The objective of this study was to describe general approaches for intervention meta-analysis available for quantitative data synthesis using the R software. We conducted an intervention meta-analysis using two types of data, continuous and binary, characterized by mean difference and odds ratio, respectively. The package commands for the R software were “metacont”, “metabin”, and “metagen” for the overall effect size, “forest” for forest plot, “metareg” for meta-regression analysis, and “funnel” and “metabias” for the publication bias. The estimated overall effect sizes, test for heterogeneity and moderator effect, and the publication bias were reported using the R software. In particular, the authors indicated methods for calculating the effect sizes of the target studies in intervention meta-analysis. This study focused on the practical methods of intervention meta-analysis, rather than the theoretical concepts, for researchers with no major in statistics. Through this study, the authors hope that many researchers will use the R software to more readily perform the intervention meta-analysis and that this will in turn generate further related research.
Summary
Korean summary
통계프로그램으로서의 R이 대세인 연구환경에서 R을 활용한 체계적인 메타분석 안내서가 요구되어지며 본 연구는 이에 대한 좋은 해답이 될 것이다. 더욱이 본 연구는 메타분석 (Intervention meta-analysis)의 이론과 더불어 R을 활용한 실습위주의 내용으로 구성되어져 있어 누구나 쉽게 실행할 수 있을 것이다.
본 연구를 통하여 많은 연구자들이 보다 쉽게 본인의 연구분야에 적용하여 관련 연구가 활성화되기를 바란다.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Increased risk of hearing loss associated with macrolide use: a systematic review and meta-analysis Sung Ryul Shim, YungJin Lee, Seung Min In, Ki‐Il Lee, Ikhee Kim, Hyoyeon Jeong, Jieun Shin, Jong-Yeup Kim Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Seung-Yeon Kong, Mi-Kyoung Cho Healthcare.2024; 12(5): 571. CrossRef
Efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation combined with antidepressant medications for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Yuan Tao, Qian Liang, Fenghong Zhang, Shaofan Guo, Lingyun Fan, Fei Zhao Systematic Reviews.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials for Intimate Partner Violence: The Effects of the Programs Based on Their Purposes Sihyun Park, Sin-Hyang Kim Trauma, Violence, & Abuse.2023; 24(4): 2115. CrossRef
Association between age and efficacy of combination systemic therapies in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis Pawel Rajwa, Takafumi Yanagisawa, Isabel Heidegger, Fabio Zattoni, Giancarlo Marra, Timo F. W. Soeterik, Roderick C. N. van den Bergh, Massimo Valerio, Francesco Ceci, Claudia V. Kesch, Veeru Kasivisvanathan, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Tatsushi Kawada, Peter Ny Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases.2023; 26(1): 170. CrossRef
The Effect of Testosterone Replacement on Sexual Function in the Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Hee Jo Yang, Ki Hong Kim, Doo Sang Kim, Chang Ho Lee, Youn Soo Jeon, Sung Ryul Shim, Jae Heon Kim The World Journal of Men's Health.2023; 41(4): 861. CrossRef
Effects of Sexual Rehabilitation on Sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Jae Joon Park, Seung Whan Doo, Allison Kwon, Do Kyung Kim, Won Jae Yang, Yun Seob Song, Sung Ryul Shim, Jae Heon Kim The World Journal of Men's Health.2023; 41(2): 330. CrossRef
Diagnostic, clustering, and immune cell infiltration analysis of m6A regulators in patients with sepsis Fenghui Li, Yuan Zhang, Zhiyun Peng, Yingjing Wang, Zhaoshang Zeng, Zhongxiang Tang Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery on osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of retrospective study Haoqian Chen, Jia Li, Xin Wang, Yanming Fu Archives of Osteoporosis.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The status of phosphorus levels in Iranian agricultural soils — a systematic review and meta-analysis Mohsen Jalali, Wolfram Buss, Fatemeh Parviznia, Mahdi Jalali Environmental Monitoring and Assessment.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Combination of Chinese herbal medicine and conventional western medicine for coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis Lei Tong, Zhenyu Ma, Yixiao Zhou, Shuping Yang, Yalin Yang, Jingran Luo, Junbo Huang, Fucai Wang Frontiers in Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Deviation of behavioural and productive parameters in dairy cows due to a lameness event: a synthesis of reviews Luisa Magrin, Barbara Contiero, Giulio Cozzi, Flaviana Gottardo, Severino Segato Italian Journal of Animal Science.2023; 22(1): 739. CrossRef
Effectiveness of family interventions for patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis Sin‐Hyang Kim, Sihyun Park International Journal of Mental Health Nursing.2023; 32(6): 1598. CrossRef
Alcohol-Containing Versus Aqueous-Based Solutions for Skin Preparation in Abdominal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Dimitra V. Peristeri, Hussameldin M. Nour, Amiya Ahsan, Sameh Abogabal, Krishna K. Singh, Muhammad Shafique Sajid Journal of Surgical Research.2023; 291: 734. CrossRef
Robot-assisted laparoscopic repair in hiatal hernia with kyphosis: A case report with meta-analysis Qi Liu, Dianchen Wang, Zhao Sun, Jianwu Jiang, Yang Fu International Journal of Abdominal Wall and Hernia Surgery.2023; 6(2): 92. CrossRef
Medical Application of Big Data: Between Systematic Review and Randomized Controlled Trials Sung Ryul Shim, Joon-Ho Lee, Jae Heon Kim Applied Sciences.2023; 13(16): 9260. CrossRef
Oral Nutritional Supplements Reduce Body Weight Loss after Gastrectomy in Patients with Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Mijoo Choi, Jong-Yeup Kim, Hyun-Hi Kang, Eunju Park, Sung Ryul Shim Nutrients.2023; 15(18): 3924. CrossRef
Long-term efficacy of total versus posterior partial fundoplication in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis DV Peristeri, H Room, D Tsironis, G Vasilikostas, A Wan The Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Systematic review and meta-analysis: a critical examination of the methodology S. Yu. Martsevich S.Yu., A. R. Navasardyan, K. V. Lobastov, M. V. Mikaelyan, E. V. Mikhaylenko, A. Yu. Suvorov, I. V. Schastlivtsev, O. N. Dzhioeva, V. V. Matveev, E. S. Akimova, V. V. Sytkov, E. Dubar, O. M. Drapkina Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology.2023; 19(4): 382. CrossRef
Effects of Thrombin-Based Hemostatic Agent in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Meta-Analysis Jung-Wee Park, Tae Woo Kim, Chong Bum Chang, Minji Han, Jong Jin Go, Byung Kyu Park, Woo-Lam Jo, Young-Kyun Lee Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(20): 6656. CrossRef
The Effects of Auricular Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Hyejin Lee, Bomi Kim, Hyojung Park Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2023; 30(4): 415. CrossRef
Unveiling the Therapeutic Potential and Healthcare Applications of Marine Therapy: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression Sung Ryul Shim, Dayeon Shin, Seong-Jang Kim, Young Kook Kim, Kyung Ju Lee Marine Drugs.2023; 21(12): 604. CrossRef
Molecular subtyping of ependymoma and prognostic impact of Ki-67 Ka Young Lim, Kwanghoon Lee, Yumi Shim, Jin Woo Park, Hyunhee Kim, Jeongwan Kang, Jae Kyung Won, Seung-Ki Kim, Ji Hoon Phi, Chul-Kee Park, Chun-Kee Chung, Hongseok Yun, Sung-Hye Park Brain Tumor Pathology.2022; 39(1): 1. CrossRef
Heavy metal profile of surface and ground water samples from the Niger Delta region of Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis Francis Uchenna Umeoguaju, Joyce Oronne Akaninwor, Eka Bassey Essien, Benjamin A. Amadi Environmental Monitoring and Assessment.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of cognitive rehabilitation in Parkinson disease: a meta-analysis Andreina Giustiniani, Lorenza Maistrello, Laura Danesin, Elena Rigon, Francesca Burgio Neurological Sciences.2022; 43(4): 2323. CrossRef
Effect of Auriculotherapy on Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Sun Yeob Choi, Yeo Ju Kim, Bomi Kim Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(1): 4. CrossRef
Comparative Efficacy and Safety of 11 Drugs as Therapies for Adults With Neuropathic Pain After Spinal Cord Injury: A Bayesian Network Analysis Based on 20 Randomized Controlled Trials Hai-Qian Ling, Zi-Hao Chen, Lei He, Feng Feng, Chuang-Gui Weng, Si-Jin Cheng, Li-Min Rong, Pei-Gen Xie Frontiers in Neurology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Haoqian Chen, Zheng Wang, Xinan Zhang, Mingli Sun Clinical Rehabilitation.2022; 36(9): 1153. CrossRef
Risk of Adverse Events in Cancer Patients Receiving Nivolumab With Ipilimumab: A Meta-Analysis Xin Zhao, Fengwei Gao, Jie Yang, Hua Fan, Qingyun Xie, Kangyi Jiang, Jie Gong, Benjian Gao, Qian Yang, Zehua Lei Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Using the forest plot to compare citation achievements in bibliographic and meta-analysis studies since 2011 using data on PubMed Central: A retrospective study Jian-Wei Wu, Tsair-Wei Chien, Ya-Ching Tsai, Hsien-Yi Wang, Wei-Chih Kan, Lin-Yen Wang Medicine.2022; 101(27): e29213. CrossRef
Acupotomy for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Jae-Min Jeong, Jae-Uk Sul, Seon-Jong Kim, Yun-Gwon Seon, Ji-Min Choi, Hui-Jeong Noh, Jin-Bong Choi Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation.2022; 32(3): 55. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of Ketamine vs Electroconvulsive Therapy Among Patients With Major Depressive Episode Taeho Greg Rhee, Sung Ryul Shim, Brent P. Forester, Andrew A. Nierenberg, Roger S. McIntyre, George I. Papakostas, John H. Krystal, Gerard Sanacora, Samuel T. Wilkinson JAMA Psychiatry.2022; 79(12): 1162. CrossRef
Research features between Urology and Nephrology authors in articles regarding UTI related to CKD, HD, PD, and renal transplantation Keng-Kok Tan, Tsair-Wei Chien, Wei-Chih Kan, Chen-Yu Wang, Willy Chou, Hsien-Yi Wang Medicine.2022; 101(41): e31052. CrossRef
Perspectives on the Psychological and Physiological Effects of Forest Therapy: A Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression Sung Ryul Shim, JinKyung Chang, JooHee Lee, WooJin Byeon, Jeongwon Lee, Kyung Ju Lee Forests.2022; 13(12): 2029. CrossRef
Association of Statin Use with the Risk of Incident Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review Meng-Yao Xu, Ye An, Chen-Qian Liu, Jin-Zhou Xu, Xing-Yu Zhong, Na Zeng, Jian-Xuan Sun, Qi-Dong Xia, Shao-Gang Wang, Ruhai Bai Journal of Oncology.2022; 2022: 1. CrossRef
Possible Association between Differences in Nasalance Scores and Early Spread of COVID-19 Based on Linguistic Analysis Konghee Lee, Sung Ryul Shim, Jae Heon Kim Soonchunhyang Medical Science.2022; 28(2): 96. CrossRef
A novel microRNA-based signature predicts prognosis among nasopharyngeal cancer patients Tianyu Wang, Jian Wu, Yun Wu, Yin Cheng, Yue Deng, Jianchun Liao, Huanhai Liu, Hu Peng Experimental Biology and Medicine.2021; 246(1): 72. CrossRef
Impact on All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Rates of Coronary Artery Calcifications Detected during Organized, Low-Dose, Computed-Tomography Screening for Lung Cancer: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis Sébastien Gendarme, Helene Goussault, Jean-Baptiste Assié, Cherifa Taleb, Christos Chouaïd, Thierry Landre Cancers.2021; 13(7): 1553. CrossRef
Long-term mortality of living kidney donors: a systematic review and meta-analysis Jae Joon Park, Kyeongmin Kim, Jin Yong Choi, Sung Ryul Shim, Jae Heon Kim International Urology and Nephrology.2021; 53(8): 1563. CrossRef
Efficacy of testosterone replacement therapy for treating metabolic disturbances in late-onset hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta-analysis Si Hyun Kim, Jae Joon Park, Ki Hong Kim, Hee Jo Yang, Doo Sang Kim, Chang Ho Lee, Youn Soo Jeon, Sung Ryul Shim, Jae Heon Kim International Urology and Nephrology.2021; 53(9): 1733. CrossRef
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Impact of Proficiency-based Progression Simulation Training on Performance Outcomes Elio Mazzone, Stefano Puliatti, Marco Amato, Brendan Bunting, Bernardo Rocco, Francesco Montorsi, Alexandre Mottrie, Anthony G. Gallagher Annals of Surgery.2021; 274(2): 281. CrossRef
Research and scholarly methods: Meta‐analysis William L. Baker, Diana M. Sobieraj JACCP: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY.2021; 4(9): 1170. CrossRef
Cancer Risk After Radioactive Iodine Treatment for Hyperthyroidism Sung Ryul Shim, Cari M. Kitahara, Eun Shil Cha, Seong-Jang Kim, Ye Jin Bang, Won Jin Lee JAMA Network Open.2021; 4(9): e2125072. CrossRef
Antibiotic Prophylaxis in the Prevention of Postoperative Infections in Mandibular Third Molar Extractions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Saturnino Marco Lupi, Giorgia Olivieri, Jessica Landini, Andrea Ferrigno, Plinio Richelmi, Claudia Todaro, Ruggero Rodriguez y Baena Applied Sciences.2021; 11(20): 9449. CrossRef
Effects of Taekwondo Training on Body Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Seunghui Baek, Jong-Beom Park, Sang-Hwan Choi, Jae-Don Lee, Sang-Seok Nam International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(21): 11550. CrossRef
Proficiency Based Progression (PBP) training- the future model for dental operative skills training?: A systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature Elaine Kehily, Elio Mazzone, Niamh Coffey, Finbarr Allen, Anthony Gallagher, Anthony Roberts Journal of Dentistry.2021; : 103906. CrossRef
Prostate cancer specific mortality after 5α-reductase inhibitors medication in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients: systematic review and meta-analysis Jae Joon Park, Hyun Young Lee, Sung Ryul Shim, Sang Wook Lee, Kwang Taek Kim, Jae Heon Kim The Aging Male.2021; 24(1): 80. CrossRef
Adverse events of video capsule endoscopy over the past two decades: a systematic review and proportion meta-analysis Yuan-Chen Wang, Jun Pan, Ya-Wei Liu, Feng-Yuan Sun, Yang-Yang Qian, Xi Jiang, Wen-Bin Zou, Ji Xia, Bin Jiang, Nan Ru, Jia-Hui Zhu, En-Qiang Linghu, Zhao-Shen Li, Zhuan Liao BMC Gastroenterology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Factors associated with Burden of Family Caregivers of Home-dwelling Elderly People with Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Eun Kyung Kim, Heeok Park Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2019; 31(4): 351. CrossRef