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Original Article The associations of the national health and productivity management program with corporate profits in Japan
Yuichiro Yano1,2orcid , Hiroshi Kanegae3orcid , Koichi Node4orcid , Atsushi Mizuno5orcid , Akira Nishiyama6orcid , Hiromi Rakugi7orcid , Hiroshi Itoh8orcid , Kaori Kitaoka1orcid , Naoki Kashihara9orcid , Fumiaki Ikeno10orcid , Ichiro Tsuji11orcid , Kunio Okada12
Epidemiol Health 2022;44e2022080-0
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022080
Published online: September 23, 2022
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1Department of Advanced Epidemiology, Noncommunicable Disease (NCD) Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
2Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
3Genki Plaza Medical Center for Health Care, Tokyo, Japan
4Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
5Department of Cardiology, QI Center, St. Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
6Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
7Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
8Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
9Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
10Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
11Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University School of Public Health, Miyagi, Japan
12Non-Profit Organization Kenkokeiei, Tokyo, Japan
Corresponding author:  Yuichiro Yano,
Email: yano.yuichiro@jichi.ac.jp
Received: 10 August 2022   • Accepted: 23 September 2022

OBJECTIVES
Using a dataset from a survey on national health and productivity management, we identified health and productivity factors associated with organizational profitability.
METHODS
The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry conducted an annual survey on Health and Productivity Management between 2014 and 2021. We assessed the associations of organizational health and productivity management using survey questions collected in 2017 and 2018, with the rate of change in profits from 2017 and 2018 to 2020. We identified factors associated with organizational profitability using eXtreme Gradient Boosting, and calculated SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) values for each factor.
RESULTS
Among 1,593 companies (n= 4,359,834 employees), the mean age of employees at baseline was 40.3 years and the proportion of women was 25.8%. A confusion matrix for evaluating model performance had an accuracy of 0.997, precision of 0.993, recall of 0.997, and area under the precision-recall curve of 0.999. The most important factors related to an increase in corporate profits were the percentage of current smokers (SHAP value, 0.121), per-employee cost of health services (0.084) and medical services (0.050); the percentage of full-time employees working in sales departments (0.074) and distribution or customer service departments (0.054); the percentage of employees who slept well (0.055); and the percentage of employees within a company who regularly exercised (0.043).
CONCLUSIONS
Employees’ lifestyle-related health risk factors and organizations’ management systems were associated with organizational profitability. Lifestyle medicine professionals may demonstrate a significant return on investment by creating a healthier and more productive workforce.


Epidemiol Health : Epidemiology and Health