Investigation of Characteristics and Predictive Factors Affecting Mortality from Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning, Iran

Navabi, Seyed Mohammad Navabi; Navabi, Seyed Jafar; Aghaei, Abbas; Shaahmadi, Zahra; Heydari, Ruhollah

doi:2018.0.0.e2018022

Original article

Epidemiology and Health 2018;e2018022.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2018022 [Accepted] Published online May 27, 2018.

Investigation of Characteristics and Predictive Factors Affecting Mortality from Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning, Iran

Seyed Mohammad Navabi Navabi¹

, Seyed Jafar Navabi^1,2

, Abbas Aghaei^2,3

, Zahra Shaahmadi^3,2

, Ruhollah Heydari⁴

¹School of pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
²Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomaini and Mohammad Kermanshahi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
³Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
⁴School of medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

Correspondence Seyed Jafar Navabi ,Tel: +988337272049, Fax: +988337272049, Email: jafarnavabi@kums.ac.ir

Submitted: March 1, 2018 Accepted after revision: May 27, 2018

Abstract

Purpose:
Aluminum phosphide (ALP) or rice tablet is one of the most effective rodenticides used for the protection of grain storages from animals and rodents. ALP poisoning annually leads to mortality in human beings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics and predictive factors affecting mortality from ALP poisoning.
Method:
This study evaluated patients with ALP poisoning referred to Imam Khomeini hospital in Kermanshah from 2014 to 2015. There are several data gathered from patient such as age, sex, number of consumed tablets, the number of attempts to commit suicide, elapsed time from consuming till treatment, blood pressure, PH, HCO3 and PCO2. Survivors (recovery) and non-survivors (death) from ALP poisoning are also evaluated in this study. Univariate logistic regression and multivariate analysis have been applied for data analysis.
Results:
In this study, 48 patients were male and 29 patients were female, respectively (total 77 patient). The average age of survivors and non-survivors were 28.69 and 31.34 years, respectively. All cases (100%) of ALP poisoning were tried to commit suicide. The results showed that the main predictive variables of mortality from ALP poisoning were blood pressure, PH and elapsed time from consuming till treatment.
Conclusion:
The prognosis of death for patients with ALP poisoning can be determined by awareness of some of the main characteristics or factors such as blood pressure, PH and elapsed time from consuming till treatment. This can give a possibility for healthcare groups to consider more measures in patients with ALP poisoning.

Keywords: Aluminum phosphide; Predictive factors; Rice tablets; Poisoning; mortality