highest smoking-related mortality rate observed in men due to lung cancer at 74.9%, and in women due to lung cancer at 19.9%. Through these findings, this research emphasizes the importance of tracking and monitoring smoking-related deaths for public health.
Tobacco consumption, sales, and output as monitoring indicators in the era of the tobacco endgame: a Korean example
Hana Kim, Hee-kyoung Nam, Heewon Kang
Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023030.   Published online February 27, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023030
  • 5,834 View
  • 159 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The consumption, sales, and output of tobacco products each suggest different areas of intervention for tobacco control. In the era of the tobacco endgame, as increasingly stronger supply-side measures are implemented, multifaceted indicators that assess both supply and/or demand are required. We aimed to estimate the consumption of cigarette and heated tobacco products (HTPs) and sought agreement between the various indicators.
METHODS
The annual cigarette and HTP consumption in 2014-2020 was calculated using the frequency and intensity of cigarette use from representative surveys of adults and adolescents by sex and age. Sales and output data were acquired from governmental sources. Spearman correlation coefficients and Bland–Altman plots were used to compare the indicators.
RESULTS
Tobacco output, cigarette sales, and cigarette consumption were greatest in 2014. The HTP consumption calculated for 2020 was 292.28 million packs. Cigarette consumption and sales correlated significantly, as did tobacco output and tobacco sales. A Bland–Altman plot comparing the difference between cigarette consumption and sales showed that this difference was largest in 2014, immediately before cigarette prices increased. With the exception of a single year, all cigarette consumption values were within the limits of agreement for cigarette sales and tobacco output.
CONCLUSIONS
Our analyses showed agreement between demand-side (tobacco consumption) and supply-side (sales and output) indicators. We recommend using all indicators to monitor the impacts of tobacco control on both demand and supply sides. The systematic use of various indicators is critical to achieve the end of the tobacco epidemic.
Summary
Korean summary
공급 제한 중심의 담배 종결전 정책 채택을 고려하는 국가가 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라, 흡연율과 같은 전통적인 지표 외에 공급 측면의 지표가 필요한 상황이다. 담배 소비량, 판매량 및 반출량을 비교 분석한 결과, 지표 간 일치도가 높았으나 정책이 강화되는 시점에 지표 간 격차가 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 담배규제 및 종결전 정책 모니터링을 위해 수요 및 공급 측면 지표 모두를 활용할 필요가 있다.
Key Message
The tobacco endgame, which aims to put an end to the tobacco epidemic once and for all, provides supply-focused measures, in addition to the traditional demand-focused measures based on MPOWER strategies. Thus, new supply-focused indicators are required to supplement the traditional demand-side indicators such as tobacco use prevalence and consumption. Our analysis showed that consumption, sales, and output were generally in good agreement. Yet, substantial gaps were identified when tobacco control measures were strengthened. Each indicator is imperfect in isolation, and we suggest to use all consumption, sales, and output indicators in the national health objectives (e.g. Health Plan 2030).

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • A Scoping Review of Behavioural Studies on Heated Tobacco Products
    Ian M Fearon, Sarah F Cordery, Martin Fitzpatrick, Sarah Weaver, Matthew Stevenson, Erika Grandolfo, Layla Malt, Keith Thompson, Thomas Nahde
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Smokeless tobacco consumption and its association with tobacco control factors in the Western Pacific Region: results from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey 2015-2019
Chandrashekhar T. Sreeramareddy, Anusha Manoharan
Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022103.   Published online November 8, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022103
  • 4,591 View
  • 101 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
We estimated the prevalence of smokeless tobacco (ST) consumption and its associations with tobacco control factors among school-going youth in 18 Western Pacific Region (WPR) countries.
METHODS
We analyzed school-based Global Youth Tobacco Survey (2014-2019) microdata from 18 WPR countries and estimated weighted prevalence rates of ST consumption, cigarette smoking, and dual use. We used multilevel binary logistic regression to examine the associations of ST consumption and dual use with demographic variables, exposure to pro-tobacco and anti-tobacco factors, national income, and MPOWER indicators.
RESULTS
Data from 58,263 school-going youth were analyzed. The prevalence of past 30-day ST consumption was highest in Kiribati (42.1%), the Marshall Islands (26.1%), Micronesia (21.3%), Palau (16.0%), and Papua New Guinea (15.2%). In adjusted multilevel models, ST consumption and dual use were significantly associated with sex, age, parental smoking, pro-tobacco factors, national income, and MPOWER score. For each unit increase in score for cessation programs, we observed approximately 1.4-fold increases in the odds of youth ST consumption (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15 to 1.66) and dual use (aOR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.86). Similarly, for each unit increase in score for health-related warnings, the odds of both ST consumption (aOR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.53) and dual use (aOR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.42) decreased by approximately 60%.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of youth ST consumption was substantial in the Pacific Islands, exceeding that of cigarette smoking in some countries. Implementing MPOWER measures for ST products could help reduce ST consumption.
Summary
Key Message
The prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption, and cigarette smoking is considerably high among the school going youth in five pacific island nations of Western Pacific Region. Exposure to pro-tobacco factors and parental smoking were positively associated with youth smokeless tobacco consumption as well as dual use (both smokeless tobacco and cigarettes smoking) Closer monitoring and strict tobacco control policies are needed to prevent further escalation of smokeless tobacco consumption.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Single, Dual, and Poly Use of Tobacco Products, and Associated Factors Among Adults in 18 Global Adult Tobacco Survey Countries During 2015–2021
    Chandrashekhar T. Sreeramareddy, Kiran Acharya, N. RamakrishnaReddy
    International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Prediction of cancer survivors’ mortality risk in Korea: a 25-year nationwide prospective cohort study
Yeun Soo Yang, Heejin Kimm, Keum Ji Jung, Seulji Moon, Sunmi Lee, Sun Ha Jee
Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022075.   Published online September 13, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022075
  • 6,915 View
  • 170 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting cancer survival and develop a mortality prediction model for Korean cancer survivors. Our study identified lifestyle and mortality risk factors and attempted to determine whether health-promoting lifestyles affect mortality.
METHODS
Among the 1,637,287 participants in the Korean Cancer Prevention Study (KCPS) cohort, 200,834 cancer survivors who were alive after cancer diagnosis were analyzed. Discrimination and calibration for predicting the 10-year mortality risk were evaluated. A prediction model was derived using the Cox model coefficients, mean risk factor values, and mean mortality from the cancer survivors in the KCPS cohort.
RESULTS
During the 21.6-year follow-up, the all-cause mortality rates of cancer survivors were 57.2% and 39.4% in men and women, respectively. Men, older age, current smoking, and a history of diabetes were high-risk factors for mortality, while exercise habits and a family history of cancer were associated with reduced risk. The prediction model discrimination in the validation dataset for both KCPS all-cause mortality and KCPS cancer mortality was shown by C-statistics of 0.69 and 0.68, respectively. Based on the constructed prediction models, when we modified exercise status and smoking status, as modifiable factors, the cancer survivors’ risk of mortality decreased linearly.
CONCLUSIONS
A mortality prediction model for cancer survivors was developed that may be helpful in supporting a healthy life. Lifestyle modifications in cancer survivors may affect their risk of mortality in the future.
Summary
Korean summary
현재 암 생존자의 사망 위험을 평가하는 데 유용한 한국형 암 생존자 사망률 예측 모델은 없습니다. 본 연구에서는 고령, 남성, 현재 흡연, 당뇨병 병력을 포함한 생활양식 요인이 사망의 고위험 요인인 반면, 운동 습관 및 암의 가족력은 사망 위험을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났습니다. 현재 흡연과 운동 습관은 사망 위험에 영향을 미치는 수정 가능한 두 가지 요소로써, 이러한 생활습관 요인으로 구성된 예측모형은 생활습관 교정을 통해 우리나라 암 생존자의 사망률을 낮출 수 있음을 시사합니다.
Key Message
Currently, there is no Korean mortality prediction model for cancer survivors that would be useful in evaluating their risk of mortality. The present study showed that lifestyle factors, including older age, male sex, current smoking, and history of diabetes were high-risk factors for mortality, while exercise habits and a family history of cancer reduced the risk of mortality. Current smoking and exercise habits are the two modifiable factors that affected the risk of mortality. The prediction model comprising these lifestyle factors implies that the risk of mortality of cancer survivors in Korea can be reduced through lifestyle modification.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • COVID-19 Mortality and Severity in Cancer Patients and Cancer Survivors
    Jae-Min Park, Hye Yeon Koo, Jae-ryun Lee, Hyejin Lee, Jin Yong Lee
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Weight maintenance and gain were significantly associated with lower risk of all-cause and cancer-related mortality in Korean adults who were newly diagnosed with cancer based on the Korean NHIS-HEALS cohort
    Yong-June Kim, Seung Park, Won Tae Kim, Yoon-Jong Bae, Yonghwan Kim, Hee-Taik Kang
    Medicine.2023; 102(47): e36184.     CrossRef
Effect of tobacco outlet density on quit attempts in Korea: a multi-level analysis of the 2015 Korean Community Health Survey
Jaehyung Kong, Sung-il Cho
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021048.   Published online August 3, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021048
  • 11,252 View
  • 332 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to examine whether the regional density of tobacco outlets in Korea was associated with the likelihood of attempting to quit among smokers
METHODS
This study was designed as a secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional study. Data from the 2015 Korean Community Health Survey and tobacco outlet registrations in 17 metropolitan cities and provinces with 254 communities in Korea were used for the analysis. In total, 41,013 current smokers (≥19 years of age) were included. Multi-level logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate regional differences associated with smokers’ attempts to quit and to evaluate the effects of individual and regional characteristics on quit attempts.
RESULTS
Higher tobacco outlet density was associated with lower odds of attempting to quit. Smokers who resided in districts with the highest tobacco outlet density were 18% less likely to attempt quitting (odds ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.70 to 0.98) than smokers who resided in the regions with the lowest tobacco outlet density (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.030).
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that quit attempts were related to community-level factors, such as tobacco outlet density, as well as other individual factors. These findings support the implementation of national policies restricting the number of tobacco outlets within communities or zones and limiting tobacco marketing in tobacco outlets.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 2015년 지역사회건강조사에 응답한 19세 이상 현재 흡연자 41,013명을 대상으로 금연 시도와 관련된 개인 수준의 요인과 지역 수준의 요인을 파악하기 위하여 다수준 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 개인 수준의 요인뿐만 아니라 거주하는 지역의 담배소매점 밀집도가 흡연자의 금연 시도와 유의한 관계가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 흡연조장환경 개선을 위한 담배 공급 감소 노력의 일환으로 지역사회 수준의 담배소매점 관리 정책이 필요하다.
Key Message
This study aimed to investigate whether the environment related to tobacco retailers impacts adult smokers’ attempts to quit smoking, for the first time in South Korea, using nationwide data on tobacco retailers and current smokers. Smokers who resided in districts with the highest tobacco outlet density were 18% less likely to attempt quitting (odds ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.70-0.98) than smokers who resided in the regions with the lowest tobacco outlet density. These findings support the implementation of national policies restricting the number of tobacco outlets within communities or zones and limiting tobacco marketing in tobacco outlets.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Association between area deprivation index and concerns to COVID-19: A multi-level analysis of individual and area factors
    Doo Woong Lee, Jieun Jang, Jaeyong Shin
    SSM - Population Health.2024; 25: 101580.     CrossRef
  • Use of geographically weighted regression models to inform retail endgame strategies in South Korea: application to cigarette and ENDS prevalence
    Heewon Kang, Eunsil Cheon, Jaeyoung Ha, Sung-il Cho
    Tobacco Control.2023; : tc-2023-058117.     CrossRef
Preventable causes of cancer in Texas by race/ethnicity: tobacco smoking
Franciska J. Gudenkauf, Aaron P. Thrift
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021046.   Published online July 13, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021046
  • 10,735 View
  • 261 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Tobacco smoking is classified as carcinogenic to humans (International Agency for Research on Cancer Group 1). We aimed to estimate the percentage and number of incident cancer cases diagnosed in Texas in 2015 that were attributable to tobacco smoking, and we examined differences in the proportions of smoking-attributable cancers between the major racial/ethnic subgroups of the population.
METHODS
We calculated population-attributable fractions for cancers attributable to tobacco smoking using prevalence data from the Texas Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and relative risks associated with smoking status from pooled analyses of cohort studies or meta-analyses. Cancer incidence data were collected from the Texas Cancer Registry.
RESULTS
We estimated that 19,000 excess cancer cases or 18.4% of all cancers diagnosed in 2015 in Texans aged ≥ 25 years were caused by tobacco smoking. Males had a higher overall proportion of cancers attributable to tobacco smoking than females (male, 23.3%, 11,993 excess cases; female, 13.5%, 7,006 cases). Approximately 20% of cancer cases in non-Hispanic Whites and non-Hispanic Blacks were attributable to tobacco smoking compared to 12.8% among Hispanics.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite ongoing public health campaigns combatting tobacco use, this preventable behavior still contributes significantly to cancer incidence in Texas. Racial/ethnic differences in smoking prevalence and smoking-attributable cancer incidence should be considered when designing cancer prevention programs.
Summary
Key Message
Tobacco smoking remains a major contributor to cancer burden in the United States, particularly among men, non-Hispanic whites and non-Hispanic Blacks due to historically higher smoking rates.
Substance abuse behaviors among university freshmen in Iran: a latent class analysis
Kourosh Kabir, Ali Bahari, Mohammad Hajizadeh, Hamid Allahverdipour, Mohammad Javad Tarrahi, Ali Fakhari, Hossein Ansari, Asghar Mohammadpoorasl
Epidemiol Health. 2018;40:e2018030.   Published online July 2, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2018030
  • 14,064 View
  • 211 Download
  • 7 Web of Science
  • 7 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Substance abuse behaviors among university freshmen in Iran are poorly understood. This study aimed to identify, for the first time, subgroups of university freshmen in Iran on the basis of substance abuse behaviors. Moreover, it examined the effects of socio-demographic characteristics on membership in each specific subgroup.
METHODS
Data for the study were collected cross-sectionally in December 2013 and January 2014 from 4 major cities in Iran: Tabriz, Qazvin, Karaj, and Khoramabad. A total of 5,252 first-semester freshmen were randomly selected using a proportional cluster sampling methodology. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed to identify subgroups of students on the basis of substance abuse behaviors and to examine the effects of students’ socio-demographic characteristics on membership in each specific subgroup.
RESULTS
The LCA procedure identified 3 latent classes: the healthy group; the hookah experimenter group; and the unhealthy group. Approximately 82.8, 16.1, and 2.1% of students were classified into the healthy, hookah experimenter, and unhealthy groups, respectively. Older age, being male, and having a family member or a close friend who smoked increased the risk of membership in classes 2 and 3, compared to class 1.
CONCLUSIONS
Approximately 2.1% of freshmen exhibited unhealthy substance abuse behaviors. In addition, we found that older age, being male, and having a close friend or family member who smoked may serve as risk factors for substance abuse behaviors.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • A latent class analysis of multiple health-risk behaviours among Portuguese college students
    Regina Alves
    Revista de Estudios e Investigación en Psicología y Educación.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Current and life-time alcohol consumption in Iranian students: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Neda Soleimanvandiazar, Salah Eddin Karimi, Mahboobeh Kamali, Marziyeh Moradi, Leila Janani, Saeed Ghanbari, Azadeh Mottaghi, Mojtaba Piri, Leila Ghalichi, Marzieh Nojomi
    Journal of Substance Use.2023; 28(6): 809.     CrossRef
  • Neighborhoods and adolescent polysubstance use in Jamaica
    Amrita Gill, Erica Felker-Kantor, Colette Cunningham-Myrie, Lisa-Gaye Greene, Parris Lyew-Ayee, Uki Atkinson, Wendel Abel, Simon G. Anderson, Katherine P. Theall
    PeerJ.2023; 11: e14297.     CrossRef
  • Designing and Psychometrically Evaluating Students’ Common Types of Misconceptions about Substance Abuse Inventory: A Methodological Study
    Hamid Sharif-Nia, Tahereh Heidari, Mehran Zarghami, Azar Ramezani Toyeh, Parvin Ghasemi Mianaee, Vahid Ganji, Hamideh Azimi Lolaty
    Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Sciences.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Latent Classes of Substance Use in Young Adults – A Systematic Review
    Martha Charlotta de Jonge, Andrea Johanna Bukman, Lonneke van Leeuwen, Simone Arianne Onrust, Marloes Kleinjan
    Substance Use & Misuse.2022; 57(5): 769.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of hookah smoking among Iranian pupils and university students: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis
    Hamid Zaheri, Yosra Raziani, Nesa Khademi, Yousef Moradi, Hossein Shahriari, Reza Ghanei‐Gheshlagh
    The Clinical Respiratory Journal.2022; 16(6): 425.     CrossRef
  • Lifestyle behaviors among undergraduate nursing students: A latent class analysis
    Tassia T. S. Macedo, Fernanda C. Mussi, Debra Sheets, Ana C. P. Campos, Ana L. Patrão, Caren L. M. Freitas, Melissa A. S. Paim
    Research in Nursing & Health.2020; 43(5): 520.     CrossRef
Review
Smokeless tobacco (paan and gutkha) consumption, prevalence, and contribution to oral cancer
Kamal Niaz, Faheem Maqbool, Fazlullah Khan, Haji Bahadar, Fatima Ismail Hassan, Mohammad Abdollahi
Epidemiol Health. 2017;39:e2017009.   Published online March 9, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2017009
  • 43,217 View
  • 769 Download
  • 124 Web of Science
  • 135 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
Smokeless tobacco consumption, which is widespread throughout the world, leads to oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), which is a long-lasting and devastating condition of the oral cavity with the potential for malignancy. In this review, we mainly focus on the consumption of smokeless tobacco, such as <i>paan</i> and <i>gutkha</i>, and the role of these substances in the induction of OSMF and ultimately oral cancer. The list of articles to be examined was established using citation discovery tools provided by PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The continuous chewing of <i>paan</i> and swallowing of <i>gutkha</i> trigger progressive fibrosis in submucosal tissue. Generally, OSMF occurs due to multiple risk factors, especially smokeless tobacco and its components, such as betel quid, areca nuts, and slaked lime, which are used in <i>paan</i> and <i>gutkha</i>. The incidence of oral cancer is higher in women than in men in South Asian countries. Human oral epithelium cells experience carcinogenic and genotoxic effects from the slaked lime present in the betel quid, with or without areca nut. Products such as 3-(methylnitrosamino)-proprionitrile, nitrosamines, and nicotine initiate the production of reactive oxygen species in smokeless tobacco, eventually leading to fibroblast, DNA, and RNA damage with carcinogenic effects in the mouth of tobacco consumers. The metabolic activation of nitrosamine in tobacco by cytochrome P450 enzymes may lead to the formation of N-nitrosonornicotine, a major carcinogen, and micronuclei, which are an indicator of genotoxicity. These effects lead to further DNA damage and, eventually, oral cancer.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Understanding dental practitioners' knowledge and practices of smokeless tobacco: South Texas Oral Health Network study
    Rahma Mungia, Jonathan A.L. Gelfond, Eden J. Valenzuela, Caitlin E. Sangdahl, Melanie Taverna, Moshtaqh R. Farokhi
    Patient Education and Counseling.2025; 130: 108448.     CrossRef
  • Hindi Translation of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) Questionnaire and its Validation for Oral Submucous Fibrosis Patients: A Pilot Study
    Amanjot Kaur, Neeti Rustagi, Shruti Khatana, P. G. Gigi, Aparna Ganesan, Pravin Kumar, Kirti Chaudhry
    Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery.2024; 23(5): 1275.     CrossRef
  • Comparative analysis of two arecoline‐induced oral submucous fibrosis models
    Shijie Tang, Lanxin Jiang, Ying Zhou, Tong Zhou, Yang Peng, Shuting Zhou, Yuan Yue, Xiaoqiang Xia, Jing Li, Qianming Chen, Yuchen Jiang, Xiaodong Feng
    Oral Diseases.2024; 30(6): 3897.     CrossRef
  • Serum and salivary Cu/Zn ratio as a diagnostic biomarker for oral submucosal fibrosis: an analysis of trace metals and LOX gene variants
    Rafia Shah, Feriha Fatima Khidri, Yar Muhammad Waryah, Roohi Nigar, Amber Mahmood, Hina Shaikh, Muhammad Qasim Awan, Ikram Din Ujjan, Ali Muhammad Waryah
    BioMetals.2024; 37(2): 447.     CrossRef
  • Repercussions of Smokeless Tobacco on Buccal Mucosa: A Community Based Observational Study at a Tertiary Care Centre in Western Rajasthan
    Navneet Agarwal, Mohammed Nadeem Shaikh, Anisha Banu, Paridhi Ahuja
    Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery.2024; 76(2): 1891.     CrossRef
  • Clinical Profile and Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Tobacco Users-A Prospective Study from Jammu, India
    Yasir Abbas, Sonika kanotra, Farkhanda Majeed, Areena Anjum, Mehvish Zehra
    Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery.2024; 76(3): 2373.     CrossRef
  • Oral health related quality of life in head and neck cancer survivors within the first year following treatment: a cross-sectional study in Karachi, Pakistan
    Sana Qamar, Shafquat Rozi, Sobia Sawani, Muhammad Sohail Awan, Shabbir Akhtar, Moghira Iqbaluddin Siddiqui, Syed Akbar Abbas, Shazia Taimoor, Farhan Raza Khan
    Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Role of Cell-free DNA as a Non-Invasive Biomarker in the Detection of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    Swati Singh, Rajeev Goyal, Ashna Gupta, Ritu Singh, Mayank Singh, Parvesh Mehra, Raja Pramanik, Vaishali Suri, Shadan Ali
    Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effects of Smokeless Tobacco on Oral Health: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Mohammad Arif Khan, Deepti Chandra, Brijendra Singh, Piyush Gowrav, Sanjay Gupta, Tulika Rani Roy
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Lip, oral and oropharyngeal cancer incidence among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples: First report from Australian population‐based cancer registry, 1999–2018
    S Sethi, X Ju, R Logan, J Hedges, G Garvey, L Jamieson
    Australian Dental Journal.2024; 69(3): 182.     CrossRef
  • Comparative evaluation of GSH, total protein and albumin levels in patients using smokeless tobacco with oral precancerous and cancerous lesions
    Anand Nimbal, Bhagyashri Ahirrao, Aruna Vishwakarma, Prashanth Vishwakarma, Alisha Wani, Asmita Patil
    Medicine International.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparative evaluation of salivary, serum and urinary 8-OHdG in gutka-associated oral submucous fibrosis
    Rajesh K. Prajapati, Jaya Joshi, S Karthikeyan, Muzalda P. S. Inder
    Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology.2024; 28(1): 37.     CrossRef
  • Clinical Correlation of Types and Forms of Smokeless Forms of Quid (Tobacco and Arecanut) and Occurrence of Oro Mucosal Lesions: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Panchali Kashyap, Tarang Mehta, Chinmay Raval, Pranav V Manek, Kailash Kewalia, Yadavalli Guruprasad, Sugandha Arya
    Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.2024; 16(Suppl 3): S2182.     CrossRef
  • Clinicopathological Characteristics, Prognostic Factors, and Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated with Glossectomy: A Tertiary Oncology Center Experience
    Hadi A. Al-Hakami, Atheer Ali Al-Talhi, Bassam AlRajhi, Abdulrahman E. Alghamdi, Naif M. Aloufi, Zyad E. Raffah, Mohammad A. Alshareef, Mohammed Al-Garni
    Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery.2024; 76(5): 3845.     CrossRef
  • Heated tobacco products- well known or well understood? A national cross-sectional study on knowledge, attitudes and usage in Pakistan
    Hammad Atif Irshad, Hamzah Jehanzeb, Sajjan Raja, Umair Saleem, Wamiq Ali Shaikh, Akmal Shahzad, Atiqa Amirali, Nousheen Iqbal, Javaid Ahmed Khan
    BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Pattern of Occurrence and Severity of Oral Submucous Fibrosis Among Habitual Gutkha, Areca Nut and Pan Chewers
    Taimoor Ali Khan, Farah Irshad, Faiza Hasan, Kashif Ali Channar, Bushra Arain, Khurram Anwar
    Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences.2024; : 175.     CrossRef
  • Smokeless tobacco and periodontitis: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
    Mir Faeq Ali Quadri, Ahmed M. Kamel, Maryam Nayeem, Tenny John, Anugeetha Thacheril, Gianluca Tartaglia, Santosh Tadakamadla
    Journal of Periodontal Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cardiovascular Diseases Among Indian Older Adults: A Comprehensive Review
    Bisma Jan, Mohammad Imran Dar, Bharti Choudhary, Parakh Basist, Rahmuddin Khan, Abdulsalam Alhalmi, Youakim Saliba
    Cardiovascular Therapeutics.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Smokeless tobacco consumption among women of reproductive age: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Ramaiah Itumalla, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Shilpa Gaidhane, Quazi Syed Zahiruddin, Abhay M Gaidhane, Ahmad Neyazi, Ahmad Farshid Hassam, Prakasini Satapathy, Sarvesh Rustagi, Neelima Kukreti, Bijaya Kumar Padhi
    BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Bridging Tradition and Modernity: Embracing the Bipaddled Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap for Challenging Oral Cavity Defects in the Free Flap Era
    Vaishnavi Gattani, Shreya Pawar, Chetan Gupta, Nitin Bhola, Parmarth Sonpal, Palak Agrawal
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Rural revitalization: Uniting forces for tobacco-free communities
    Logesh Sidhu
    Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.2024; 13(8): 3484.     CrossRef
  • Primary Care Clinical Practice Guidelines and Referral Pathways for Oral and Dental Diseases in Pakistan
    Syeda Sehrish Haider, Russell Seth Martins, Rohaid Ali, Nashia Ali Rizvi, Mohsin Ali Mustafa, Salima Saleem Aamdani, Alina Abdul Rehman, Alina Pervez, Sarah Nadeem, Humayun Kaleem Siddiqui, Ali Sadiq, Syed Murtaza Raza Kazmi, Adil H. Haider, Fahad Umer
    Oral.2024; 4(3): 343.     CrossRef
  • Qualitative evaluation of trace elements in commercially packaged forms of tobacco using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
    A. Kripa Adlene Edith, Ravikiran Ongole, V. K. Unnikrishnan, U. K. Adarsh
    Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Assessment of pharyngeal airway space with MRI In oral submucous fibrosis: A cross-sectional observational study
    Ragavendiran Anandan, Krithika C. Lakshmi, Anuradha Ganesan, Yesoda AniyanK
    Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research.2024; 14(6): 669.     CrossRef
  • Capsaicin: A review of its pharmacology in gastrointestinal health and disorders
    Rajesh Sandu, Vijayapandi Pandy
    Pharmacological Research - Natural Products.2024; 5: 100103.     CrossRef
  • Oral lesions in patients consuming different types of smokeless tobacco. A literature review.
    Elsy Lorena Jerez, Ashmita Nagrani, Eduardo Arosemena
    Odontología Vital.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • An assessment of oral cancer knowledge, attitudes, and practices among undergraduate students in Malaysian dental schools
    Zheng-Wen Chan, Yi-Fan Phuan, Pei-Yun Ooi, Nuruljannah Nor Azmi, Deepak G.S. Pateel, Hui-Yeng Y. Yap, Shilpa Gunjal
    BMC Oral Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A narrative review of the biopsychosocial and health characteristics of Asian Indians in the United States: Clinical and research implications for neuropsychological functioning
    Preeti Sunderaraman, Farzin Irani, Kamini Krishnan, Jasdeep S. Hundal
    The Clinical Neuropsychologist.2023; 37(5): 911.     CrossRef
  • Decreased functional connectivity in salience network is associated with symptom severity in betel quid‐dependent chewers
    Meiting Ban, Zhongyuan Zhan, Dongcui Wang, Jincheng He, Xueling Zhu, Fulai Yuan
    Addiction Biology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Review of Intervention Strategies for Areca Nut Use Cessation
    Kriti Dhingra, Sonali Jhanjee
    Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine.2023; 45(2): 117.     CrossRef
  • Use of psychoactive substances by goods carriage drivers associated with Kerala, India
    M. S. Siva Prasad, C. V. Priyatha, Jayesh K. Joseph, E. M. Aneesh
    Traffic Injury Prevention.2023; 24(8): 663.     CrossRef
  • Gendered Pattern and Predictors of Tobacco use in India: Evidence from the Second Round of Global adult Tobacco Survey
    Gayatri Nayak, A.K. Kavitha, Nancy Satpathy, Ipsa Mohapatra, Venkatarao Epari, Jugal Kishore, Pratap K. Jena, Parimala Mohanty, Santosh Panda, Chinmay Behera, Ajit Singh
    Indian Journal of Community Medicine.2023; 48(2): 241.     CrossRef
  • A Site-Based Analysis of Relationship Between Clinicopathological Factors and Their Influence on Locoregional Recurrence in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    Jeyashanth Riju, Amit Jiwan Tirkey, Konduru Vidya, Mansi Agarwal, Malavika Babu, Reshma Kurian, Antony Paulose
    Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology.2023; 14(3): 733.     CrossRef
  • Global, regional, and national burden of oral cancer and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019
    Rongyin Sun, Weijie Dou, Weiliang Liu, Jin Li, Xiangxiang Han, Shunhang Li, Xueqian Wu, Fei Wang, Xin Xu, Jing Li
    Cancer Medicine.2023; 12(12): 13811.     CrossRef
  • Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Racial and Ethnic Survival Disparities in Oral Cavity and Laryngeal Cancer
    Yupeng Liu, Lydia Zhong, Sidharth V. Puram, Angela L. Mazul
    Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.2023; 32(5): 642.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of Nicotine Dependence Among Smokeless Tobacco Users Using the Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence Scale for Smokeless Tobacco
    Hiremath Shaashi uday, Ravikumar Pethagounder Thangavelu, Karthik Rajaram Mohan, Saramma Mathew Fenn, Kumar Appusamy
    Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The incidence of oral cavity cancer in Iran: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
    Mohammad Jokar, Negin Namavari, Seyed Alireza Moshiri, Hossein Kargar Jahromi, Vahid Rahmanian
    Cancer Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Reducing the prevalence of smokeless tobacco in an evolving tobacco landscape
    Filippos T Filippidis
    The Lancet Global Health.2023; 11(6): e817.     CrossRef
  • The global impact of tobacco control policies on smokeless tobacco use: a systematic review
    Aastha Chugh, Monika Arora, Neha Jain, Aishwarya Vidyasagaran, Anne Readshaw, Aziz Sheikh, Jappe Eckhardt, Kamran Siddiqi, Mansi Chopra, Masuma Pervin Mishu, Mona Kanaan, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Ravi Mehrotra, Rumana Huque, Sarah Forberger, Suranji Dahanaya
    The Lancet Global Health.2023; 11(6): e953.     CrossRef
  • Assessment of pH and Copper Content among Raw and Commercial Areca Nut Products, Contributing Factor towards Oral Submucous Fibrosis
    Sujatha S. Reddy, Rizwana Azmi, Shwetha Shwetha, Pavan T, Ravleen Nagi, Radhaprashanth Radhaprashanth, N Rakesh N Rakesh
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2023; 19(2): 197.     CrossRef
  • The Protective Role of Cranberries and Blueberries in Oral Cancer
    César Esquivel-Chirino, Mario Augusto Bolaños-Carrillo, Daniela Carmona-Ruiz, Ambar Lopéz-Macay, Fernando Hernández-Sánchez, Delina Montés-Sánchez, Montserrat Escuadra-Landeros, Luis Alberto Gaitán-Cepeda, Silvia Maldonado-Frías, Beatriz Raquel Yáñez-Ocam
    Plants.2023; 12(12): 2330.     CrossRef
  • The hidden menace of smokeless tobacco in Pakistan: understanding the risks and possible solutions; a letter to the editor
    Haleema Q. Abbasi, Malik O. Oduoye, Che Mbali Valentina Sih
    International Journal of Surgery: Global Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of Risk Factors in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Case Control Study
    Zohreh Dalirsani, Zahra Delavarian, Atessa Pakfetrat, Fateme Akbarzade Mahlabani, Mahboobeh Taherizadeh, Ala Ghazi
    Addiction and Health.2023; 15(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Adult Lip, Oral, and Pharyngeal Cancer in 204 Countries and Territories
    Amanda Ramos da Cunha, Kelly Compton, Rixing Xu, Rashmi Mishra, Mark Thomas Drangsholt, Jose Leopoldo Ferreira Antunes, Alexander R. Kerr, Alistair R. Acheson, Dan Lu, Lindsey E. Wallace, Jonathan M. Kocarnik, Weijia Fu, Frances E. Dean, Alyssa Pennini, H
    JAMA Oncology.2023; 9(10): 1401.     CrossRef
  • Global health trends of human papillomavirus‐associated oral cancer: A review
    Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi, Jimoh Amzat, Jacob Njideka Nwafor, Lawrence Achilles Nnyanzi
    Public Health Challenges.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Utility of salivary biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring the prognosis of nicotine addiction - A systematic review
    S. Shreya, Manoj Annamalai, Vasanti Lagali Jirge, Sneha Sethi
    Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research.2023; 13(6): 740.     CrossRef
  • Assessment of oral health status amongst the Sevayats of Shree Jagannath Temple, Puri, Odisha: A cross sectional study
    Gunjan Kumar, Samikshya Jena, Payal Dash, Yagnaseni Mandal, Alok Kumar Sethi
    National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery.2023; 14(3): 460.     CrossRef
  • Awareness of Oral Cancer Among Users of Smokeless Tobacco: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Fahd Alharbi, Hatim Alsaedi, Nader S Alharbi, Rawan Alharbi , Hussain Alharbi, Abdullah Alazmi, Fahad Alghamdi
    Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and Determinants of Substance Use Among Indigenous Tribes in South India: Findings from a Tribal Household Survey
    Anvar Sadath, Kurian Jose, KM Jiji, VT Mercy, G Ragesh, Ella Arensman
    Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities.2022; 9(1): 356.     CrossRef
  • Evidence of Association of CYP1A1 Expression in Blood Lymphocytes and Clinicopathological Variables in Oral Cancer
    R. D. Singh, K. A. Patel, J. B. Patel, S. J. Pandya, P. S. Patel
    Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry.2022; 37(2): 178.     CrossRef
  • Oral cancer risk behaviours of Indian immigrants in Australia: a qualitative study
    Nidhi Saraswat, Neeta Prabhu, Rona Pillay, Bronwyn Everett, Ajesh George
    Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health.2022; 46(1): 87.     CrossRef
  • Oral lesions associated with smokeless tobacco users in Saudi Arabia: Single center cross-sectional study
    Nada Binmadi, Louae Harere, Ajwad Mattar, Suad Aljohani, Nada Alhindi, Sarah Ali, Soulafa Almazrooa
    The Saudi Dental Journal.2022; 34(2): 114.     CrossRef
  • A standalone approach to utilize telomere length measurement as a surveillance tool in oral leukoplakia
    Jagannath Pal, Yogita Rajput, Shruti Shrivastava, Renuka Gahine, Varsha Mungutwar, Tripti Barardiya, Ankur Chandrakar, Pinaka Pani Ramakrishna, Sovna Shivani Mishra, Hansa Banjara, Vivek Choudhary, Pradeep K. Patra, Masood A. Shammas
    Molecular Oncology.2022; 16(8): 1650.     CrossRef
  • Molecular Mechanisms of Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis by Different Betel Quid Constituents—Does Fibroblast Senescence Play a Role?
    Pangzhen Zhang, Nathaniel Quan En Chua, Simon Dang, Ashleigh Davis, Kah Wee Chong, Stephen S. Prime, Nicola Cirillo
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(3): 1637.     CrossRef
  • Top 100 most-cited articles on intraoral squamous cell carcinoma and its risk factors: a bibliometric study
    Gilberto Melo, Carolina Simão Flausino, Isadora Koepp Darella, Andressa Fernanda Paza Miguel, Paulo Antônio Martins Júnior, Elena Riet Correa Rivero
    Brazilian Oral Research.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association between smokeless tobacco use and cigarette smoking amount by age
    Jin-Won Noh, Min-Hee Kim, Yejin Lee, Young Dae Kwon, Kyoung-Beom Kim, Hae-Jeung Lee, Ki-Bong Yoo
    BMC Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Toxic effects of smokeless tobacco on female reproductive health: A review
    C. Laldinsangi
    Current Research in Toxicology.2022; 3: 100066.     CrossRef
  • Smokeless tobacco use and reproductive outcomes among women: a systematic review
    A.G. Radhika, Sutapa B. Neogi, Preetha GS, Sumant Swain, Jaswinder Kaur, Jagdish Kaur
    F1000Research.2022; 10: 1171.     CrossRef
  • Are There Betel Quid Mixtures Less Harmful than Others? A Scoping Review of the Association between Different Betel Quid Ingredients and the Risk of Oral Submucous Fibrosis
    Nicola Cirillo, Peter Hung Duong, Wee Teng Er, Casey Thao Nhi Do, Manikkuwadura Eranda Harshan De Silva, Yining Dong, Sok Ching Cheong, Elizabeth Fitriana Sari, Michael J. McCullough, Pangzhen Zhang, Stephen S. Prime
    Biomolecules.2022; 12(5): 664.     CrossRef
  • Influence of E-Cigarette and Cannabis Vaping on Orthodontically Induced Tooth Movement and Periodontal Health in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Therapy
    Dimitrios Michelogiannakis, Irfan Rahman
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(11): 6518.     CrossRef
  • Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Indian Immigrants in Australia towards Oral Cancer and Their Perceived Role of General Practitioners: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Nidhi Saraswat, Bronwyn Everett, Rona Pillay, Neeta Prabhu, Amy Villarosa, Ajesh George
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(14): 8596.     CrossRef
  • The Burden of Cancer, Government Strategic Policies, and Challenges in Pakistan: A Comprehensive Review
    Anwar Ali, Muhammad Faisal Manzoor, Nazir Ahmad, Rana Muhammad Aadil, Hong Qin, Rabia Siddique, Sakhawat Riaz, Arslan Ahmad, Sameh A. Korma, Waseem Khalid, Liu Aizhong
    Frontiers in Nutrition.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON HEAD AND NECK CANCER SURGERY IN CENTRAL INDIA
    Nitin Tomar, Ayush Naik, Ramesh Arya, Abhishek Pratap Singh, Preety Jain
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH.2022; : 22.     CrossRef
  • Trends in the global burden of oral cancer joint with attributable risk factors: Results from the global burden of disease study 2019
    Shijie Zhu, Faxue Zhang, Gaichan Zhao, Xupeng Zhang, Xiaowei Zhang, Tianzhou Li, Chuanwei Hu, Wei Zhu, Dejia Li
    Oral Oncology.2022; 134: 106189.     CrossRef
  • Impact of ban on commercial smokeless tobacco products among users and vendors in West Bengal and Kerala states, India
    Nirmalya Mukherjee, Radhakrishnan Jayakrishnan, Paramita Bhattacharya, Raju Sarkar, Denny John, Arpita Mitra, Biswajit Pal, Pranay Lal
    Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health.2022; 18: 101160.     CrossRef
  • Oral Cancer Risk Assessment for Different Types of Smokeless Tobacco Products Sold Worldwide: A Review of Reviews and Meta-analyses
    Alpana K. Gupta, Mona Kanaan, Kamran Siddiqi, Dhirendra N. Sinha, Ravi Mehrotra
    Cancer Prevention Research.2022; 15(11): 733.     CrossRef
  • Assessing Long Non-coding RNAs in Tobacco-associated Oral Cancer
    Manish Kumar Mishra, Sachin Gupta, Shivangi, Shelly Sehgal
    Current Cancer Drug Targets.2022; 22(11): 879.     CrossRef
  • Flavor Classification/Categorization and Differential Toxicity of Oral Nicotine Pouches (ONPs) in Oral Gingival Epithelial Cells and Bronchial Epithelial Cells
    Sadiya Shaikh, Wai Tung, Cortney Pang, Joseph Lucas, Dongmei Li, Irfan Rahman
    Toxics.2022; 10(11): 660.     CrossRef
  • Histopathological Findings of Oral Mucosa in Smokeless Tobacco Users: Case Report
    Sintija Miļuna, Ričards Melderis, Māris Sperga, Ingus Skadiņš, Juta Kroiča, Dagnija Rostoka
    The Open Dentistry Journal.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Recent trends of tobacco use in India
    Akshita Chhabra, Showket Hussain, Shazia Rashid
    Journal of Public Health.2021; 29(1): 27.     CrossRef
  • Chewing tobacco may act as a risk factor for dysplastic transformation of squamous cells in Oral leukoplakia- A cytochemistry based approach
    Sayantan Bhattacharyya, Sudipta Ray, Depanwita Saha, Saunak Mitra Mustafi, Neyaz Alam, Aniruddha Sarkar, Nabendu Murmu
    Pathology - Research and Practice.2021; 218: 153287.     CrossRef
  • Use of Smokeless Tobacco Before Conception and Its Relationship With Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of Pregnancy in Thatta, Pakistan: Findings From Women First Study
    Sumera Aziz Ali, Umber Khan, Farina Abrejo, Brandi Vollmer, Sarah Saleem, K Michael Hambidge, Nancy F Krebs, Jamie E Westcott, Robert L Goldenberg, Elizabeth M McClure, Omrana Pasha
    Nicotine & Tobacco Research.2021; 23(8): 1291.     CrossRef
  • MANAGEMENT OF ORAL SUBMUCOSAL FIBROSIS (OSMF) WITH PANCHGAVYA SHUKTA SHODHAN GANDUSHA AS A DINACHARYA PROCEDURE
    Jaiminikumar Shashank Rasane, Sudeep Menon, Ashutosh B Patankar
    International Ayurvedic Medical Journal.2021; 09(1): 91.     CrossRef
  • Pattern of Tobacco consumption among urban slum population in Jammu region
    Neha Choudhary, Sonika Sangra
    Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.2021; 10(3): 1193.     CrossRef
  • Oral cavity: An open horizon for nanopharmaceuticals
    Oanh Oanh Thi Nguyen, Khue Dan Tran, Nhan Thi Ha, Sang Minh Doan, Thi Thanh Hai Dinh, Tuan Hiep Tran
    Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation.2021; 51(4): 413.     CrossRef
  • Modulator effect of mangiferin on biochemical characterization in 7,12‐dimethylbenz[a]anthracene induced oral cancer in experimental hamsters
    Min Liu, Chengquan Wen, Shengqi Pan
    Veterinary Medicine and Science.2021; 7(5): 2015.     CrossRef
  • Human papillomavirus: footprints in the population of western India
    Ashi Robert Thobias, Kinjal Ankit Patel, Supreet Dhananjay Bhatt, Kruti Ashvinkumar Mehta, Chetana Deepal Parekh, Pariseema Sharad Dave, Prabhudas Shankarbhai Patel
    Epidemiology and Health.2021; 43: e2021013.     CrossRef
  • Gabapentin for cessation of smoking and non-smoking tobacco habits in Indian population
    Akhilanand CHAURASIA, Saman ISHRAT, Rini TIWARI
    Minerva Dental and Oral Science.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Outcome and treatment toxicity in east-indian versus white-canadian patients with oral cavity cancer following postoperative (chemo-)radiotherapy delivered under similar multidisciplinary care: A propensity-matched cohort study
    Shivakumar Gudi, Brian O'Sullivan, Ali Hosni, Jie Su, Andrew Hope, Jolie Ringash, Katrina Hueniken, Geoffrey Liu, Li Tong, David Goldstein, John de Almeida, Aaron R. Hansen, Scott V. Bratman, John Cho, Meredith Giuliani, Ezra Hahn, John Kim, Wei Xu, John
    Oral Oncology.2021; 120: 105419.     CrossRef
  • Safe Delivery of Surgical Care in Head and Neck Cancer Patients During COVID-19—an Audit of Pattern of Presentation and Treatment Strategies in an Oncology Centre in the Northern India
    Dipti Daga, Aseem Mishra, Sudhendu Shekhar Sharma, Atul Kumar Rai, Sunil Kumar Valsareddy, Udai Singh, Uddalak Chattopadhyay, Gautam Prakash
    Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology.2021; 12(S2): 250.     CrossRef
  • Awake Tracheal Intubation during COVID-19 Pandemic
    Rudranil Nandi, Kruti Bhajikhav, Nandita Gupta, Angshuman Rudra Pal, Neha Desai, Jyotsna Goswami
    Airway.2021; 4(2): 79.     CrossRef
  • Epidemiological Assessment of Oral Cancer Burden in PakistanEpidemiology of oral cancer in Pakistan
    Naila Malkani, Sara Kazmi, Muhammad Usman Rashid
    Cancer Investigation.2021; : 1.     CrossRef
  • Identification & correlation of bacterial diversity in oral cancer and long-term tobacco chewers- A case-control pilot study
    Shriya Sawant, Jinesh Dugad, Deepak Parikh, Sathiyaraj Srinivasan, Harinder Singh
    Journal of Medical Microbiology .2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Perceptions and Practices of General Practitioners towards Oral Cancer and Emerging Risk Factors among Indian Immigrants in Australia: A Qualitative Study
    Nidhi Saraswat, Rona Pillay, Neeta Prabhu, Bronwyn Everett, Ajesh George
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(21): 11111.     CrossRef
  • Global, regional, and national burden and quality of care index (QCI) of lip and oral cavity cancer: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2017
    Ahmad Sofi-Mahmudi, Masoud Masinaei, Erfan Shamsoddin, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Mohammad-Hossein Heydari, Shervan Shoaee, Erfan Ghasemi, Sina Azadnajafabad, Shahin Roshani, Negar Rezaei, Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi, Reyhaneh Kalantar Mehrjardi, Amir Ali H
    BMC Oral Health.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • New Scenarios in Pharmacological Treatments of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas
    Cristina Porcheri, Thimios A. Mitsiadis
    Cancers.2021; 13(21): 5515.     CrossRef
  • Smokeless tobacco use and reproductive outcomes among women: a systematic review
    A.G. Radhika, Sutapa B. Neogi, Preetha GS, Sumant Swain, Jaswinder Kaur, Jagdish Kaur
    F1000Research.2021; 10: 1171.     CrossRef
  • Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A new synthesis of literature data (Review)
    Daniela Jicman (Stan), Elena Niculet, Mihaela Lungu, Cristian Onisor, Laura Rebegea, Doinita Vesa, Laura Bezman, Florin Bujoreanu, Mihaela Sarbu, Raul Mihailov, Silvia Fotea, Alin Tatu
    Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association of Demographic Details with the Onset of Precancerous Lesions in Bengaluru Population
    Shweta Sharma, Karishma Jain, Dilip N., Puneet Shetty, Chethana T.
    Kristu Jayanti Journal of Core and Applied Biology (KJCAB).2021; : 22.     CrossRef
  • The effect of theory - Based educational intervention on consumption of smokeless tobacco products by merchants’ guilds
    Mohammad Saeed Jadgal, Somayeh Alizadeh, Hadi Alizadeh -Siuki, Saeedeh Sadeghi, Tahmineh Salehian, Moradali Zareipour
    Journal of Education and Health Promotion.2021; 10(1): 428.     CrossRef
  • Colchicine as a Therapeutic Drug in the Management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis - A Randomized Clinical Study
    Somisetty V. M. M. Mounika, Rakesh K. Manne, Natarajan Kannan, Swapna S. Beeraka, Prathi V. Sarath, Kanamarlapudi V. Saikiran
    Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology.2021; 33(3): 236.     CrossRef
  • Effect of paan masala on voice parameters
    K. Sandhya, N. Priyanka, C. Chethan
    Journal of Laryngology and Voice.2021; 11(1): 7.     CrossRef
  • Betel Nut (areca) and Smokeless Tobacco Use in Myanmar
    Roger L. Papke, Indraneel Bhattacharyya, Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Ingyin Moe, Sam Glatman
    Substance Use & Misuse.2020; 55(9): 1385.     CrossRef
  • Chemistry, metabolism and pharmacology of carcinogenic alkaloids present in areca nut and factors affecting their concentration
    Alpana K. Gupta, Sonam Tulsyan, Nisha Thakur, Vishwas Sharma, Dhirendra N. Sinha, Ravi Mehrotra
    Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology.2020; 110: 104548.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles Phytosynthesized with Cornus Mas Extract on Oral Dysplastic Human Cells
    Ioana Baldea, Adrian Florea, Diana Olteanu, Simona Clichici, Luminita David, Bianca Moldovan, Mihai Cenariu, Marcela Achim, Ramona Suharoschi, Sorina Danescu, Adriana Vulcu, Gabriela Adriana Filip
    Nanomedicine.2020; 15(1): 55.     CrossRef
  • Significance of 125I radioactive seed implantation on growth differentiation factor and programmed death receptor-1 during treatment of oral cancer
    Gang Xue, Yao Feng, Jia-Bin Li
    World Journal of Clinical Cases.2020; 8(5): 874.     CrossRef
  • Management of early oral cavity squamous cancers
    Abhishek Chatterjee, Sarbani Ghosh Laskar, Devendra Chaukar
    Oral Oncology.2020; 104: 104627.     CrossRef
  • Cancer Prevention in Low-Resource Countries: An Overview of the Opportunity
    Sailaja Kamaraju, Jeffrey Drope, Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan, Surendra Shastri
    American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book.2020; (40): 72.     CrossRef
  • Impact of COVID-19 on the early detection of oral cancer: A special emphasis on high risk populations
    Sadeq Ali AL-Maweri, Esam Halboub, Saman Warnakulasuriya
    Oral Oncology.2020; 106: 104760.     CrossRef
  • Status and strategies for the management of head and neck cancer during COVID‐19 pandemic: Indian scenario
    Anand Gupta, Vipin Arora, Deepa Nair, Nishant Agrawal, Yu‐xiong Su, F Christopher Holsinger, Jason Y K Chan
    Head & Neck.2020; 42(7): 1460.     CrossRef
  • Betel Quid, Health, and Addiction
    Roger L. Papke, Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Thaddeus A. Herzog
    Substance Use & Misuse.2020; 55(9): 1528.     CrossRef
  • Metal-induced oxidative stress: an evidence-based update of advantages and disadvantages
    Madiha Khalid, Shokoufeh Hassani, Mohammad Abdollahi
    Current Opinion in Toxicology.2020; 20-21: 55.     CrossRef
  • A qualitative study of gutka and paan masala use among Bhutanese and Burmese migrants in Georgia
    Elizabeth Thai Thanh Do, Milkie Vu, Neal Doran
    PLOS ONE.2020; 15(8): e0237266.     CrossRef
  • Interaction of human oral cancer and the expression of virulence genes of dental pathogenic bacteria
    Mansour Moghimi, Ronak Bakhtiari, Jalil Fallah Mehrabadi, Nagar Jamshidi, Nazanin Jamshidi, Abolghasem Siyadatpanah, Watcharapong Mitsuwan, Veeranoot Nissapatorn
    Microbial Pathogenesis.2020; 149: 104464.     CrossRef
  • Role of Oral Bacteria in the Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    Qinyang Li, Yao Hu, Xuedong Zhou, Shiyu Liu, Qi Han, Lei Cheng
    Cancers.2020; 12(10): 2797.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of Tobacco Consumption among Men in Amarpur Village, Uttar Pradesh, India, May 2019: A cross-sectional study
    AliJan Nazari, NaveenH Simon, Ajoke Akinola, Muskan Kaushik
    CHRISMED Journal of Health and Research.2020; 7(2): 115.     CrossRef
  • Prenatal Exposure to Gutkha, a Globally Relevant Smokeless Tobacco Product, Induces Hepatic Changes in Adult Mice
    Shannon Doherty Lyons, Jason L. Blum, Carol Hoffman-Budde, Pamela B. Tijerina, M. Isabel Fiel, Daniel J. J. Conklin, Francesca Gany, Joseph A. Odin, Judith T. Zelikoff
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(21): 7895.     CrossRef
  • Global impact of tobacco control policies on smokeless tobacco use: a systematic review protocol
    Monika Arora, Aastha Chugh, Neha Jain, Masuma Mishu, Melanie Boeckmann, Suranji Dahanayake, Jappe Eckhardt, Sarah Forberger, Rumana Huque, Mona Kanaan, Zohaib Khan, Ravi Mehrotra, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Anne Readshaw, Aziz Sheikh, Kamran Siddiqi, Aishwarya
    BMJ Open.2020; 10(12): e042860.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Areca Nut on Oral Health: A Review
    M Shirzaiy, F Neshat
    Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences.2020; 5(3): 1.     CrossRef
  • Patterns of Tobacco Use and its Relation to Oral Precancers and Cancers among Individuals Visiting a Tertiary Hospital in South India
    Ravikiran Ongole, Aarish Khan, Joanna Baptist, Natarajan Srikant, Fatema Lukmani
    The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice.2020; 21(3): 304.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 and Its Impact on Tobacco Use – Is India Prepared to Unlock the link?
    Radhakrishnan Jayakrishnan
    European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cisplatin Every 3 Weeks Versus Weekly With Definitive Concurrent Radiotherapy for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
    Joshua M Bauml, Ravi Vinnakota, Yeun-Hee Anna Park, Susan E Bates, Tito Fojo, Charu Aggarwal, Sewanti Limaye, Nevena Damjanov, Jessica Di Stefano, Christine Ciunci, Eric M Genden, Juan P Wisnivesky, Rocco Ferrandino, Ronac Mamtani, Corey J Langer, Roger B
    JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute.2019; 111(5): 490.     CrossRef
  • Differential expression of salivary S100A7 in oral submucous fibrosis
    Muhammad Arsalan Raffat, Naila Irum Hadi, Mervyn Hosein, Adnan Mustafa Zubairi, Sana Ikram, Zohaib Akram
    The Saudi Dental Journal.2019; 31(1): 39.     CrossRef
  • Grass roots approach to control levels of carcinogenic nitrosamines, NNN and NNK in smokeless tobacco products
    Alpana K. Gupta, Sonam Tulsyan, Mausumi Bharadwaj, Ravi Mehrotra
    Food and Chemical Toxicology.2019; 124: 359.     CrossRef
  • DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Arecoline
    Andrey D. Volgin, Alim Bashirzade, Tamara G. Amstislavskaya, Oleg A. Yakovlev, Konstantin A. Demin, Ying-Jui Ho, Dongmei Wang, Vadim A. Shevyrin, Dongni Yan, Zhichong Tang, Jingtao Wang, Mengyao Wang, Erik T. Alpyshov, Nazar Serikuly, Edina A. Wappler-Guz
    ACS Chemical Neuroscience.2019; 10(5): 2176.     CrossRef
  • Smokeless Tobacco and Its Adverse Effects on Hematological Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Anjani Kumar Shukla, Tanya Khaitan, Prashant Gupta, Shantala R. Naik
    Advances in Preventive Medicine.2019; 2019: 1.     CrossRef
  • GC-MS Analysis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Shammah (Smokeless Tobacco) Samples of Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia as Promoter of Cancer Cell Proliferation
    Asaad Khalid, Hassan A. Alhazmi, Ashraf N. Abdalla, Waquar Ahsan, Shahnaz Sultana, Mohammed Al Bratty, Sadique A. Javed, Zia ur Rehman
    Journal of Chemistry.2019; 2019: 1.     CrossRef
  • How Each Component of Betel Quid Is Involved in Oral Carcinogenesis: Mutual Interactions and Synergistic Effects with Other Carcinogens—a Review Article
    Shajedul Islam, Malsantha Muthumala, Hirofumi Matsuoka, Osamu Uehara, Yasuhiro Kuramitsu, Itsuo Chiba, Yoshihiro Abiko
    Current Oncology Reports.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Oral Cavity Cancer in the Indian Subcontinent – Challenges and Opportunities
    N. Mummudi, J.P. Agarwal, S. Chatterjee, I. Mallick, S. Ghosh-Laskar
    Clinical Oncology.2019; 31(8): 520.     CrossRef
  • Chronic Exposure to Chewing Tobacco Induces Metabolic Reprogramming and Cancer Stem Cell-Like Properties in Esophageal Epithelial Cells
    Keshava K. Datta, Shankargouda Patil, Krishna Patel, Niraj Babu, Remya Raja, Vishalakshi Nanjappa, Kiran Kumar Mangalaparthi, Bharti Dhaka, Pavithra Rajagopalan, Sayali Chandrashekhar Deolankar, Ramakrishnan Kannan, Prashant Kumar, T. S. Keshava Prasad, P
    Cells.2019; 8(9): 949.     CrossRef
  • Association of smokeless tobacco with oral cancer: A review of systematic reviews
    Smita Asthana, Parul Vohra, Satyanarayana Labani
    Tobacco Prevention & Cessation.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Correlation of urinary cotinine with cardiovascular risk factors in pan masala tobacco users
    Sanjeeb Shrestha, Deebya Raj Mishra, Niraj Dhakal, Suresh Bhandari, Sagar Khanal, Madhab Lamsal
    Indian Heart Journal.2019; 71(6): 459.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of Oral mucosal lesions and their association with Pattern of tobacco use among patients visiting a dental institution
    Swati Verma, Hunny Sharma
    Indian Journal of Dental Research.2019; 30(5): 652.     CrossRef
  • Smokeless tobacco products profile and pictorial warning labels in India: A review
    Fareeda Shaik, Narendra Maddu
    Population Medicine.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Patterns of Tobacco Consumption among Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cases Attending a Tertiary Care Dental Hospital in Coastal Karnataka of India
    Sukanya Shetty, Shankaran V Sreelatha, Vimal K Karnaker, Chitta R Chowdhury
    World Journal of Dentistry.2019; 10(5): 350.     CrossRef
  • Oral Health Behavior and Factors Influencing the Selection of Oral Hygiene Products among the Adolescent Tobacco Consumers in Jharkhand
    Virendra K Prajapati
    The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice.2019; 20(10): 1200.     CrossRef
  • Development of α-tocopherol surface-modified targeted delivery of 5-fluorouracil-loaded poly-D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles against oral squamous cell carcinoma
    Saurabh Srivastava, Shalini Gupta, Shadab Mohammad, Irfan Ahmad
    Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2019; 15(3): 480.     CrossRef
  • A Study on Tobacco Use Among School Children
    Arun Kurupath, Pankaj Sureka
    Community Mental Health Journal.2018; 54(8): 1253.     CrossRef
  • A potential association between mutations in the iNOS cDNA 3′ stretch and oral squamous cell carcinoma - A preliminary study
    Sapna Khowal, Swatantra Kumar Jain, Saima Wajid
    Meta Gene.2018; 16: 189.     CrossRef
  • Areca Nut Chewing and the Risk of Re-hospitalization and Mortality Among Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome in Pakistan
    Muhammad Tariq Karim, Sumera Inam, Tariq Ashraf, Nadia Shah, Syed Omair Adil, Kashif Shafique
    Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2018; 51(2): 71.     CrossRef
  • Cigarette smoke and chewing tobacco alter expression of different sets of miRNAs in oral keratinocytes
    Mohd Younis Bhat, Jayshree Advani, Pavithra Rajagopalan, Krishna Patel, Vishalakshi Nanjappa, Hitendra S. Solanki, Arun H. Patil, Firdous A. Bhat, Premendu P. Mathur, Bipin Nair, T. S. Keshava Prasad, Joseph A. Califano, David Sidransky, Harsha Gowda, Adi
    Scientific Reports.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association ofDFNA5, SYK, andNELL1variants along with HPV infection in oral cancer among the prolonged tobacco-chewers
    Sharbadeb Kundu, Vijayalakshmi Ramshankar, Akalesh Kumar Verma, Soundara Viveka Thangaraj, Arvind Krishnamurthy, Rajeev Kumar, Ravi Kannan, Sankar Kumar Ghosh
    Tumor Biology.2018; 40(8): 101042831879302.     CrossRef
  • Epidemiologic Pattern and Types of Oral Smokeless Tobacco Usage in Saudi Arabia
    Ali G Alrashidi, Turkey G Alrashidi, Sami A Alrashedi, Nasser A Alreshidi, Meshal F Alrashidi, Abdullah S Alrashidi, Eid H Alkhaldi, Ahmed G Alrashdi, Mohammed S Alshammari, Hussain G Ahmed
    The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice.2018; 19(4): 456.     CrossRef
  • Environmental toxicants, incidence of degenerative diseases, and therapies from the epigenetic point of view
    Mahshid Hodjat, Soheila Rahmani, Fazlullah Khan, Kamal Niaz, Mona Navaei–Nigjeh, Solmaz Mohammadi Nejad, Mohammad Abdollahi
    Archives of Toxicology.2017; 91(7): 2577.     CrossRef
  • Cell-free mitochondrial DNA copy number variation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A study of non-invasive biomarker from Northeast India
    Manish Kumar, Shilpee Srivastava, Seram Anil Singh, Anup Kumar Das, Ganesh Chandra Das, Bishal Dhar, Sankar Kumar Ghosh, Rosy Mondal
    Tumor Biology.2017; 39(10): 101042831773664.     CrossRef
Methods
The causality between smoking and lung cancer among groups and individuals: addressing issues in tobacco litigation in South Korea
Young-Ho Khang
Epidemiol Health. 2015;37:e2015026.   Published online May 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2015026
  • 21,514 View
  • 156 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
This article discusses issues on the causality between smoking and lung cancer, which have been raised during the tobacco litigation in South Korea. It should be recognized that the explanatory ability of risk factor(s) for inter-individual variations in disease occurrence is different from the causal contribution of the risk factor(s) to disease occurrence. The affected subjects of the tobacco litigation in South Korea are lung cancer patients with a history of cigarette smoking. Thus, the attributable fraction of the exposed rather than the population attributable fraction should be used in the tobacco litigation regarding the causal contribution of smoking to lung cancer. Scientific evidence for the causal relationship between smoking and lung cancer is based on studies of individuals and groups, studies in animals and humans, studies that are observational or experimental, studies in laboratories and communities, and studies in both underdeveloped and developed countries. The scientific evidence collected is applicable to both groups and individuals. The probability of causation, which is calculated based on the attributable fraction for the association between smoking and lung cancer, could be utilized as evidence to prove causality in individuals.
Summary
Korean summary
이 글에서는 우리나라 담배소송 과정에서 제기된 흡연과 폐암의 인과성에 대하여 논하였다. 질병 발생의 개인 간 변이에 대한 위험 요인의 설명력과 질병발생에 미치는 위험요인의 인과적 기여도는 다르다는 점을 지적하였다. 개인에서의 흡연과 폐암의 인과성에 대한 정보로 인과확률이 활용될 수 있음을 강조하였다.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • A different causal perspective with Necessary Condition Analysis
    Jan Dul
    Journal of Business Research.2024; 177: 114618.     CrossRef
  • Trends in the of epidemiological perspectives on the causality of occupational diseases
    Jun-Pyo Myong, Hyeongsu Kim, Kunsei Lee, Soung Hoon Chang
    Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2018; 61(8): 466.     CrossRef
  • Tobacco and epidemiology in Korea: old tricks, new answers?
    Alex Broadbent, Seung-sik Hwang
    Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.2016; 70(6): 527.     CrossRef
Editorial
Epidemiological evidence in law: a comment on Supreme Court Decision 2011Da22092, South Korea
Alex Broadbent
Epidemiol Health. 2015;37:e2015025.   Published online May 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2015025
  • 17,166 View
  • 151 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
This paper offers a commentary on three aspects of the Supreme Court’s recent decision (2011Da22092). First, contrary to the Court’s finding, this paper argues that epidemiological evidence can be used to estimate the probability that a given risk factor caused a disease in an individual plaintiff. Second, the distinction between specific and non-specific diseases, upon which the Court relies, is shown to be without scientific basis. Third, this commentary points out that the Court’s finding concerning defect of expression effectively enables tobacco companies to profit from the efforts of epidemiologists and others involved in public health to raise awareness of the dangers of smoking.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Parkinson's disease in a worker exposed to insecticides at a greenhouse
    Yangwoo Kim, Inah Kim, Jung-Min Sung, Jaechul Song
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Tobacco and epidemiology in Korea: old tricks, new answers?
    Alex Broadbent, Seung-sik Hwang
    Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.2016; 70(6): 527.     CrossRef
Perspective
Strategies for an effective tobacco harm reduction policy in Indonesia
Fariz Nurwidya, Fumiyuki Takahashi, Hario Baskoro, Moulid Hidayat, Faisal Yunus, Kazuhisa Takahashi
Epidemiol Health. 2014;36:e2014035.   Published online December 10, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2014035
  • 20,128 View
  • 204 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
Tobacco consumption is a major causative agent for various deadly diseases such as coronary artery disease and cancer. It is the largest avoidable health risk in the world, causing more problems than alcohol, drug use, high blood pressure, excess body weight or high cholesterol. As countries like Indonesia prepare to develop national policy guidelines for tobacco harm reduction, the scientific community can help by providing continuous ideas and a forum for sharing and distributing information, drafting guidelines, reviewing best practices, raising funds, and establishing partnerships. We propose several strategies for reducing tobacco consumption, including advertisement interference, cigarette pricing policy, adolescent smoking prevention policy, support for smoking cessation therapy, special informed consent for smokers, smoking prohibition in public spaces, career incentives, economic incentives, and advertisement incentives. We hope that these strategies would assist people to avoid starting smoking or in smoking cessation.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Factors Affecting Secondhand Smoke Avoidance Behavior of Vietnamese Adolescents
    Ja-yin Lee, Hyunmi Ahn, Hyeonkyeong Lee
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2018; 15(8): 1632.     CrossRef
Original Article
The Role of the Epidemiological Causality of the Association between Smoking and Lung Cancer.
Kyung Hwan Lee, Hyun Hee Kang
Korean J Epidemiol. 2005;27(2):28-37.
  • 65,535 View
  • 25 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
It is generally accepted that acknowledgment of the causality of the association between smoking and lung cancer plays a crucial role in imposing liability on tobacco manufacturers in tobacco-related cases. However, acknowledgment of the epidemiological causality of the association is merely a precondition to putting liability on tobacco manufacturers; it does not play a crucial role. Smokers smoke manufactured tobacco by their right to choose according to their self-decision; therefore, it is not reasonable to place all liability concerning lung cancer on tobacco manufacturers. This paper studies the dual structure of the causality of the association between tobacco manufacturing and smoking as well as smoking and lung cancer. It can be understood that tobacco manufacturers must be held liable for lung cancer caused by smoking when there was intentional concealment or insufficient provision of information on the harmfulness of tobacco and the addictiveness of nicotine. The epidemiological causality of the association is the minimum scientific and legal precondition to placing liability on tobacco manufacturers for lung cancer caused by smoking. However, striving for protection and promotion of national health by, for instance, promoting antismoking programs, the epidemiological causality of the association adequately plays a social role when viewed from a public health perspective.
Summary
Controlled Clinical Trial
Application of Epidemiology to the Tobacco Lawsuit Cases in KOREA.
Hong Gwan Seo, Hyung Joon Jhun
Korean J Epidemiol. 2005;27(2):20-27.
  • 65,535 View
  • 18 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
Over the half of last century, epidemiology has witnessed that tobacco causes lung cancer. Therefore, lung cancer lawsuits against tobacco companies have been raised in many countries. However, a discrepancy between epidemiology dealing with population-based causal association and lawsuit dealing with individual-based evidence has happened. This article discusses application of epidemiology to the tobacco lawsuit cases in Korea. Epidemiological studies such as double blind randomized controlled clinical trials and cohort studies give clinicians important information on decision-making for the treatment of an individual patient and predicting prognosis. Epidemiological data have also been applied to the diagnosis of a worker's claim on occupational disease or work-related disorder. Illegality is generally recognized in the court when direct causal relationship between offending action(s) and damage(s) is proved and the damaged must prove illegality of the offender(s). The probability theory was emerged to reduce the responsibility especially when a plaintiff has a difficulty in proving causal relationship and illegality due to long-term duration or complexity or poor condition of the plaintiff such as environmental lawsuit cases. In relation to the probability theory, a theory was raised that a causal relationship is proved legally if an epidemiological causal relationship between offending action(s) and damage(s) is proved. Based on these evidences and theories, we show our opinion that epidemiological data are applicable to the individuals such as tobacco lawsuit cases in Korea.
Summary
Original Article
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Green Tobacco Sickness among Korean Tobacco Harvesters, 2003.
Kwan Lee, Hyun Sul Lim
Korean J Epidemiol. 2005;27(1):129-139.
  • 65,535 View
  • 21 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study was carried out to understand the prevalence and risk factors of green tobacco sickness (GTS) among Korean tobacco harvesters.
METHODS
The authors conducted a questionnaire among the tobacco harvesters (842 persons from 449 out of 500 tobacco harvesting households) in Cheongsong-gun for 4 days from Sep 1 to 4, 2003.
RESULTS
The study subjects contained 440 males and 402 females. The prevalence of GTS in 2003 was 39.2%, and was significantly higher in females (53.4%) than in males (25.6%, p<0.01). The incidence density of GTS according to the number of workdays in 2003 was 11.5 spells/100 person-days. The GTS symptoms reported by the tobacco harvesters in 2003 were nausea in 320 cases (97.0%), dizziness in 311 cases (94.2%), headache in 264 cases (80.0%) and vomiting in 209 cases (63.3%) etc. Through multiple logistic regression, the factors significantly associated with GTS were found. Odds ratio for smoking, age over sixty(compared with under forties), and working over 10 hours(compared with under 10 hours) were respectively 0.23 (95% CI: 0.16~0.33), 0.46 (95% CI: 0.23~0.93), and 1.53 (95% CI: 1.12~2.10).
CONCLUSIONS
Our studies before this, there were significant recall bias by time lag between harvesting period and survey time. We tried to study promptly after harvesting tobacco leaves to solve this recall bias. More extensive epidemiologic studies, and educations for harvesters are expected.
Summary

Epidemiol Health : Epidemiology and Health
TOP