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Original Article
- The association between the consumption of raw Kudoa septempunctata–infected farmed Paralichthys olivaceus and gastrointestinal symptoms
- Jihye An, En-Joo Jung, Soon-Ok Lee, Jong-Hoon Choi, JungHee Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Sung-Hee Hong, Jung-Won Ju, Hyungjun Kim, Kwang-Pil Ko
- Epidemiol Health. 2026;48:e2026003. Published online January 19, 2026
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2026003
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AbstractOBJECTIVES
<i>Kudoa septempunctata</i> has been identified as the causative agent of food poisoning following the consumption of raw farmed <i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>. However, cohort studies providing robust evidence for an association between <i>K. septempunctata</i> and gastrointestinal symptoms remain limited. This prospective cohort study investigated the association between the consumption of <i>K. septempunctata</i>–infected farmed <i>P. olivaceus</i> and the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms.METHODSIndividuals who purchased raw farmed <i>P. olivaceus</i> between 2020 and 2021 were selected as the study population. Study data included 2 rounds of questionnaire surveys administered before and after consumption, 2 muscle specimens obtained from each purchased fish, and human biological specimens collected from individuals who developed gastrointestinal symptoms within 24 hours after consumption. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and t-test, and the association between consumption of <i>K. septempunctata</i>–infected farmed <i>P. olivaceus</i> and gastrointestinal symptoms was evaluated using relative risk estimates between exposure groups.RESULTSThe relative risk of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with exposure to <i>K. septempunctata</i>–infected <i>P. olivaceus</i> ranged from 71.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 27.0 to 178.6) to 124.5 (95% CI, 43.5 to 355.0) across the 2 case definitions. A strong and statistically significant association was observed between exposure to <i>K. septempunctata</i>–infected <i>P. olivaceus</i> and the development of acute gastrointestinal symptoms.CONCLUSIONSThese findings indicate both an association and a causal relationship between consumption of <i>K. septempunctata</i>–infected farmed <i>P. olivaceus</i> and the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms. -
SummaryKorean summary
본 연구는 Kudoa septempunctata에 감염된 광어회 섭취가 위장관 증상과 연관되며, 감염 강도와 섭취량에 따라 증상의 중증도가 증가한다는 전향적 근거를 제시한다. 이러한 결과는 역학적 공백을 보완하며, 감시체계 강화와 예방 중심의 정책 마련의 필요성을 강조한다.Key Message
This study provides prospective evidence that consumption of raw halibut infected with Kudoa septempunctata is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms, with the severity of symptoms increasing with the intensity of infection and the amount consumed. These results address a gap in epidemiological knowledge and highlight the need for strengthened surveillance systems and prevention-focused policies.
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