Dietary patterns, nutrition and risk of breast cancer: case control study in the west of Iran

Marzbani, Behjat; Nazari, Javad; Amini, Saeed; Najafi, Farid; Moradinazar, Mehdi; Marzbani, Behnaz; Shahabadi, Sara; Amini, Mahin; Pasdar, Yahya; Shakiba, Ebrahim

doi:2019.0.0.e2019003

Original Article

Epidemiology and Health 2019;e2019003.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2019003 [Accepted] Published online January 24, 2019.

Dietary patterns, nutrition and risk of breast cancer: case control study in the west of Iran

¹Health Education and Promotion Group, Vice Chancellor for Health Affairs, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
²Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
³Educational Development Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
⁴Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah, Iran
⁵School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
⁶Family and School Health Group, Health Network of Kermanshah, Vice Chancellor for Health Affairs, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
⁷Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
⁸Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
⁹Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

Correspondence Mehdi Moradinazar ,Tel: +98988338243435, Email: moradi.mehdi1363@yahoo.com

Received: August 7, 2018 Accepted after revision: January 24, 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:
Unhealthy dietary patterns are the most important changeable risk factors for breast cancer. The aim is to assess the relation between dietary patterns and risk of breast cancer among under 50 women in the west of Iran.
METHODS:
All under 50 years old women with positive pathology of breast cancer between 2013-2015 who were referred to the oncology clinics in the west of Iran were selected as the cases (212 persons) and 408 under 50 years old women referred to the other outpatient clinics who were without breast or other cancers at the time of study and two years later were selected as the control group. The data were collected using middle aged periodical care form of Iran Ministry of Health and analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression in Stata.
RESULTS:
The most powerful risk factor for breast cancer was fried foods, so that the odds ratio of breast cancer in women consuming fried foods more than once a month was higher than women who have consumed it once or lower in a month (OR=4.5, CI 95% =2.1-9.4). Dose-response model indicated that increasing vegetables and fruits consumption up to 90 times a month decrease the odds of breast cancer, but more than 90 times a month can increase it.
CONCLUSIONS:
Inadequate consumption of vegetables and consumption of soft drinks, industrial juices, fried foods and sweets are considered as risk factors for breast cancer. Sensitization, informing and education about healthy diets and change in unhealthy dietary patterns seem necessary.

Keywords: Diet; Breast Cancer; Case-Control Study