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Original Articles
Decomposition of socioeconomic inequalities in glaucoma knowledge in Taiwan
Chiun-Ho Hou, Christy Pu
Epidemiol Health. 2024;46:e2024004.   Published online December 5, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2024004
  • 7,086 View
  • 119 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Glaucoma knowledge is strongly associated with medication adherence and preventive behavior. Studies have frequently reported socioeconomic inequalities in glaucoma knowledge. This study aimed to decompose such inequalities. Decomposition analysis enables the design of policies directly targeting the underlying causes of inequality.
METHODS
We performed a cross-sectional survey from January 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019, at the departments of ophthalmology of 2 medical centers belonging to a hospital chain in northern Taiwan. Socioeconomic inequalities in glaucoma knowledge were ranked based on 3 aspects of socioeconomic status (SES): (1) education, (2) income, and (3) self-perceived financial status. The concentration index was calculated and decomposed using decomposition analysis. Elasticity and marginal effects were estimated for each decomposed factor.
RESULTS
In total, 1,203 patients completed the survey. Both measures of glaucoma knowledge and overall glaucoma knowledge score significantly contributed to the progressivity of knowledge inequalities (pro-high-SES inequalities). The concentration index for overall knowledge score with respect to education was 0.166 (p<0.001). Both objective and subjective measures of SES were associated with pro-high-SES inequalities. Our decomposition analysis revealed that demographic factors and attitudinal factors such as the level of concern regarding developing glaucoma contributed significantly to SES-based inequalities in glaucoma knowledge.
CONCLUSIONS
Our decomposition analysis provided empirical evidence regarding the underlying causes of SES-based inequalities in glaucoma knowledge. Efforts to improve glaucoma knowledge should consider specific factors that drive SES-based inequalities, such as age, sex, and concern about vision health, to ultimately achieve low SES-based inequalities.
Summary
Key Message
This study investigates the relationship between glaucoma knowledge and socioeconomic status (SES) inequalities, and the underlying causes of these disparities. The study concludes that understanding the drivers of SES-based inequalities in glaucoma knowledge, like age, gender, and concerns about vision health, is crucial. This understanding can guide efforts to improve glaucoma awareness and address SES-based disparities in knowledge, aiming to reduce these inequalities.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Association between Household Income and Glaucoma Prevalence in South Korea: A SMOTE-Enhanced Analysis of KNHANES 2021
    So Yeon Kim, Chae Hyun Song, Kyoung Hae Kang, Se Hie Park, Jaekyoung Lee, Jie James Sng, Sooyeon Choe, Jin Wook Jeoung, Ki Ho Park, Young Kook Kim
    Advances in Glaucoma.2025; 14(1): 34.     CrossRef
Misconceptions and stigma against people living with HIV/AIDS: a cross-sectional study from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey
Desi Suantari
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021094.   Published online November 6, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021094
  • 15,507 View
  • 218 Download
  • 13 Web of Science
  • 14 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Data are not available in Indonesia to measure the main indicators of zero new infections, zero acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related deaths and zero discrimination. This study aimed to determine factors related to misconceptions about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and the stigma against people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Indonesia
METHODS
This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). The sample was women and men aged 17-45 years and married (n=3,023).
RESULTS
Education and wealth index quintile were significantly related to misconceptions about HIV transmission. Respondents with low levels of education were more likely to have misconceptions about HIV transmission. Respondents who were in the poorest, poorer, middle, and richer quintiles of the wealth index were more likely to have misconceptions about HIV transmission than those in the richest quintile. Educational level, employment status, and wealth index quintile were predictors of stigma against PLWHA.
CONCLUSIONS
There are still many Indonesian people with misconceptions about HIV transmission and stigma against PLWHA. Future studies should focus on educational programs or interventions aimed at increasing public knowledge and awareness, promoting compassion towards PLWHA, and emphasizing respect for the rights of PLWHA. These interventions are particularly important for populations who are uneducated and living in poverty.
Summary
Key Message
Many Indonesians still experience misconceptions about HIV transmission and stigmatize PLWHA. Educational programs or interventions are needed to increase public knowledge and awareness, promoting compassion towards PLWHA, and emphasizing respect for the rights of PLWHA, particularly among the poor and uneducated.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Can AIDS education reduce HIV stigma? Evidence from Zimbabwe
    Getrude Njokwe, Yoko Kijima
    AIDS Care.2025; 37(3): 512.     CrossRef
  • Knowledge About HIV/AIDS and its Transmission and Misconception Among Women in Thailand: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach
    Jahar Bhowmik, Lakma Gunarathne, Sunil Bhar, Udayan Bhowmik, Pragalathan Apputhurai
    American Journal of Health Promotion.2025; 39(5): 796.     CrossRef
  • Assessing HIV transmission knowledge and rapid test history among the general population in Iran
    Keyvan Karimi, Yosra Azizpour, Maryam Shafaati, Safieh Mohammad Nejad, Reyhaneh Ehsani, Ali Nikfarjam, Mohammad Ebrahimzadeh Mousavi, Samaneh Akbarpour
    Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Rapid Review of HIV-Related Stigma-Reduction Randomized Controlled Trials
    Paul C. J. Berthe, Yanis Ben Amor
    AIDS and Behavior.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Stigma among healthcare workers in HIV antiretroviral services: A cross‐sectional study in Indonesia
    Angga Wilandika, Fatiah Handayani, Salami Salami, Riandi Alfin, Nunik Ayu Elvira
    Tropical Medicine & International Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of public stigma towards people with HIV and its impact on HIV testing uptake: A cross‐sectional study in 64 low‐ and middle‐income countries
    Ana Mendez‐Lopez, Trenton M. White, María José Fuster‐RuizdeApodaca, Jeffrey V. Lazarus
    HIV Medicine.2024; 25(1): 83.     CrossRef
  • The Pandemics of Mass Destruction: A Comparative Analysis of HIV/AIDS and Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Robert Kajiita, Simon Kang'ethe
    Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare.2024; Volume 17: 889.     CrossRef
  • The Unheard Stories: Experiences of Young People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Dealing with Discrimination in the Philippines
    Donna Sombrea, Sofia Liane Santarin, Trixie Gayle Verde, Andrea Tidalgo, Coleen Tolosa
    HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care.2024; Volume 16: 33.     CrossRef
  • Real experience of caregivers of patients with HIV/AIDS from the perspective of iceberg theory: a qualitative research
    Jie Tang, Jingxia Ren, Huiqun Wang, Min Shi, Xiaofeng Jia, Liman Zhang
    BMJ Open.2024; 14(5): e079474.     CrossRef
  • Endorsement of HIV-related stigma among men in Ghana: What are the determinants?
    Sulemana Ansumah Saaka, Roger Antabe, Adedayo Ajidahun
    PLOS ONE.2024; 19(7): e0305811.     CrossRef
  • Determinants of HIV Stigma among Adolescents: A Comparative Analysis of 2007, 2012, and 2017 IDHS Data
    Shabrina Arifia Qatrannada, Zahroh Shaluhiyah, Cahya Tri Purnami, M.I. Kartasurya, J.-H. Han, K.-H. Tsai, S. Nursheena, S. Changrob, N. Lisnawati, A.F. Asna, N. Handayani, D.Z. Nuridzin
    BIO Web of Conferences.2024; 133: 00018.     CrossRef
  • Stigmatizing and discriminatory attitudes toward people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) among general adult population: the results from the 6th Thai National Health Examination Survey (NHES VI)
    Sineenart Chautrakarn, Parichat Ong-Artborirak, Warangkana Naksen, Aksara Thongprachum, Jukkrit Wungrath, Suwat Chariyalertsak, Scott Stonington, Surasak Taneepanichskul, Sawitri Assanangkornchai, Pattapong Kessomboon, Nareemarn Neelapaichit, Wichai Aekpl
    Journal of Global Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Factor Associated with HIV/AIDS knowledge among males: Findings from 2017-18 Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey
    Jamal Abdul Nasir, Muhammad Danish Khan, Syed Arif Ahmed Zaidi
    Journal of Biosocial Science.2023; 55(6): 1169.     CrossRef
  • Knowledge of HIV/AIDS and its determinants in India: Findings from the National Family Health Survey-5 (2019–2021)
    Mansi Malik, Siaa Girotra, Debolina Roy, Saurav Basu
    Population Medicine.2023; 5(May): 1.     CrossRef
Factors affecting awareness of myocardial infarction symptoms among the general public in Korea
Kyong Sil Park
Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020032.   Published online May 18, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020032
  • 17,574 View
  • 252 Download
  • 15 Web of Science
  • 15 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to determine the level of awareness of myocardial infarction (MI) symptoms among the general public in Korea and identify factors affecting awareness of MI symptoms using data from the 2017 Korea Community Health Survey (KCHS).
METHODS
This is a cross-sectional study using KCHS data. Based on five questions about MI symptoms, participants were divided into an awareness group (replied ‘yes’ to all five questions) and an unawareness group (replied ‘no’ or ‘not sure’ to at least one of five questions) for analysis.
RESULTS
Of a total of 228,281 participants, 42.4% were aware of MI symptoms. There was a high level of awareness of chest pain and shortness of breath, but a low level of awareness of gastrointestinal symptoms and pain in the arm, shoulder, jaw, neck, and back. While women had a higher level of overall awareness relative to men, they showed a lower level of awareness regarding chest pain and discomfort. The factors affecting awareness of MI symptoms were gender, age, education level, occupation, smoking, drinking, physical inactivity, and cardiovascular disease risk factors.
CONCLUSIONS
In order to enhance awareness of MI symptoms among the general population, appropriate education and promotion efforts must be implemented based on gender, age, education level, and occupation. Moreover, active efforts by the government, educational institutions, and medical institutions are necessary to improve awareness of both typical and atypical MI symptoms. Furthermore, health policies to promote reduced smoking and drinking and increased physical activity, as well as continuous monitoring and management of individuals with cardiovascular disease risk factors, are required.
Summary
Korean summary
2017년 지역사회건강조사 자료를 분석한 결과, 한국의 심근경색증 증상의 인지율은 42%로 낮은 인식을 보였다. 한국의 지역사회 내 일반인들의 심근경색증 증상의 인지율을 제고하기 위해 성별, 연령, 교육수준, 직업을 고려하여 교육 및 홍보를 실시해야 한다. 그리고, 전형적인 심근경색증 증상뿐만 아니라 비전형적인 심근경색증 증상에 대한 인식에 대한 정부, 교육기관, 의료기관 등의 적극적인 노력이 필요하다. 또한, 금연, 금주, 신체활동 증진에 대한 보건정책적 관리방안과 심혈관질환 위험요인을 가진 대상자들의 지속적인 모니터링 및 관리가 필요하다.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Behavioral delays in seeking care among post-acute myocardial infarction women: a qualitative study following percutaneous coronary intervention
    Vincenza Giordano, Caterina Mercuri, Silvio Simeone, Teresa Rea, Michele Virgolesi, Rita Nocerino, Vincenzo Bosco, Assunta Guillari
    Frontiers in Global Women's Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of health awareness on myocardial infarction
    Ahmed Magdy, Seham Elmarayed, Bassem Zarif, Mohamed Sabry, Ahmed Alsawah, Mohamed E. Hasan, Khaled M. Ismaeil, Mohamed Salama
    Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Spontaneous coronary artery dissection in regions of non-Western populations: a systematic literature search and scoping review
    Rasha Kaddoura, Ashraf Ahmed, Mohammed Al-Hijji, Fathima Aaysha Cader, Mirvat Alasnag, David Adlam, Salvatore De Rosa
    European Heart Journal Open.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Recognition of Early Cardiovascular Disease Symptoms in Hypertensive and Dyslipidemic Individuals of Icheon, Korea: Insights into Educational Levels and Health Literacy
    Jeehye Lee, Dong-Hee Ryu
    Healthcare.2024; 12(7): 736.     CrossRef
  • Awareness of Myocardial Infarction in Nangarhar Residents: A Community Based Study
    Shams Akmal, Ibrahimi Ikramullah , Ahmadzai Hayatullah
    Journal of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine.2024; 9(2): 130.     CrossRef
  • Assessment of myocardial infarctions knowledge, attitudes and beliefs among adults living in Riyadh Saudi Arabia – insights from cross-sectional study
    Wajid Syed, Osama Samarkandi, Abdulmajeed A. Alanazi, Nader Alotaibi, Mahmood Basil A. Al-Rawi
    Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Engaging social activities prevent stroke and myocardial infraction by raising awareness of warning symptoms: A cross-sectional survey study
    Gahyeon Kim, Hyeokjoo Jang, Sebin Kwon, Bumyeol Lee, Suk-Yong Jang, Wonjeong Chae, Sung-In Jang
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • “Recognition of heart attack symptoms and treatment-seeking behaviors: a multi-center survey in Tehran, Iran”
    Elnaz Shahmohamadi, Mojtaba Sedaghat, Arash Rahmani, Farnoosh Larti, Babak Geraiely
    BMC Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Identifying and Solving Gaps in Pre- and In-Hospital Acute Myocardial Infarction Care in Asia-Pacific Countries
    Paul Jie Wen Tern, Amar Vaswani, Khung Keong Yeo
    Korean Circulation Journal.2023; 53(9): 594.     CrossRef
  • Awareness of Myocardial Infarction Symptoms and Risk Factors in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Saad M Alsaab, Ahmed M Almutairi, Ghadi K Alsaadi, Ziyad A Altokhais, Samar H Alabdulqader, Wafa Y Alnofal, Nourah M Alduhaim
    Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Gender and Social Inequalities in Awareness of Coronary Artery Disease in European Countries
    Antonio Daponte-Codina, Emily C. Knox, Inmaculada Mateo-Rodriguez, Amanda Seims, Vera Regitz-Zagrosek, Angela H. E. M. Maas, Alan White, Floris Barnhoorn, Fernando Rosell-Ortiz
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(3): 1388.     CrossRef
  • Blood Pressure Awareness and Knowledge of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases in South Korean Women with Hypertension
    Yeo Won Jeong
    Healthcare.2021; 9(3): 360.     CrossRef
  • Global Awareness of Myocardial Infarction Symptoms in General Population: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Akash Sharma, Karavadi Vidusha, Harshini Suresh, Ajan M. J., Kavinkumar Saravanan, Madhvi Dhamania, Nisha B, Rabbanie Tariq Wani
    Korean Circulation Journal.2021; 51(12): 983.     CrossRef
  • Global Awareness of Myocardial Infarction Symptoms in General Population
    Soo-Joong Kim
    Korean Circulation Journal.2021; 51(12): 997.     CrossRef
  • Disparities in Awareness of Myocardial Infarction and Stroke Symptoms and Response Among United States– and Foreign‐Born Adults in the National Health Interview Survey
    Ivy Mannoh, Ruth‐Alma Turkson‐Ocran, Jasmine Mensah, Danielle Mensah, Stella S. Yi, Erin D. Michos, Yvonne Commodore‐Mensah
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Knowledge of and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS among Iranian women
Ehsan Zarei, Roghayeh Khabiri, Maryam Tajvar, Shirin Nosratnejad
Epidemiol Health. 2018;40:e2018037.   Published online August 3, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2018037
  • 18,689 View
  • 340 Download
  • 18 Web of Science
  • 19 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study investigated the knowledge of Iranian women about HIV/AIDS and whether they had accepting attitudes towards people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and sought to identify factors correlated with their knowledge and attitudes.
METHODS
The data analyzed in the present study were taken from Iran’s Multiple Indicator Demographic and Health Survey, a national survey conducted in 2015. In total, 42,630 women aged 15-49 years were identified through multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling and interviewed. Associations of the socio-demographic characteristics of participants with their knowledge and attitudes were examined using multiple logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
The majority (79.0%) of Iranian women had heard about HIV/AIDS, but only 19.1% had a comprehensive knowledge. In addition, only 15.4% of women had accepting attitudes toward people with HIV. Being older, married, more highly educated, and wealthier were factors associated with having more comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS, and living in urban areas was associated with having more positive attitudes toward people with HIV.
CONCLUSIONS
The relatively poor knowledge of Iranian women and the low prevalence of accepting attitudes toward people living with HIV highlight the need to develop policies and interventions to overcome this issue, which would be a basis for further prevention of HIV/AIDS in Iran.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Social acceptance of people living with HIV/AIDS and its correlates among students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
    Reyhane Izadi, Fatemeh Alsadat Hosseini, Mohsen Khosravi, Sajad Delavari
    Journal of HIV/AIDS & Social Services.2025; 23(2): 97.     CrossRef
  • Study on HIV knowledge and cultural attitudes about sexuality among Chinese college students
    Daiyan Liu, Yanhong Liu, Zhengjia Ren
    BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Knowledge and attitudes of medical undergraduate students in Malaysia on people living with human immunodeficiency virus
    Kok-Yong Chin, Yi Xuan Lee, Ke Ran Tee, Perianayagi Meera Letchuman, Hashwin Tejpal SinghSingh, Xiaohui Gao, Zhang Ling Li Sik, Arulselvi Manoharan, Zhi Sean Teng, Muhammad Zulkarnain Abd Rahim, Shi Yun Lee, Felice Xiao Yuan Yeap, Jeevan Kathiresan, Wen H
    Discover Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Study on Awareness of AIDS Knowledge and Its Influencing Factors among Older People Aged 60 and above in Yongchuan District of Chongqing
    山 李
    Aging Research.2024; 11(01): 34.     CrossRef
  • Comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS and associated factors among reproductive age women in Liberia
    Beminate Lemma Seifu, Gilbert Eshun, Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema, Frank Kyei-Arthur
    BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • HIV Stigma in Awi Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, and a Unique Community Association as a Potential Partner
    Muluken Azage Yenesew, Gizachew Yismaw, Dabere Nigatu, Yibeltal Alemu, Addisu Gasheneit, Taye Zeru, Belay Bezabih, Getahun Abate
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(8): 982.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of inadequate HIV knowledge and its associated factors among the Malaysia general population: findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2020
    Muhammad Azri Adam Adnan, Norhafizah Sahril, Mohamad Aznuddin Abd Razak, Norliza Shamsuddin, Mohd Hazrin Hasim Hashim, Mohd Hatta Abdul Mutalip
    Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Sociodemographic factors associated with knowledge and adequate attitudes about HIV in women of reproductive age from Peru
    Isaac Echenique, Willer Chanduvi, Willy Ramos, Marcos Saavedra-Velasco, Jhony A. De La Cruz-Vargas, Ericson L. Gutierrez
    Journal of Education and Health Promotion.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Knowledge and practice of high school students regarding HIV/AIDS prevention and transmission: Results from a cross-sectional study in an Iranian less-developed, high-risk region
    Alireza Mohamadian, Hamid Sharifi, Jafar Hassanzadeh, Mohsen Mohebbi-Nodezh, Mohammad Mohebbi-Nodezh, Hossein M. Vardanjani
    Journal of Education and Health Promotion.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Public Awareness and Stigmatizing Attitudes toward People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in Saudi Arabia
    Marwan J. Alwazzeh, Abdullah H. Kabbani, Muhannad A. Alghamdi, Khalid I. Alharbi, Abdullah A. Qoqandi, Abdulrazaq I. Alsomali, Jose Ramon Fiore
    The Open AIDS Journal.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Determination of Women’s Level of Knowledge and Attitudes towards AIDS
    Gülpınar ASLAN, Ayşe Berivan BAKAN
    Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi.2023; 7(3): 522.     CrossRef
  • Understanding Women’s Knowledge, Awareness, and Perceptions of STIs/STDs in Asia: A Scoping Review
    Wandeep Kaur, Vimala Balakrishnan, Ian Ng Zhi Wei, Annabel Yeo Yung Chen, Zhao Ni
    Healthcare.2023; 11(19): 2643.     CrossRef
  • Correlates of prevalent HIV infection among adolescents, young adults, and older adult female sex workers in Ghana: Analysis of data from the Ghana biobehavioral survey
    Chris Guure, Samuel Dery, Seth Afagbedzi, Ernest Maya, Frances Baaba da-Costa Vroom, Kwasi Torpey, Daniel Yaw Fiaveh
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    Erik Lamontagne, Hasiya Yunusa Nyako, Amaka Enemo, Aaron Sunday, Amira Muhammad, Rilwan Mohammed Abdullah, Henry Okiwu, Veronica Undelikwo, Pamela Ogbozor, Oluwaranmilowo Amusan, Oluwatoyin Alaba, Gabriel Undelikwo, Koubagnine Takpa, Greg Ashefor, Matthew
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    Kanjana Treejan, Peerawat Jinatongthai, Summana Moolasarn, Bee Yean Low, Claire Anderson, Teeraporn Supapaan
    Journal of the American Pharmacists Association.2022; 62(4): 1249.     CrossRef
  • Socio-Economic and Demographic Factors Associated with Knowledge and Attitude of HIV/AIDS among Women Aged 15–49 Years Old in Indonesia
    Feny Deya Virdausi, Ferry Efendi, Tiyas Kusumaningrum, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Lisa McKenna, Kadar Ramadhan, Ika Adelia Susanti
    Healthcare.2022; 10(8): 1545.     CrossRef
  • The Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV/AIDS Transmission at Public Health Centers: A Phenomenology Study
    Dhesi Ari Astuti, Mohammad Hakimi, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, Ida Safitri Laksanawati, Atik Triratnawati
    The Open Nursing Journal.2021; 15(1): 195.     CrossRef
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    Nishanth Krishna Kodyalamoole, Sanjeev B Badiger
    Muller Journal of Medical Sciences and Research.2021; 12(2): 70.     CrossRef
  • Knowledge gaps of STIs in Africa; Systematic review
    Marwan M. Badawi, Maryam A. SalahEldin, Alaa B. Idris, Elfatih A. Hasabo, Zeinab H. Osman, Widad M. Osman, Jayanta Bhattacharya
    PLOS ONE.2019; 14(9): e0213224.     CrossRef
Knowledge, attitudes, and behavioural risk factors regarding zoonotic infections among bushmeat hunters and traders in Nsukka, southeast Nigeria
Kingsley Uchenna Ozioko, Chris Ikem Okoye, Rose Nduka Obiezue, Raymond Awudu Agbu
Epidemiol Health. 2018;40:e2018025.   Published online June 16, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2018025
  • 25,213 View
  • 272 Download
  • 16 Web of Science
  • 16 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
In light of the dramatic spread of Ebola virus in some parts of Africa and the 2014 outbreak in Nigeria, a study was conducted to evaluate bushmeat dealers’ knowledge and attitudes about zoonotic infections and the risk of transmission to humans.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a community in Nsukka, southeast Nigeria. Hunters (n=34) and bushmeat traders (n=42) were interviewed. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to generate the data. The Fisher exact test was used to evaluate the significance of differences between these groups.
RESULTS
Only 11.8% of the hunters, as compared to 35.7% of the traders, had no knowledge of possible causes of zoonotic infections (p<0.05). However, 64.7% of the hunters, compared to 38.1% of the traders, were ignorant regarding the responsibility of public health personnel and veterinarians (p<0.05), and 76.5% of the hunters compared to 42.9% of the traders were ignorant regarding the existence of zoonoses in Nigeria (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference was also found between these groups regarding the risk of contracting an infection from ectoparasites (p<0.05). The attitudes of respondents towards zoonotic diseases did not differ significantly between the groups.
CONCLUSIONS
The level of awareness about zoonotic diseases was low in this area, underscoring the need for interventions.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices to Foodborne Zoonotic Diseases and Their Associated Factors in and Around Debre Tabor City, Northwest Ethiopia
    Balemual Abebaw, Sisay Assefie, Antonio Ortega-Pacheco
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    Benjamin Nuhu Tingbani, Ezekiel Kofi Vicar, Stephen Apanga, Elijah Bisuman Sambian, Samuel Tamanyian Suuk, Edmond Nakinpaak Biibantib, Williams Walana
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    Hamilton Majiwa, Salome A. Bukachi, Dalmas Omia, Eric M. Fèvre
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    Jack Jenkins, Wahab Lawundeh, Tommy Hanson, Hannah Brown, Daniel Oladimeji Oluwayelu
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Differences in agricultural activities related to incidence of scrub typhus between Korea and Japan
Chang-Jin Ma, Gyung-Jae Oh, Gong-Unn Kang, Jeong Mi Lee, Da-Un Lee, Hae-Sung Nam, So Yeon Ryu, Young-Hoon Lee
Epidemiol Health. 2017;39:e2017051.   Published online November 9, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2017051
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to establish a basis for improving or strengthening the preventive strategy against scrub typhus in Korea by comparing and analyzing the difference of prevention behaviors contributing to the occurrence of scrub typhus in Japan and Korea.
METHODS
The survey was carried out in Jeollabuk-do, which is a high risk and high incidence area, and Fukuoka Prefecture, which is a high risk and low incidence area. The study included 406 Korean farmers and 216 Japanese farmers. Data were collected through face-to-face surveys by interviewers who had completed standardized education.
RESULTS
Korean farmers have a higher percentage of agricultural working posture that involved contact with weeds than Japanese farmers (p<0.05). The frequency and proportion of weeding were lower in Korean farmers than in Japanese farmers (p<0.05). The level of knowledge about scrub typhus was significantly higher among Korean farmers than among Japanese farmers (p<0.05). Mostly, the behavior of agriculture work was more appropriate for Japanese farmers than for Korean farmers (p<0.05). The total average level of agricultural work was lower in Korea than in Japan, lower in men than women, and lower in part-time farmers than full-time farmers (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that it is reasonable to develop and provide a program that can improve the level of preventive behavior taking into consideration the characteristics of the subject in order to reduce the incidence of diseases in high-risk areas for scrub typhus.
Summary
Korean summary
이 연구는 쯔쯔가무시증 발생 위험은 공통으로 존재하나 발생률 및 발생 건수에서는 현저한 차이를 나타내는 한·일 농업인들의 털진드기 매개체에 대한 접촉과 관련된 행태나 환경 관리의 차이를 파악하였다. 연구결과 한국은 일본에 비해 환경관리 수준이 낮고, 풀숲과 접촉할 수 있는 농작업 자세를 더 취하고 있었으며, 쯔쯔가무시증에 대한 지식 수준은 높으나 예방행태 수행 수준은 낮았다. 이 연구는 한국의 농업인들의 쯔쯔가무시증 발생을 억제하기 위해서는 예방행태를 향상시킬 수 있는 프로그램 개발과 제공이 필요함을 제시하고 있다.

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Reporting of National Notifiable Infectious Diseases (NNIDs) and Related Characteristics.
Ye soon Kim, Kee ho Park, Hyo soon Yoo, Jun wook Kwon, Euichul Shin
Korean J Epidemiol. 2007;29(2):200-210.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
communicable diseases. The purposes of the study is to estimate reporting proportion of National Notifiable Infectious Diseases(NNIDs) and investigate characteristics related to reporting using KAP(knowledge, attitude, practice) model.
METHOD
We surveyed randomly selected 2,185 physicians (speciality: internal medicine, family medicine, pediatrics, dermatology, general physicians) of their knowledge, attitude, and practice of NNIDs reporting through self-administered mail questionnaires. Of them, 231 physicians responded (response proportion: 10.6%).
RESULT
The reporting proportion was estimated to 27.0%. Recognition level (knowledge) of NNIDs was relatively high with proportion of 69.4%, and attitude (public health importance) of reporting was 65.8%. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that knowledge, attitude significantly affected physicians' reporting in a positive direction (O.R. 6.2, 6.2 respectively). Whereas, senior age group, specialty (family medicine, pediatrics, dermatology) showed significantly lower reporting. General (tertiary care) hospital level of care showed significantly higher reporting practice (alpha=0.05).
CONCLUSION
The NNIDs reporting proportion, 27.0% is similar with those studied recently. Continuous efforts to increase the performance level of communicable diseases surveillance system. Of those, restructuring surveillance systems considering characteristics of notifiable diseases classes must be stressed. Educational approach of physicians needs to be tailored specially to newly-designated diseases such as Group II, Designated Group NNIDs.
Summary
Knowledges and Attitudes of College Student to Aquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.
Jin Ho Chun, Seong Hoon Lee, Hae Sook Sohn, Jong Tae Lee
Korean J Epidemiol. 2002;24(1):37-53.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Though AIDS is one of the most serious and world-wide health problem, there have been developed no effective control measure but individually oriented prevention. This study was performed to help preparing the efficient control program for college student who are sexually active, considered as a risk group for HIV infection.
METHODS
Subjects were 852 college students of one university in Gyungsangnam-do. From September to October 2001, questionnaire survey on the students' knowledge and attitude, and status of health education about AIDS (HEAIDS) was done. Collected data was analyzed using SAS (ver 6.21) program.
RESULTS
The subjects were freshman (52.1%) and enrollment (47.9%), with department of medicine (19.1%), nursing (25.8%), health administration (9.1%), business (11.4%), chemical (16.2%), food (8.8%), gymnastics (9.5%). Though about 90% of them agreed with the necessity of HEAIDS, half of them (54.7%) had no experience of HEAIDS and most (88.1%) of them considered it had been insufficient. The informations about AIDS was acquired mainly from TV newspaper (73.0%), but partly from specified health education (16.1%). They have no experience of unsafe sexual contact (96.1%), however, they considered that they can have accidental sexual contact (22.7%) in the future. Response for intention to use of preventative condom use was certainly (66.7%) and questionable (33.3%). About the knowledges on HIV infection and transmission, most of them knew relatively well about no curative medicine (94.8%), infected by sexual contact (85.7%), common use of needle (96.4%), transfusion (95.2%), transplantation (89.8%), longitudinal infection (88.7%). However, the correct answer rate was relatively low in clinical spectrum; can maintain normal life with medical care (31.0%), and some transmission route; kiss (46.9%), cough sneezing (45.8%), common use of bowl towl (49.1%) and bath (43.4%), insect like mosquitos (49.1%), razor (35.4%). The mean level of the knowledges on HIV infection and transmission was 67.5 and 71.6 out of a possible 100, respectively. The knowledge level (p=0.003) and certainty to use of preventable condom use (p=0.001) was higher in HEAIDS experienced group. Experiences to HEAIDS was more in enrollment (50.5%) than freshman (40.5%) (p=0.004), medicine (51.4%) than health (32.1%) and general (41.9%) by department group (p=0.001). With regard to the attitudes on HIV infection, they didn't agreed with 'had intention to check themselves for HIV infection (94.2%)', 'case or suspected case can attend to same school with my children (71.8%)', 'had intention to join in clinical trial of new regimen for AIDS (74.4%)'.
CONCLUSIONS
This result showed that present status of HEAIDS for college students is still insufficient. Because the knowledges and attitudes about AIDS are influenced by HEAIDS, professional and efficient education program would be emphasized on the practical level for health protection, eg, preventative condom use. This study has also another meanings to reveal the positive effect and to recall the motive for individual-based prevention
Summary
Knowledges and Attitudes of Overseas Seamen on HIV Infection.
Jin Ho Chun, Bok Soon Oh
Korean J Epidemiol. 1999;21(1):8-19.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Though AIDS is one of the most serious health problem in worldwide, there have been developed no effective control measure yet. Therefore, individual-based prevention is the only way to control AIDS. Because overseas seamen would be considered as a high risk group for HIV infection due to their life style, this study was conducted in order to provide some informations for preparing the control program fit for them.
METHODS
The knowledges and attitudes on HIV infection among 201 Korean male overseas seamen - who were belonged to the one shipping company - were surveyed through questionnaire The survey was conducted for 2 months from October 1, 1997 and the results were analyzed by PC SAS (ver 6.12).
RESULTS
The mean age of the subjects was 36.4 years old, and the average tenure was 10.6years. 69.2% of them were married. The information about AIDS was acquired mostly from television(40.3%) and newspapers or magazines(32.8%). 30.8% of them have not received any AIDS-related education, and 66.7% were not satisfied with the fidelity of education. About the knowledges on HIV infection, most of them knew relatively well about cause(84.1%), diagnosis(97.0%), epidemiology (94.5%) etc, however, they did not know about clinical spectrum and treatability well. With regard to the transmission of AIDS, most of them knew relatively well about needle(93.0%), longitudinal infection(92.5%), transfusion(91.0%), homosexuality(88.0%), trans plantation(81.6%), sexual contact (80.1%). However, they showed different responses about kiss, cough sneezing, mosquitos, and razor. With regard to the attitudes on HIV infection, they weighted 'isolation', for example, 'patients isolation'(65.7%), 'school-life isolation'(54.2%), 'divorce with his wife'(41.8%). There showed rather accurate knowledges and resonable attitudes in the educated group, and the response of 'will divorce with his wife' was higher in older group. With regard to the characteristics on sexual life, the possibility of future sexual contact was higher in the uneducated group, and intention to use of preventative condoms was higher in the seamanship group than the sailer group, but no difference by marrital status.
CONCLUSIONS
It should be emphasized to get the accurate knowledge about HIV infection through health education, especially focused on the practical levels, eg, preventative use of condoms during sexual contacts. This study has also another meanings to reveal the positive effect and to recall the motive for individual-based prevention.
Summary
The Changing Pattern of Cigarette Smoking of Students in Junior and Senior High Schools in Korea: 1988-1997.
Il Suh, Sun Ha Jee, Soh Yoon Kim, Dong Choun Shin, Soh Yeon Ryu, Il Soon Kim
Korean J Epidemiol. 1998;20(2):257-266.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
In order to examine the actual condition of smoking, the change of knowledge and the attitude on smoking of the students attending junior and senior high schools in Korea, the survey was performed six times ranging from 1988 to 1997. The first two years, the survey was performed only for male students. Since 1991, both male and female students were surveyed. The students in junior and senior high school were selected by a random sampling method and surveyed by mail. In this survey, the number of classes of Junior and senior high schools in Korea was a sampling unit, and the classes were selected in proportion to the number of classes of each city and each county. The total number of respondents was 3,437 in 1988, 3,055 in 1989, 6,087 in 1991(2,923 of male, 3,164 of female), 7,067 in 1993(3,162 of male, 3,905 of female), 5,412 in 1995(2,598 of male, 2,814 of female), 4,754 in 1997(2,281 of male, 2,473 of female). The results obtained from the data analysis are as follows; 1.The ratio of smokers among male junior high school students has increased from 1.8% in 1988 to 3.9% in 1997. The ratio of smokers among female junior high school students has increased from 1.2% in 1991 to 3.9% in 1997. The ratio of smokers among male senior high school students has increased from 23.9% in 1988 to 35.3% in 1997. The ratio of smokers among male senior high school students has increased from 23.9% in 1988 to 35.3% 1997. And the ratio of smokers among female senior high school students has increased from 3.0% in 1991 to 8.7% in 1997. Especially the ratio of smokers among female junior high school students is same as that of male in 1997. 2. With respect to areas, the number of current smokers and the experienced ones was higher in the county than in the city in 1988. But in 1997, the number of current smokers and the experienced one is higher in the city than in the county. 3. In respect of whether or not there is a smoker among the member of a family, the odds ratio of smoking among the male senior high school students was 1.70 in 1988 and 1.94 in 1997. the odds ratio of smoking among female senior high school students was 1.43 in 1991 and 1.98 in 1997. This result showed that the effect of family smoking on adolescent smoking has not decreased.
Summary
Epidemiol Health : Epidemiology and Health
© Korean Society of Epidemiology.
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