OBJECTIVES Numerous studies have reported associations between atopic dermatitis (AD) and depression, but the causal relationship between the 2 diseases has not been established. Therefore, this study used the propensity score method to investigate whether there was a positive causal effect of AD on depression in 16 regions (cities and provinces) in Korea.
METHODS
The study analyzed 16 regions (cities and provinces) in Korea, using data obtained from the Korea Community Health Survey for the years 2010-2013. Propensity score matching was used to estimate the causal influence of AD on depression in Korea.
RESULTS
After propensity score matching, the standardized difference for each covariate among the 16 regions (cities and provinces) was less than 1, indicating a balance between the case and control groups. At the national level, those diagnosed with AD had a 2.31 times higher risk for being diagnosed with depression than those who had not been diagnosed with AD. In particular, the risk was highest in North Jeolla Province (odds ratio [OR], 4.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.28 to 10.43) and lowest in Gwangju (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 0.87 to 3.79), and the OR for Seoul was 2.23 (95% CI, 1.66 to 2.99).
CONCLUSIONS
This study provides insights into how causal inferences can be derived from observational studies, through an analysis of Korea Community Health Survey data. Furthermore, the study results have implications for region-specific guidelines for preventive health policies targeting depression.
Summary
Korean summary
성향 점수 매칭을 이용하여 전국 및 16개 시/도 별 아토피 피부염과 우울증 사이의 인과성을 추정한 결과, 전국에서 아토피 피부염을 진단 받은 사람이 진단 받지 않은 사람들에 비해 우울증 위험도가 2.38배 높았다(CI: 1.29-4.38).
Citations
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Epidemiology of mental health comorbidity in patients with atopic dermatitis: An analysis of global trends from 1998 to 2022 Xiao‐ce Cai, Si‐han Wang, Chun‐xiao Wang, Liu Liu, Jiao Wang, Yu‐hong Shen, Xin Li Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.2024; 38(3): 496. CrossRef
Risk of depression in patients with atopic dermatitis: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis of children, adolescent and adult groups Lihua Cao, Jiangwei Su, Fang Tian, Yang Zhou, Songchun Liu, Fanglu Lou Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Analysis of Quality of Life and Mental Health in Patients With Atopic Dermatitis, Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis Using a Nation-wide Database, KNHANES VII Gyu Na Lee, Ha Yeh Rin Koo, Kyungdo Han, Young Bok Lee Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research.2022; 14(2): 273. CrossRef
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OBJECTIVES Smoking and passive smoking have been extensively reported as risk factors of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite the biological mechanisms underlying the impact of hazardous chemical substances contained in tobacco in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), studies investigating the association between smoking and passive smoking with morbidity are at an inchoate stage in Korea. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the risks of smoking and passive smoking on cardiovascular morbidity at the national and regional levels.
METHODS
This study calculated sex-standardized and age-standardized prevalence of CVD and smoking indices in 253 community health centers (si/gun/gu) in Korea using the 2008-2013 Korea Community Health Survey data. Furthermore, a Bayesian hierarchical model was used to estimate the association of smoking and passive smoking with the prevalence of CVD from the national and regional community health centers.
RESULTS
At the national level, smoking was significantly associated with stroke (relative risk [RR], 1.060) and hypertension (RR, 1.016) prevalence, whilst passive smoking at home and work were also significantly associated with prevalence of stroke (RR, 1.037/1.013), angina (RR, 1.016/1.006), and hypertension (RR, 1.010/1.004). Furthermore, the effects of smoking and passive smoking were greater in urban-industrial areas than in rural areas.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study would provide grounds for national policies that limit smoking and passive smoking, as well as regionally serve as the basis for region-specific healthcare policies in populations with high CVD vulnerability.
Summary
Korean summary
베이지안 계층화 방법을 이용하여 흡연 및 간접 흡연과 심혈관계 질환 유병의 전국 및 시/군/구별 연관성을 추정한 결과, 흡연은 뇌졸중 (RR=1.060) 과 고혈압 (RR=1.016) 유병에 유의하게 연관되었다.
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