Nutrient Intake Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study in Jordan

Tayyem, Reema; Mahmoud, Reema I.; Shareef, Muna; Marei, Lina Tayyem

doi:2019.0.0.e2019010

Original article

Epidemiology and Health 2019;e2019010.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2019010 [Accepted] Published online March 30, 2019.

Nutrient Intake Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study in Jordan

¹The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
²Al-Basheer Hospital, Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan
³King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan

Correspondence Reema Tayyem ,Tel: +962797902535, Email: r_tayyem@yahoo.com

Received: February 10, 2019 Accepted after revision: March 30, 2019

Abstract

Objectives:
Breast cancer (BC) is ranked the first type of cancer worldwide. Globally, breast cancer is rapidly becoming a major common health problem among women. This study aimed to evaluate the association between nutrient intake patterns and BC risk among Jordanian women.
Method:
A total of 400 Jordanian women 20-65 years of age were recruited in this case-control study. Two hundred of recently diagnosed BC women were matched in age, income and marital status to 200 BC-free women. A food frequency questionnaire to assess the nutrient patterns was used.
Results:
In this study, 3 nutrient intake patterns have been identified. The first one was a high vitamin C and β-carotene nutrient intake pattern. Secondly was the high calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D nutrient intake pattern. The third one was a high-fat nutrient intake pattern. A significant increase in BC risk was detected with high vitamin C and β-carotene nutrient pattern (the highest in fourth quartile (OR 5.42 (95%CI: 2.11-13.91), p-trend=0.001)). In high calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D nutrient pattern, an inverse significant trend was detected with the risk of BC. High-fat nutrient pattern showed a significant direct association with BC risk in the third (OR 3.872 (95%CI: 1.53-9.77)) and fourth (OR 0.467 (95%CI: 0.19-1.12)) quartiles with a p-trend=0.001.
Conclusions:
A significant increase in BC risk was detected with high vitamin C and β-carotene as well as high-fats nutrient intake patterns. However, in high calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D nutrient intake pattern, an inverse significant trend was noticed.

Keywords: Breast Cancer; Nutrient Intake Pattern; Case Control Study; Jordanian Women