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Epidemiol Health > Volume 43; 2021 > Article |
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Study | Location | Period of study | Mean age (range), yr | Study size | Multiple HPV (%) | Order of 6 most prevalent high-risk HPV types | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Studies of HIV seropositive women | |||||||
Mpunga et al. [32]1 | Rwanda | 2012-2018 | 54.3 (NA)4 | 99 | 7 (7.2) | 16, 35, 45, 31, 33, 52 | |
Yakub et al. [18] | Nigeria | 2016-2017 | NA (20-50) | 220 | 25 (11.4) | 35, 16, 45, 33, 18, 56 | |
Ndizeye et al. [36] | Burundi | 2013/2016 | 39.9 (NA) | 301 | 28 (9.3) | 16, 18, 51, 52, 58, 56/66 | |
Mudini et al. [20]1 | Zimbabwe | 2014-2015 | NA (40-60)4 | 53 | 30 (56.6) | 16, 18, 56, 45, 33, 58 | |
Obiri-Yeboah et al. [37] | Ghana | 2017 | 43.8 (NA) | 160 | 77 (48.1) | 35, 52, 58, 16, 18, 68 | |
Marembo et al. [33] | Zimbabwe | 2015 | 39.8 (18-83)4 | 70 | 17 (24.3) | 52, 16, 18, 58, 51, 31/33/45 | |
Menon et al. [19]2 | Kenya | 2009-2015 | 28.0 (NA) | 74 | 48 (64.9) | 16, 53, 52, 56, 18/35/58, | |
Ezechi et al. [38] | Nigeria | 2014 | NA (NA) | 220 | 18 (8.2) | 16, 35, 31, 58, 52, 18/45 | |
Akarolo-Anthony et al. [21] | Nigeria | 2012 | 36.6 (NA) | 149 | 21 (14.1) | 35, 56, 58, 59, 45, 33 | |
Kelly et al. [39] | SA | 2011-2012 | NA (20-50) | 594 | 147 (24.7) | 52, 51, 35, 16, 31, 39 | |
Kelly et al. [39] | Burkina Faso | 2011-2012 | NA (20-50) | 621 | 271 (43.6) | 52, 16, 35, 51, 18, 31 | |
Diop-Ndiaye et al. [29]3 | Senegal | 2010 | 36.0 (30-45) | 67 | NA | 52, 16, 68, 35, 45, 51 | |
Dols et al. [30] | Tanzania/SA | 2008-2010 | NA (NA) | 194 | NA | 52, 16, 51, 35, 58, 18 | |
Guthrie et al. [40] | Kenya | 2007-2009 | NA (18-50) | 283 | 122 (43.1) | 52, 18, 16, 51, 35, 68 | |
Maranga et al. [34] | Kenya | 2008-2009 | 35.3 (21-50)4 | 113 | 22 (19.5) | 52, 56, 58, 53, 16, 35/39/66 | |
McDonald et al. [41] | SA | 1999-2006 | NA (26-38) | 1641 | 249 (15.2) | 35, 16, 58, 18, 68, 45 | |
Banura et al. [35] | Uganda | 2002-2004 | NA (12-24)4 | 82 | 53 (64.6) | 52, 33, 16, 51, 68, 66 | |
Denny et al. [31] | SA | 2000-2003 | 29.3 (18-54) | 400 | NA | 16, 52, 53, 35, 18, 58 | |
Studies of HIV seronegative women | |||||||
Mpunga et al. [32]1 | Rwanda | 2012-2018 | 54.3 (NA)4 | 501 | 21 (4.2) | 16, 18, 45, 33, 35, 52 | |
Ndizeye et al. [36] | Burundi | 2013/2016 | 36.4 (NA) | 299 | 9 (3.0) | 16, 18, 66, 45, 58, 53 | |
Mudini et al. [20]1 | Zimbabwe | 2014-2015 | NA (40-60)4 | 54 | 25 (46.3) | 16, 13, 33, 35, 56, 45 | |
Obiri-Yeboah et al. [37] | Ghana | 2017 | 44.3 (NA) | 169 | 36 (21.3) | 35, 33, 58, 56, 52, 18/39/68 | |
Marembo et al. [33] | Zimbabwe | 2015 | 39.8 (18-83)4 | 66 | 10 (15.2) | 18, 16, 52, 31, 45/51/58 | |
Ezechi et al. [38] | Nigeria | 2014 | NA (NA) | 295 | 10 (3.4) | 18, 58, 16, 52, 31/35/51 | |
Akarolo-Anthony et al. [21] | Nigeria | 2012 | 37.6 (NA) | 108 | 2 (1.9) | 52, 68, 18, 39, 45, 16/31/56/59 | |
Diop-Ndiaye et al. [29]2 | Senegal | 2010 | 34.0 (26-42) | 369 | NA | 52, 64, 16, 51, 35, 31/33 | |
Maranga et al. [34] | Kenya | 2008-2009 | 35.3 (21-50)4 | 111 | 15 (13.5) | 56, 16, 33, 35, 59, 51/52/82 | |
McDonald et al. [41] | SA | 1999-2006 | NA (33-45) | 8,050 | 301 (3.7) | 35, 16, 58, 45, 52, 18 | |
Banura et al. [35] | Uganda | 2002-2004 | NA (12-24)4 | 868 | 324 (37.3) | 18, 52, 16, 51, 33, 68 |
Study | Countries | Study period | Cases, n | High-risk HPV (%) | Multiple-HPV prevalence (%) | Order of 6 most prevalent high-risk HPV types | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cross-sectional studies (HIV+/HIV-) | |||||||
Mpunga et al. [32]1 | Rwanda | 2012-2018 | 598 | 574 (96.0) | 28 (4.7) | 16, 18, 45, 33, 35, 52 | |
Mudini et al. [20]1 | Zimbabwe | 2014-2015 | 107 | 101 (94.4) | 55 (51.4) | 16, 18, 56, 33, 45, 35 | |
Banura et al. [35] | Uganda | 2002-2004 | 950 | 707 (74.4) | 377 (39.7) | 52,16, 18, 51, 33, 56 | |
Diop-Ndiaye et al. [29]2 | Senegal | 2010 | 436 | 316 (72.5) | NA | 52, 16, 68, 35, 51, 33 | |
Marembo et al. [33] | Zimbabwe | 2015 | 136 | 70 (51.5) | 27 (19.9) | 18, 52, 16, 58, 51, 31 | |
Obiri-Yeboah et al. [37] | Ghana | 2017 | 329 | 156 (47.4) | 113 (34.3) | 35, 58, 52, 18, 56, 16/56 | |
Maranga et al. [34] | Kenya | 2008-2009 | 224 | 105 (46.9) | 37 (16.5) | 56, 52, 58, 16, 35, 33 | |
Akarolo-Anthony et al. [21] | Nigeria | 2012 | 257 | 64 (24.9) | 23 (8.9) | 82, 35, 56, 58, 45, 59 | |
Ndizeye et al. [36] | Burundi | 2013/2016 | 600 | 142 (23.7) | 37 (6.2) | 16, 18, 58, 52, 51, 31 | |
Ezechi et al. [38] | Nigeria | 2014 | 515 | 101 (19.6) | 28 (5.4) | 16, 35, 58, 31, 18, 52 | |
McDonald et al. [41] | SA | 1999-2006 | 9,691 | 1,848 (19.1) | 550 (5.7) | 35, 16, 58, 45, 18, 52 | |
Total [20, 21, 29, 32-38, 41] | Africa | 1999-2018 | 13,843 | 4,184 (30.2) | 1,275 (9.5) | 16, 18, 35, 52, 45, 58 | |
Cohort studies (HIV+ only) | |||||||
Yakub et al. [18] | Nigeria | 2016-2017 | 220 | 83 (37.7) | 25 (11.4) | 35, 16, 45, 33, 18, 56 | |
Menon et al. [19]3 | Kenya | 2009-2015 | 74 | 52 (70.2) | 48 (64.9) | 16, 53, 52, 56, 18/35/58 | |
Kelly et al. [39] | Burkina Faso | 2011-2012 | 621 | 491 (79.1) | 271 (43.6) | 52, 16, 35, 51, 18, 31 | |
Kelly et al. [39] | SA | 2011-2012 | 594 | 351 (59.1) | 147 (24.7) | 52, 51, 35, 16, 31, 39 | |
Dols et al. [30] | Tanzania/SA | 2008-2010 | 194 | 109 (56.2) | NA | 52, 16, 51, 35, 58, 18 | |
Guthrie et al. [40] | Kenya | 2007-2009 | 283 | 176 (62.2) | 122 (43.1) | 52, 18, 16, 51, 35, 68 | |
Denny et al. [31] | SA | 2000-2003 | 400 | 301 (75.3) | NA | 16, 52, 53, 35, 18, 58 | |
Total [18, 19, 30, 31, 39, 40] | Africa | 2000-2017 | 2,386 | 1,563 (65.5) | 613 (34.2) | 52, 16, 35, 18, 51, 31 |
Study | Location | Summary/Inferences |
---|---|---|
Mpunga et al. [32]1 | Rwanda | There was a minimal impact of HIV on HPV type distribution |
Yakub et al. [18] | Nigeria | HIV+ women with a low CD4+ T count were at a higher risk of cervical precancerous lesions |
Ndizeye et al. [36] | Burundi | There was a high burden of hrHPV and phrHPV infections among women with HIV; The nonavalent vaccine covered most of the hrHPV infections irrespective of residential area and HIV status |
Mudini et al. [20]1 | Zimbabwe | HIV may influence the distribution of some HPV genotypes given the significant increase in prevalence of HPV-18 among HIV+ women; The proportion of women with multiple genotypes was high and almost equal in both HIV+ and HIV- women |
Obiri-Yeboah et al. [37] | Ghana | HIV-1 infected women bore a significant burden of HPV infection and related disease; The nonavalent HPV vaccine is likely the best means of cervical cancer prevention in Ghana |
Marembo et al. [33] | Zimbabwe | There was an increased risk of hrHPV infection as well as multiple hrHPV genotypes in HIV+ women |
Menon et al. [19]2 | Kenya | Co-infection with phrHPV and hrHPV genotypes was more strongly associated with abnormal cytology than any single hrHPV; There was a high prevalence of multiple hrHPV genotypes in FSW, especially in HIV+ women |
Ezechi et al. [38] | Nigeria | HPV-16, -35, -58, and -31 were the most common hrHPV infections in the population and HIV+ women awere at higher risk of acquiring HPV infection; Current HPV vaccines prevented genotypes 16 and 18, which accounted for only a minority of hrHPV infection (21.7%) with no significant difference been HIV+ and HIV- women |
Akarolo-Anthony et al. [21] | Nigeria | There was a high prevalence of non-16 and -18 hrHPV among HIV+ women in Nigeria and other African countries |
Kelly et al. [39] | SA/Burkina Faso | hrHPV infections and cervical lesions were very common among HIV+ women in Africa; Bivalent or quadrivalent vaccines could prevent up to 45% of treatable precursor lesions, and the nonavalent vaccine could prevent up to 90% of cases in HIV+ women |
Diop-Ndiaye et al. [29]3 | Senegal | HPV-16 and -35 were the most prevalent HPV types among HIV-infected FSW |
Dols et al. [30] | Tanzania/SA | More than one-third (42%) of women with normal cytology tested positive for hrHPV |
Guthrie et al. [40] | Kenya | hrHPV prevalence was high in HIV+ women; Screening for hrHPV genotypes would identify a large majority of women who have high-grade cervical lesions or more severe cytology |
Maranga et al. [34] | Kenya | HIV infection appeared to alter the spectrum of HPV types found in both cervical smears and invasive cervical carcinomas; HPV infections were associated with a reduced level of immunity |
McDonald et al. [41] | SA | HPV-16 and -35 were the prevalent HPV types among HIV+ and HIV- women with or without cervical disease |
Banura et al. [35] | Uganda | There was an elevated prevalence of HPV infection in HIV+ and HIV- young women |
Denny et al. [31] | SA | There was a high level of hrHPV infections in HIV-1 infected women |
HPV type |
HIV seropositive |
HIV seronegative |
% Diff (n1-n2) | Rank | OR (95% CI) | p-value1 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases, N | HPV, n1 (%) | Cases, N | HPV, n2 (%) | |||||
Multiple | 187 | 54 (28.9) | 595 | 78 (13.1) | 15.8 | - | 2.69 (1.81, 4.00) | <0.001 |
HPV-16 | 187 | 97 (51.9) | 595 | 346 (58.2) | -6.3 | 1 | 0.77 (0.56, 1.08) | 0.150 |
HPV-18 | 187 | 46 (24.6) | 595 | 110 (18.5) | 6.1 | 2 | 1.43 (0.97, 2.12) | 0.075 |
HPV-45 | 187 | 24 (12.8) | 595 | 75 (12.6) | 0.2 | 14 | 1.02 (0.62, 1.67) | 0.900 |
HPV-56 | 150 | 11 (7.3) | 555 | 7 (1.3) | 6.0 | 3 | 6.18 (0.85, 2.79) | <0.001 |
HPV-33 | 150 | 9 (6.0) | 555 | 31 (5.6) | 0.4 | 13 | 1.08 (0.51, 2.32) | 0.843 |
HPV-31 | 150 | 8 (5.3) | 555 | 12 (2.2) | 3.1 | 4 | 2.55 (1.02, 6.35) | 0.050 |
HPV-58 | 150 | 7 (4.7) | 555 | 9 (1.6) | 3.1 | 4 | 2.96 (1.08, 8.08) | 0.060 |
HPV-66 | 53 | 2 (3.7) | 54 | 1 (1.9) | 1.8 | 7 | 2.08 (0.70, 23.57) | 0.618 |
HPV-82 | 53 | 2 (3.7) | 54 | 1 (1.9) | 1.8 | 7 | 2.08 (0.70, 23.57) | 0.618 |
HPV-51 | 150 | 5 (3.3) | 555 | 3 (0.4) | 2.9 | 6 | 6.34 (1.52, 26.58) | 0.013 |
HPV-52 | 150 | 4 (2.7) | 555 | 14 (2.5) | 0.2 | 14 | 1.06 (0.34, 3.29) | 1.000 |
HPV-68 | 97 | 2 (2.1) | 501 | 2 (0.4) | 1.7 | 9 | 5.25 (0.73, 37.7) | 0.125 |
HPV-35 | 150 | 3 (2.0) | 555 | 22 (4.0) | 1.6 | 10 | 0.49 (0.15, 1.67) | 0.325 |
HPV-39 | 150 | 3 (2.0) | 555 | 4 (0.7) | 1.3 | 11 | 2.81 (0.61, 12.7) | 0.170 |
HPV-59 | 150 | 2 (1.3) | 555 | 3 (0.5) | 0.8 | 12 | 2.49 (0.41, 15.0) | 0.289 |
HPV-53 | 37 | 0 (0.0) | 40 | 0 (0.0) | 0.0 | 16 | - | - |
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