Epidemiology and Health

Original Articles

Real-world incidence of endopthalmitis after intravitreal anti-VEGF injections in Korea: findings from the Common Data Model in ophthalmology: Yongseok Mun, Seng Chan You, Da Yun Lee, Seok Kim, Yoo-Ri Chung, Kihwang Lee, Ji Hun Song, Young Gun Park, Young Hoon Park, Young-Jung Roh, Se Joon Woo, Kyu Hyung Park, Rae Woong Park, Sooyoung Yoo, Dong-Jin Chang, Sang Jun Park; Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021097. Published online November 9, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021097

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate the real-world incidence of endophthalmitis after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections using data from the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM).

METHODS

Patients with endophthalmitis that developed within 6 weeks after intravitreal anti-VEGF injections were identified in 3 large OMOP CDM databases.

RESULTS

We identified 23,490 patients who received 128,123 intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. The incidence rates of endophthalmitis were 15.75 per 10,000 patients and 2.97 per 10,000 injections. The incidence rates of endophthalmitis for bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept (per 10,000 injections) were 3.64, 1.39, and 0.76, respectively. The annual incidence has remained below 5.00 per 10,000 injections since 2011 despite the increasing number of intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. Bevacizumab presented a higher incidence rate for endophthalmitis than ranibizumab and aflibercept (incidence rate ratio, 3.17; p=0.021).

CONCLUSIONS

The incidence of endophthalmitis after intravitreal anti-VEGF injections has stabilized since 2011 despite the explosive increase in anti-VEGF injections. The off-label use of bevacizumab accounted for its disproportionately high incidence of endophthalmitis. The OMOP CDM, which includes off-label uses, laboratory data, and a scalable standardized database, could provide a novel strategy to reveal real-world evidence, especially in ophthalmology.

Summary

Korean summary
- 공통데이터모델 (Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model, OMOP CDM)을 통해 유리체강내 항혈관내피성장인자 주입술 후 발생한 안내염의 실세계 발생률 (Real-world incidence)은 1만명 당 15.75명, 주사 1만회 당 2.97회였음을 알 수 있었다. - 베바시주맙에서 다른 항혈관내피성장인자에 비해 유리체강내 주사 후 안내염 발생 비율이 높았으며, 이는 약제의 분주로 인한 오염과 관련이 있을 것이다. - 공통데이터모델은 건강보험 청구자료가 포함하지 않는 유리체강내 베바시주맙 사용과 같은 오프라벨 의약품 사용 자료까지 포함하기 때문에, 유리체강내 항혈관내피성장인자 주입 후 발생한 안내염의 인구기반 발생률 추정을 가능케 했다.

Key Message
- The real-world incidence of endophthalmitis after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections was 15.75 per 10,000 patients and 2.97 per 10,000 injections based on data from the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM). - Patients treated with bevacizumab showed a significantly higher incidence rate of post-injection endophthalmitis, which might have resulted from contamination related to the division of bevacizumab. - OMOP CDM provides insights into the population-based incidence rate of endophthalmitis since it covers off-label prescriptions including intravitreal bevacizumab, which the national claims database does not cover.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Real-World Treatment Intensity and Patterns in Patients With Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization: Common Data Model in Ophthalmology
Manh-Hung Bui, Da Yun Lee, Sang Jun Park, Kyu Hyung Park
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Efficacy of Injection Interval Shortening in Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration with Limited Response to Bimonthly Aflibercept
Min Chul Kim, Jae Hui Kim
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society.2023; 64(8): 700. CrossRef
Postintravitreal Injection Endophthalmitis: Incidence, Characteristics, Management, and Outcome
Bar Davidov, Avi Ohayon, Omer Trivizki, Shulamit Schwartz, Shiri Shulman, Akio Oishi
Journal of Ophthalmology.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef
Aflibercept

Reactions Weekly.2023; 1983(1): 23. CrossRef
Real-world treatment intensities and pathways of macular edema following retinal vein occlusion in Korea from Common Data Model in ophthalmology
Yongseok Mun, ChulHyoung Park, Da Yun Lee, Tong Min Kim, Ki Won Jin, Seok Kim, Yoo-Ri Chung, Kihwang Lee, Ji Hun Song, Young-Jung Roh, Donghyun Jee, Jin-Woo Kwon, Se Joon Woo, Kyu Hyung Park, Rae Woong Park, Sooyoung Yoo, Dong-Jin Chang, Sang Jun Park
Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Blueprint for harmonising unstandardised disease registries to allow federated data analysis: prepare for the future
Johannes A. Kroes, Aruna T. Bansal, Emmanuelle Berret, Nils Christian, Andreas Kremer, Anna Alloni, Matteo Gabetta, Chris Marshall, Scott Wagers, Ratko Djukanovic, Celeste Porsbjerg, Dominique Hamerlijnck, Olivia Fulton, Anneke ten Brinke, Elisabeth H. Be
ERJ Open Research.2022; 8(4): 00168-2022. CrossRef
Towards effective data sharing in ophthalmology: data standardization and data privacy
William Halfpenny, Sally L. Baxter
Current Opinion in Ophthalmology.2022; 33(5): 418. CrossRef

Longitudinal standards for growth velocity of infants from birth to 4 years born in West Azerbaijan Province of northwest Iran: Parvin Ghaemmaghami, Seyyed Mohammad Taghi Ayatollahi, Vahid Alinejad, Elham Haem; Epidemiol Health. 2015;37:e2015029. Published online June 23, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2015029

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163 Download
5 Web of Science
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Abstract PDF

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Growth velocity is an important factor to monitor for appropriate child growth. This study presents the growth velocity of infants based on length, weight, and head circumference.

METHODS

The subjects of this study were 308 neonates (160 boys and 148 girls) born in West Azerbaijan Province of northwestern Iran who were followed from birth for 4 years. The weights and lengths of the subjects were recorded at birth, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 9 months, and 1, 1.5, 2, 3, and 4 years of age, while the head circumferences were measured just up to 1.5 years of age. In this study, the Lambda-Mu-Sigma (LMS) method using LMS Chartmaker Pro (Institute of Child Health, London, UK) was utilized to obtain growth velocity percentiles.

RESULTS

After obtaining growth velocity charts for weight, length, and head circumference (5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles), the researchers could deduce that there was a sharp decrease in the velocity growth charts from birth to 2 years of age but these charts remained relatively stable up to 4 years for both sexes. Growth velocities for the length and weight of boys in the present sample are slightly but not significantly greater than those in girls through the first months of infancy and there was no significant difference between girls and boys up to 4 years.

CONCLUSIONS

This paper provided the first local growth velocity standards of length, weight, and head circumference for infants by analyzing longitudinal measurements produced for West Azerbaijan Province, which should be updated periodically. It seems that there has been a significant difference between the growth velocity of infants in northwestern Iran and southern Iran within the past few years.

Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Growth Velocity and Nutritional Status in Children Exposed to Zika Virus during Pregnancy from Amazonas Cohort, Brazil
Lucíola de Fátima Albuquerque de Almeida Peixoto, Marília Rosa Abtibol-Bernardino, Cecilia Victoria Caraballo Guerra, Geruza Alfaia de Oliveira, Beatriz Caroline Soares Chaves, Cristina de Souza Rodrigues, Anny Beatriz Costa Antony de Andrade, Elijane de
Viruses.2023; 15(3): 662. CrossRef
Limitations of Weight Velocity Analysis by Commercial Computer Program Growth Analyser Viewer Edition
Martin J. C. van Gemert, Cornelis M. A. Bruijninckx, Ton G. van Leeuwen, H. A. Martino Neumann, Pieter J. J. Sauer
Annals of Biomedical Engineering.2019; 47(1): 297. CrossRef
Weight velocity equations with 14–448 days time separated weights should not be used for infants under 3 years of age
Martin J.C. van Gemert, Cornelis M.A. Bruijninckx, H.A. Martino Neumann, Pieter J.J. Sauer, D. Martijn de Bruin, Ton G. van Leeuwen
Medical Hypotheses.2019; 129: 109234. CrossRef
Growth indices of exclusively breastfed until 6 months age and formula-fed infants in southwest of Iran
Jan-mohamad Malekzadeh, Saiid Synaii, BehroozEbrahimzadeh Koor, Ghasem Falsafian, Mahmood-Reza Nakhaie
International Journal of Preventive Medicine.2019; 10(1): 207. CrossRef
Growth curves and their associated weight and height factors in children from birth to 4 years old in West Azerbaijan Province, northwest Iran
P. Ghaemmaghami, S.M.T. Ayatollahi, V. Alinejad, Z. Sharafi
Archives de Pédiatrie.2018; 25(6): 389. CrossRef

A Trial for Association between Oxidative Stress in Midterm Pregnancy and Postnatal Growth during the First Year of Life.: Hyesook Park, Young Ju Kim, Hwa Young Lee, Eun Ae Park, Nam Soo Chang, Eun Hee Ha, Bo Hyun Park, Bo Eun Lee, Ju Hee Hong; Korean J Epidemiol. 2004;26(1):17-26.

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Abstract PDF: Abstract
OBJECTIVES
We aims to construct Infant Growth Cohort for evaluating whether oxidative stress in midterm pregnancy has an adverse effect on postnatal growth.
METHODS
AND MATERIALS: From September 2001 to April 2004, we constructed an Ewha Infant Growth Cohort connected with the Ewha Pregnant Women Cohort. We excluded mother-and-child pairs in which the mother had experienced hypertension or diabetes during pregnancy and had multiple births for this study, which gave us 233 mother-and-child pairs for analysis. We measured maternal serum homocysteine and urinary 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) at 24~28 weeks of pregnancy, and infant weights at birth and at 6 and 12 months postnatally. We applied repeated measures ANOVA with PROC MIXED to assess the significance of differences.
RESULTS
We followed 64 and 85 infants at 6 and 12 months respectively. The mean body weights were 3146.4 g at birth, 8229.7 g at 6 months, and 1006.47 g at 12 months. The mean birth weight of infants was lower in mothers with higher homocysteine levels (third and fourth quartiles), but body weights from the first- and fourth-quartile groups of maternal homocysteine levels were lower than the others even though it was not statistically significant. Body weights at birth and at 6 months in third- and fourth-quartile groups of 8-OHdG levels were lower than the others. The body weights in the fourth quartile MDA group were significantly lower than the others at all time points.
CONCLUSIONS
Maternal oxidative stress in midterm pregnancy may cause postnatal growth retardation. But, there were high rate of follow up loss and various measurement errors. Therefore, we need to have efforts for compete follow up and valid and reliable measurements.; Summary

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