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1Capital Regional Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Seoul, Korea
2Disease Management Division, Deogyang-gu Public Health Center, Goyang, Korea
3Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
© 2023, Korean Society of Epidemiology
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare for this study.
FUNDING
None.
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
Conceptualization: Kim T, Park E, Park S. Data curation: Kim T, Park E, Eun JS, Lee EY, Mun JW, Lee S, Yeom H, Kim E, Kim J, Choi J, Ha J. Formal analysis: Kim T, Park E. Funding acquisition: None. Methodology: Kim T, Park E. Project administration: Kim T, Park S. Visualization: Park E. Writing – original draft: Kim T, Park E. Writing – review & editing: Eun JS, Lee EY, Mun JW, Choi Y, Lee S, Yeom H, Kim E, Kim J, Choi J, Ha J, Park S.
Exposure risk level | Definition | Measure | Post-exposure prophylaxis |
---|---|---|---|
High | Unprotected direct contact or high-risk environmental contact | 21 day of active monitoring (check status twice a day via text message or phone call) | Recommended (within 4 day after exposure) |
Self-quarantine recommended | Allowed (between 5 to 14 day after exposure) | ||
Medium | Unprotected exposure to infectious materials or droplets, or potential exposure to aerosols | 21 day of active monitoring | Allowed (within 4 day after exposure) |
Quarantine not required | |||
Low | Protected physical or droplet exposure | Monitoring not required | Not applicable |
No physical contact and little chance of exposure to droplets | Quarantine not required | ||
Inform of precautions |
Visit date | Type of healthcare facility | Symptoms and observed status | Differential diagnosis |
---|---|---|---|
Nov 8 | Hospital (emergency room A) | Chill, dizziness, dyspnea | - |
Nov 8 | Clinic (dentistry) | Regular checkup (braces) | - |
Nov 10 | Clinic (obstetrics and gynecology A) | Dysuria | Cystitis |
Nov 10 | Clinic (otolaryngology) | Fever, chill, dizziness | COVID-19 |
Nov 11 | Clinic (proctology) | Anal pain, anal bleeding, constipation | Herpes simplex virus infection |
Varicella zoster virus infection | |||
Nov 11 | Clinic (obstetrics and gynecology B) | Anogenital lesions, vaginal discharge, dysuria, anal pain, night sweat | Herpes simplex virus infection |
Nov 13 | Hospital (emergency room B) | Skin and mucosal lesions (face, tongue, chin, chest, back, shoulder, labium major, anus), fever, sore throat, anal pain | Mpox |
Location | Contact type (n) | Situation | Exposure duration | Personal protective equipment |
||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mask | Gloves | |||||
High-risk | ||||||
Hospital (isolation ward) | Doctor (1) | Needlestick injury | - | ○ | ○ | |
Household | Family member (6) | Shared home and everyday items such as dishes and towels | 11 day | Ⅹ | Ⅹ | |
Medium-risk | ||||||
Dental clinic | Dental staff (2) | Dental examination | 5-24 min | ○ | ○ | |
Gynecology clinic A | Doctor (1) | Examination with inappropriate mask-wearing | 5 min | △ | Ⅹ | |
Nurse (1) | Injection, contact with urine specimen without gloves | 10 min | ○ | Ⅹ | ||
Proctology clinic | Doctor (1) | Anal examination | 15 min | ○ | ○ | |
Gynecology clinic B | Doctor (1) | Pelvic examination using colposcope and forceps | 10 min | ○ | ○ | |
Nurse (1) | Exam assistant, disinfection of colposcope and forceps | 10 min | ○ | ○ | ||
Nurse (1) | Direct contact with skin during injection | 3 min | ○ | Ⅹ | ||
Patient (1) | Use of the same exam table before disinfection (1-min duration) | - | - | - | ||
Low-risk | ||||||
Workplace | Coworker (3) | No direct contact and little conversation | 4 day | ○ | Ⅹ | |
Emergency room A | Healthcare worker (6) | Vital sign check, blood collection, ECG application, insertion and removal of venous line | 5-10 min | ○ | Ⅹ | |
Otolaryngology clinic | Doctor (1) | Examination | 15 min | ○ | ○ | |
Nurse (2) | Exam assistant | 15 min | ○ | Ⅹ | ||
Proctology clinic | Nurse (1) | Exam assistant | 15 min | ○ | Ⅹ | |
Emergency room B | Healthcare worker (7) | Vital sign check, blood collection, insertion and removal of venous line, nasopharyngeal swab | 5-20 min | ○ | ○ |
○, applied appropriately; △, applied inappropriately; Ⅹ, not applied; ECG, electrocardiogram.