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13 "Jalal Poorolajal"
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Original article
National trends and projection of chronic kidney disease incidence according to etiology from 1990 to 2030 in Iran: a Bayesian age-period-cohort modeling study
Fatemeh Shahbazi, Amin Doosti-Irani, Alireza Soltanian, Jalal Poorolajal
Epidemiol Health. 2023;e2023027.   Published online February 17, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023027    [Accepted]
  • 649 View
  • 56 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
Objectives
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem worldwide. Predicting CKD incidence rates and case numbers at the national and global levels is vital for planning CKD prevention programs.
Methods
Data on CKD incidence rates and case numbers in Iran from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease online database. The average annual percentage change was computed to determine the temporal trends in CKD age-standardized incidence rates from 1990 to 2019. A Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to predict the CKD incidence rate and case numbers through 2030.
Results
Nationally, CKD cases increased from 97,300 in 1990 to 315,500 in 2019. The age-specific CKD incidence rate increased from 168.52 per 100,000 to 382.98 per 100,000 during the same period. Between 2020 and 2030, the number of CKD cases is projected to rise to 423,300. The age-specific CKD incidence rate is projected to increase to 469.04 in 2030 (95% credible interval [CrI], 399.20-538.87). In all age groups and etiological categories, the CKD incidence rate is forecasted to increase by 2030.
Conclusions
CKD case numbers and incidence rates are anticipated to increase in Iran through 2030. The high level of CKD incidence in people with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and glomerulonephritis, as well as in older people, suggests a deficiency of attention to these populations in current prevention plans and highlights their importance in future programs for the national control of CKD.
Summary
Korean summary
Key Message
Methods
Equivalence model: A new graphical model for causal inference
Jalal Poorolajal
Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020024.   Published online April 9, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020024
  • 8,938 View
  • 179 Download
  • 4 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
Although several causal models relevant to epidemiology have been proposed, a key question that has remained unanswered is why some people at high-risk for a particular disease do not develop the disease while some people at low-risk do develop it. The equivalence model, proposed herein, addresses this dilemma. The equivalence model provides a graphical description of the overall effect of risk and protective factors at the individual level. Risk factors facilitate the occurrence of the outcome (the development of disease), whereas protective factors inhibit that occurrence. The equivalence model explains how the overall effect relates to the occurrence of the outcome. When a balance exists between risk and protective factors, neither can overcome the other; therefore, the outcome will not occur. Similarly, the outcome will not occur when the units of the risk factor(s) are less than or equal to the units of the protective factor(s). In contrast, the outcome will occur when the units of the risk factor(s) are greater than the units of the protective factor(s). This model can be used to describe, in simple terms, causal inferences in complex situations with multiple known and unknown risk and protective factors. It can also justify how people with a low level of exposure to one or more risk factor(s) may be affected by a certain disease while others with a higher level of exposure to the same risk factor(s) may remain unaffected.
Summary
Korean summary
Key Message

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Risk of primary lung cancer after breast cancer radiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Bushra Zareie, Mohammad Aziz Rasouli, Jalal Poorolajal
    Breast Cancer.2022; 29(2): 361.     CrossRef
  • The effect of silica exposure on the risk of lung cancer: A dose-response meta-analysis
    Fatemeh Shahbazi, Mina Morsali, Jalal Poorolajal
    Cancer Epidemiology.2021; 75: 102024.     CrossRef
  • Factors for the Primary Prevention of Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies
    Jalal Poorolajal, Fatemeh Heidarimoghis, Manoochehr Karami, Zahra Cheraghi, Fatemeh Gohari-Ensaf, Fatemeh Shahbazi, Bushra Zareie, Pegah Ameri, Fatemeh Sahraei
    Journal of Research in Health Sciences.2021; 21(3): e00520.     CrossRef
  • The Epidemiology of Aggression and Associated Factors among Iranian Adult Population: A National Survey
    Jalal Poorolajal, Bahram Ebrahimi, Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai, Amin Doosti-Irani, Mahnaz Alizadeh, Jamal Ahmadpoor, Leila Moradi, Azam Biderafsh, Fateme Nikbakht, Zakie Golmohammadi, Ehsan Sarbazi, Samira Bahadivand, Marzieh Jahani Sayad Noveiri, Maryam R
    Journal of Research in Health Sciences.2020; 20(4): e00499.     CrossRef
Systematic Review
Risk factors for stomach cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Jalal Poorolajal, Leila Moradi, Younes Mohammadi, Zahra Cheraghi, Fatemeh Gohari-Ensaf
Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020004.   Published online February 2, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020004
  • 21,088 View
  • 781 Download
  • 92 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This report provides information on 14 behavioral and nutritional factors that can be addressed in stomach cancer prevention programs.
METHODS
PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched through December 2018. Reference lists were also screened. Observational studies addressing the associations between stomach cancer and behavioral factors were analyzed. Between-study heterogeneity was investigated using the χ2, τ2, and I2 statistics. The likelihood of publication bias was explored using the Begg and Egger tests and trim-and-fill analysis. Effect sizes were expressed as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effects model.
RESULTS
Of 52,916 identified studies, 232 (including 33,831,063 participants) were eligible. The OR (95% CI) of factors associated with stomach cancer were as follows: Helicobacter pylori infection, 2.56 (95% CI, 2.18 to 3.00); current smoking, 1.61 (95% CI, 1.49 to 1.75); former smoking 1.43 (95% CI, 1.29 to 1.59); current drinking, 1.19 (95% CI, 1.10 to 1.29); former drinking, 1.73 (95% CI, 1.17 to 2.56); overweight/obesity, 0.89 (95% CI, 0.74 to 1.08); sufficient physical activity, 0.83 (95% CI, 0.68 to 1.02); consumption of fruits ≥3 times/wk, 0.48 (95% CI, 0.37 to 0.63); consumption of vegetables ≥3 times/wk, 0.62 (95% CI, 0.49 to 0.79); eating pickled vegetables, 1.28 (95% CI, 1.09 to 1.51); drinking black tea, 1.00 (95% CI, 0.84 to 1.20); drinking green tea, 0.88 (95% CI, 0.80 to 0.97); drinking coffee, 0.99 (95% CI, 0.88 to 1.11); eating fish ≥1 time/wk 0.79 (95% CI, 0.61 to 1.03); eating red meat ≥4 times/wk 1.31 (95% CI, 0.87 to 1.96), and high salt intake 3.78 (95% CI, 1.74 to 5.44) and 1.34 (95% CI, 0.88 to 2.03), based on two different studies.
CONCLUSIONS
This meta-analysis provided a clear picture of the behavioral and nutritional factors associated with the development of stomach cancer. These results may be utilized for ranking and prioritizing preventable risk factors to implement effective prevention programs.
Summary
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Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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Original Articles
Life expectancy of HIV-positive patients after diagnosis in Iran from 1986 to 2016: A retrospective cohort study at national and sub-national levels
Mohammad Mirzaei, Maryam Farhadian, Jalal Poorolajal, Parvin Afasr Kazerooni, Katayoun Tayeri, Younes Mohammadi
Epidemiol Health. 2018;40:e2018053.   Published online November 7, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2018053
  • 8,131 View
  • 161 Download
  • 2 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Little is known about the life expectancy of individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Iran. This study therefore aimed to estimate the life expectancy of HIV-positive patients in Iran.
METHODS
In this retrospective cohort study, we extracted data from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and the Death Registration System. We included patients aged 20 years and older who had a specified date of diagnosis. We estimated life expectancy and its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Chiang’s methodology.
RESULTS
The overall life expectancy at the national level was 23.1 years (95% CI, 22.6 to 23.5). Life expectancy was 21.6 years (95% CI, 21.1 to 22.0) for men and 32.7 years (95% CI, 31.4 to 34.0) for women. The life expectancy of patients who did or did not receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) was 37.0 years (95% CI, 36.2 to 37.8) and 15.5 years (95% CI, 15.1 to 15.9), respectively. The life expectancy of patients with or without tuberculosis (TB) was 21.6 years (95% CI, 20.4 to 22.9) and 36.5 years (95% CI, 35.7 to 37.4), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The life expectancy of Iranian HIV-positive patients was found to be very low. To improve their longevity, improvements in ART coverage and the control and treatment of TB are advised.
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  • Factors related to baseline CD4 cell counts in HIV/AIDS patients: comparison of poisson, generalized poisson and negative binomial regression models
    Maryam Farhadian, Younes Mohammadi, Mohammad Mirzaei, Nasrin Shirmohammadi-Khorram
    BMC Research Notes.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Experiences of patients with primary HIV diagnosis in Kermanshah-Iran regarding the nature of HIV/AIDS: A qualitative study
    Fatemeh Gh.Barkish, Rostam Jalali, Amir Jalali
    Heliyon.2019; 5(8): e02278.     CrossRef
Spatial inequalities and predictors of HIV/AIDS mortality risk in Hamadan, Iran: a retrospective cohort study
Somayeh Momenyan, Amir Kavousi, Jalal Poorolajal, Narges Momenyan
Epidemiol Health. 2018;40:e2018038.   Published online August 5, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2018038
  • 8,622 View
  • 203 Download
  • 4 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Understanding the geographic variation of HIV/AIDS mortality risk and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection could help identify high-burden areas. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of predictors of the time interval between HIV diagnosis to death, while accounting for spatial correlations across counties, and to assess patterns of spatial inequalities in the risk of HIV/AIDS mortality in Hamadan Province, Iran.
METHODS
This retrospective study was conducted on 585 patients. The outcome in this study was the time period between the date of HIV/AIDS diagnosis and the date of death. A Weibull regression model with spatial random effects was used.
RESULTS
According to multivariate analysis, there were significant associations between age, tuberculosis co-infection, and marital status and the risk of death. In terms of spatial inequalities, a cluster of counties was identified with a somewhat higher death hazard in the north, northwest, northeast, and central regions. Additionally, a cluster with a somewhat lower hazard was identified in the south, southwest, southeast, and west regions.
CONCLUSIONS
The spatial pattern of HIV/AIDS death risk could reflect inequalities in access to antiretroviral therapy and public health services. Our results underscore the importance of attention to vulnerable groups in urban areas.
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  • Análise da tendência da mortalidade por doenças definidoras e não definidoras de HIV/aids segundo características sociodemográficas, por Unidade da Federação e Brasil, 2000-2018
    Ana Paula da Cunha, Marly Marques da Cruz
    Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Spatial variability of mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus transmission in a province in the Brazilian Rainforest: An ecological study
    Marcus Matheus Quadros Santos, Bianca Alessandra Gomes do Carmo, Taymara Barbosa Rodrigues, Bruna Rafaela Leite Dias, Cleyton Abreu Martins, Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira, Andressa Tavares Parente, Cíntia Yollete Urbano Pauxis Aben-Atha, Sand
    Geospatial Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    McEwen Khundi, Peter MacPherson, Helena R. A. Feasey, Rebeca Nzawa Soko, Marriott Nliwasa, Elizabeth L. Corbett, James R. Carpenter
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    Geospatial Health.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
Using the capture-recapture method to estimate the human immunodeficiency virus-positive population
Jalal Poorolajal, Younes Mohammadi, Farzad Farzinara
Epidemiol Health. 2017;39:e2017042.   Published online October 10, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2017042
  • 10,734 View
  • 217 Download
  • 10 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The capture-recapture method was applied to estimate the number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals not registered with any data sources.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted in Lorestan Province, in the west of Iran, in 2016. Three incomplete sources of HIV-positive individuals, with partially overlapping data, were used, including: (a) transfusion center, (b) volunteer counseling and testing centers (VCTCs), and (c) prison. The 3-source capture-recapture method, using a log-linear model, was applied for data analysis. The Akaike information criterion and the Bayesian information criterion were used for model selection.
RESULTS
Of the 2,456 HIV-positive patients registered in these 3 data sources, 1,175 (47.8%) were identified in transfusion center, 867 (35.3%) in VCTCs, and 414 (16.8%) in prison. After the exclusion of duplicate entries, 2,281 HIV-positive patients remained. Based on the capture-recapture method, 14,868 (95% confidence interval, 9,923 to 23,427) HIV-positive individuals were not identified in any of the registries. Therefore, the real number of HIV-positive individuals was estimated to be 17,149, and the overall completeness of the 3 registries was estimated to be around 13.3%.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on capture-recapture estimates, a huge number of HIV-positive individuals are not registered with any of the provincial data sources. This is an urgent message for policymakers who plan and provide health care services for HIV-positive patients. Although the capture-recapture method is a useful statistical approach for estimating unknown populations, due to the assumptions and limitations of the method, the population size may be overestimated as it seems possible in our results.
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    Mina Jomezadeh, Fereshteh Zamani-Alavijeh, Forugh Aleebrahim, Maryam Nasirian, Kavitha Saravu
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    Goundappa K. Balasubramani, Mary Patricia Nowalk, Lloyd G. Clarke, Klancie Dauer, Fernanda Silveira, Donald B. Middleton, Mohamed Yassin, Richard K. Zimmerman
    Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses.2022; 16(2): 308.     CrossRef
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    Robert H Lyles, Yuzi Zhang, Lin Ge, Cameron England, Kevin Ward, Timothy L Lash, Lance A Waller
    Journal of Survey Statistics and Methodology.2022; 10(5): 1292.     CrossRef
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    Anne F McIntyre, Ian E Fellows, Steve Gutreuter, Wolfgang Hladik
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    Chalutwan Sansamur, Anuwat Wiratsudakul, Arisara Charoenpanyanet, Veerasak Punyapornwithaya
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Predictors of miscarriage: a matched case-control study
Jalal Poorolajal, Parvin Cheraghi, Zahra Cheraghi, Masoomeh Ghahramani, Amin Doosti Irani
Epidemiol Health. 2014;36:e2014031.   Published online November 20, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2014031
  • 17,637 View
  • 190 Download
  • 10 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The risk factors for miscarriage vary across communities and countries. This study was conducted to investigate the predictors of miscarriage in the west of Iran.
METHODS
This matched case-control study was conducted in Hamadan Province from April 2013 to March 2014. Cases were selected from women who had a recent spontaneous abortion and controls were selected from women who had a recent live birth. Two controls were selected for every case and matched for date of pregnancy and area of residence. Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis was performed and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.
RESULTS
Five hundred fifty cases were compared with 1,091 controls. The OR of miscarriage was 1.58 (95% CI=1.30-1.92) for every five-year increase in age, 0.20 (95% CI=0.14-0.28) for every live birth, and 3.43 (95% CI=2.03-5.79) for a history of previous spontaneous abortion. Compared to nulliparous women, primiparous or multiparous women had an OR of 17.85 (95% CI=6.65-47.91) for miscarriage. There was a strong association between miscarriage and abnormal amniotic status (OR, 2.46; 95% CI, 0.46-13.09) and also abnormal placenta status (OR, 10.44; 95% CI, 0.95-114.92); however, these associations were not statistically significant. No significant associations were observed between miscarriage and body mass index, previous history of stillbirth, low birth weight, congenital anomaly, ectopic pregnancy, impaired thyroid function, or high blood pressure.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study suggests that miscarriage is a multifactorial outcome associated with several modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors that may vary among different communities.
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Risk factors for maternal mortality in the west of Iran: a nested case-control study
Jalal Poorolajal, Behnaz Alafchi, Roya Najafi Vosoogh, Sahar Hamzeh, Masoomeh Ghahramani
Epidemiol Health. 2014;36:e2014028.   Published online November 8, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2014028
  • 13,942 View
  • 139 Download
  • 6 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
With a gradual decline in maternal mortality in recent years in Iran, this study was conducted to identify the remaining risk factors for maternal death.
METHODS
This 8-year nested case-control study was conducted in Hamadan Province, in the west of Iran, from April 2006 to March 2014. It included 185 women (37 cases and 148 controls). All maternal deaths that occurred during the study period were considered cases. For every case, four women with a live birth were selected as controls from the same area and date. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed and the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were obtained for each risk factor.
RESULTS
The majority of cases were aged 20-34 years, died in hospital, and lived in urban areas. The most common causes of death were bleeding, systemic disease, infection, and pre-eclampsia. The OR estimate of maternal death was 8.48 (95% CI=1.26-56.99) for advanced maternal age (≥35 years); 2.10 (95% CI=0.07-65.43) for underweight and 10.99 (95% CI=1.65-73.22) for overweight or obese women compared to those with normal weight; 1.56 (95% CI=1.08-2.25) for every unit increase in gravidity compared to those with one gravidity; 1.73 (95% CI=0.34-8.88) for preterm labors compared to term labors; and 17.54 (95% CI= 2.71-113.42) for women with systemic diseases.
CONCLUSIONS
According to our results, advanced maternal age, abnormal body mass index, multiple gravidity, preterm labor, and systemic disease were the main risk factors for maternal death. However, more evidence based on large cohort studies in different settings is required to confirm our results.
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    Mona Ghobadi, Tahereh Ziaee, Noshaz Mirhaghjo, Farzaneh Pazandeh, Ehsan Kazemnejad lili
    Journal of Health and Care.2018; 20(3): 215.     CrossRef
  • Predictors and measurement of satisfaction with postpartum care in a government hospital
    Simge Zeyneloğlu, Sezer Kısa, Hülya Özberk, Aysun Badem
    Nursing & Health Sciences.2017; 19(2): 198.     CrossRef
Predictors of tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection: a case-control study
Leila Molaeipoor, Jalal Poorolajal, Minoo Mohraz, Nader Esmailnasab
Epidemiol Health. 2014;36:e2014024.   Published online October 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2014024
  • 16,648 View
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  • 15 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection is a major global challenge. It is not clear why some HIV-positive people are co-infected with tuberculosis (TB) while others are not. This study addressed that question.
METHODS
This case-control study was conducted in Tehran, Iran in June 2004, enrolling 2,388 HIV-positive people. Cases were selected from those who were co-infected with TB and controls from those without TB. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between M. tuberculosis/HIV co-infection and several predictors. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.
RESULTS
In this study, 241 cases were compared with 2,147 controls. Sex, age, marital status, educational level, imprisonment, smoking, narcotic use, route of HIV transmission, previous TB infection, isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT), antiretroviral therapy (ART), and low CD4 count (<350 cells/mm3) were independently associated with M. tuberculosis/HIV co-infection (p<0.001). However, after adjusting for all other variables in the model, only the association between M. tuberculosis/HIV co-infection and the following predictors remained statistically significant: imprisonment (odds ratio [OR], 3.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.11-6.90), previous TB infection (OR, 5.54; 95% CI, 1.99-15.39), IPT (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.06-0.31), ART (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.26-2.61), and CD4 count <350 cells/mm3 (OR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.36-4.02).
CONCLUSIONS
Several predictors are associated with M. tuberculosis/HIV co-infection, but only a few indicators were significantly associated with M. tuberculosis/HIV co-infection. It is estimated that a number of predictors of M. tuberculosis/HIV co-infection remain unknown and require further investigation.
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  • The Occurrence of Tuberculosis Infection among Newly HIV Diagnosed Patient in Indonesia
    Rengga Rusfa Gumilang, Dwi Wahyu Indriati, Diyantoro Diyantoro, Aliyah Siti Sundari
    Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences.2022; 10(A): 893.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Isoniazid Prophylaxis Therapy on the Prevention of Tuberculosis Incidence and Associated Factors Among HIV Infected Individuals in Northwest Ethiopia: Retrospective Cohort Study
    Mulat Addis Beshaw, Shitaye Alemu Balcha, Ayenew Molla Lakew
    HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care.2021; Volume 13: 617.     CrossRef
  • EFFICIENCY OF TREATMENT OF THE FIRST DETECTED TUBERCULOSIS DEPENDING ON THE HIV STATUS IN THE TUBERCULOSIS INSTITUTION OF THE FEDERAL PENITENTIARY SERVICE
    V. S. Borovitsky
    HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders.2020; 12(1): 83.     CrossRef
  • Determinants of Active Tuberculosis Occurrences after ART Initiation among Adult HIV-Positive Clients in West Showa Zone Public Hospitals, Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study
    Gerbaba Guta Nugus, Mergitu Eliyas Irena
    Advances in Public Health.2020; 2020: 1.     CrossRef
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    Habtamu Belew, Moges Wubie, Getaye Tizazu, Abebaw Bitew, Tesfa Birlew
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Bayesian Spatial Survival Analysis of Duration to Cure among New Smear-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) Patients in Iran, during 2011–2018
    Eisa Nazar, Hossein Baghishani, Hassan Doosti, Vahid Ghavami, Ehsan Aryan, Mahshid Nasehi, Saeid Sharafi, Habibollah Esmaily, Jamshid Yazdani Charati
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 18(1): 54.     CrossRef
  • Correlation Between Clinical Manifestation and Radiological Findings In Pulmonary Tuberculosis-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection Patients In Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
    Putu Satyakumara Upadhana, Haikal Hamas Putra Iqra, I Gusti Agung Ayu Chintya Cahyarini, I Ketut Agus Somia, Pande Putu Yuli Anandasari
    Current HIV Research.2020; 18(6): 426.     CrossRef
  • THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS, COMBINED WITH HIV INFECTION IN THE TB FACILITY OF THE FEDERAL PENITENTIARY SERVICE, DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF DRUG RESISTANCE OF THE PATHOGEN
    V. S. Borovitsky
    HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders.2019; 11(3): 64.     CrossRef
  • Multistate recursively imputed survival trees for time-to-event data analysis: an application to AIDS and mortality post-HIV infection data
    Leili Tapak, Michael R. Kosorok, Majid Sadeghifar, Omid Hamidi
    BMC Medical Research Methodology.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Identifying risk factors for progression to AIDS and mortality post-HIV infection using illness-death multistate model
    Omid Hamidi, Leili Tapak, Jalal Poorolajal, Payam Amini
    Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health.2017; 5(4): 163.     CrossRef
  • Treatment outcome of new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Hamadan, Iran: A registry-based cross-sectional study
    Salman Khazaei, Jafar Hassanzadeh, Shahab Rezaeian, Ebrahim Ghaderi, Somayeh Khazaei, Abdollah Mohammadian Hafshejani, Hamid Salehiniya, Ali Zahiri
    Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis.2016; 65(4): 825.     CrossRef
  • Survival rate of AIDS disease and mortality in HIV-infected patients: a meta-analysis
    J. Poorolajal, E. Hooshmand, H. Mahjub, N. Esmailnasab, E. Jenabi
    Public Health.2016; 139: 3.     CrossRef
  • Predictors of Tuberculosis in HIV/AIDS Patients Referred to Behavioral Diseases Consultation Center: A Registry-Based Study in Abadan, Southwest of Iran
    Salman Khazaei, Leila Molaeipoor, Shahab Rezaeian, Erfan Ayubi, Mehran Yari, Ali Asghar Valipour, Somayeh Khazaei
    Shiraz E-Medical Journal.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Journal of the International AIDS Society.2016; 19(1): 20960.     CrossRef
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    Venkataramana Kandi
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Estimation of the Frequency of Intravenous Drug Users in Hamadan City, Iran, Using the Capture-recapture Method
Salman Khazaei, Jalal Poorolajal, Hossein Mahjub, Nader Esmailnasab, Mohammad Mirzaei
Epidemiol Health. 2012;34:e2012006.   Published online October 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2012006
  • 12,833 View
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  • 6 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES

The number of illicit drug users is prone to underestimation. This study aimed to use the capture-recapture method as a statistical procedure for measuring the prevalence of intravenous drug users (IDUs) by estimating the number of unknown IDUs not registered by any of the registry centers.

METHODS

This study was conducted in Hamadan City, the west of Iran, in 2012. Three incomplete data sources of IDUs, with partial overlapping data, were assessed including: (a) Volunteer Counseling and Testing Centers (VCTCs); (b) Drop in Centers (DICs); and (c) Outreach Teams (ORTs). A log-linear model was applied for the analysis of three-sample capture-recapture results. Two information criteria were used for model selection including Akaike's Information Criterion and the Bayesian Information Criterion.

RESULTS

Out of 1,478 IDUs registered by three centers, 48% were identified by VCTCs, 32% by DICs, and 20% by ORTs. After exclusion of duplicates, 1,369 IDUs remained. According to our findings, there were 9,964 (95% CI, 6,088 to 17,636) IDUs not identified by any of the centers. Hence, the real number of IDUs is expected to be 11,333. Based on these findings, the overall completeness of the three data sources was around 12% (95% CI, 7% to 18%).

CONCLUSION

There was a considerable number of IDUs not identified by any of the centers. Although the capture-recapture method is a useful and practical approach for estimating unknown populations, due to the assumptions and limitations of the method, the results must be interpreted with caution.
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  • The prevalence of opioid use disorder in Kentucky’s counties: A two-year multi-sample capture-recapture analysis
    Katherine Thompson, Joshua A. Barocas, Chris Delcher, Jungjun Bae, Lindsey Hammerslag, Jianing Wang, Redonna Chandler, Jennifer Villani, Sharon Walsh, Jeffery Talbert
    Drug and Alcohol Dependence.2023; 242: 109710.     CrossRef
  • Estimating the Population Size of Female Sex Worker Population in Tehran, Iran: Application of Direct Capture–Recapture Method
    Manoochehr Karami, Salman Khazaei, Jalal Poorolajal, Alireza Soltanian, Mansour Sajadipoor
    AIDS and Behavior.2017; 21(8): 2394.     CrossRef
  • Using the capture-recapture method to estimate the human immunodeficiency virus-positive population
    Jalal Poorolajal, Younes Mohammadi, Farzad Farzinara
    Epidemiology and Health.2017; 39: e2017042.     CrossRef
  • Estimation of perinatal mortality rate for institutional births in Rajasthan state, India, using capture-recapture technique
    P. K. Mony, B. Varghese, T. Thomas
    BMJ Open.2015; 5(3): e005966.     CrossRef
  • Estimating the size of the population of persons who inject drugs in the island of Montréal, Canada, using a six-source capture–recapture model
    Pascale Leclerc, Alain C. Vandal, Aïssatou Fall, Julie Bruneau, Élise Roy, Suzanne Brissette, Chris Archibald, Nelson Arruda, Carole Morissette
    Drug and Alcohol Dependence.2014; 142: 174.     CrossRef
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    Alessio Farcomeni, Daria Scacciatelli
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The Burden of Premature Mortality in Hamadan Province in 2006 and 2010 Using Standard Expected Years of Potential Life Lost: A Population-based Study
Jalal Poorolajal, Nader Esmailnasab, Jamal Ahmadzadeh, Tahereh Azizi Motlagh
Epidemiol Health. 2012;34:e2012005.   Published online August 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2012005
  • 13,109 View
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  • 9 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES

Examining the premature death rate represents the first step in estimating the overall burden of disease, reflecting a full picture of how different causes affect population health and providing a way of monitoring and evaluating population health. The present study was conducted to assess the burden of premature mortality in Hamadan Province, Iran in 2006 and 2010.

METHODS

To calculate years of potential life lost (YPLL), the dataset was categorized into 5-year age groups based on each person's age at death. Then the age groups were subtracted from the relevant age-based life table produced by the World Health Organization in 2009. The YPLL for each individual were then added together to yield the total YPLL for all individuals in the population who died in a particular year. Finally, we calculated the YPLL for all sex-, age-, and cause-specific mortality rates and reported them as percentages.

RESULTS

We analyzed 18,786 deaths, 9,127 of which occurred in 2006 and 9,659 in 2010. Mortality rates were higher in men than women for all age groups both in 2006 and 2010. In addition, age-specific mortality rates in both genders for all age groups were higher in 2010 than in 2006. The percentage of YPLL from ischemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, transport accidents, and intentional self-harm were among the greatest sources of premature death.

CONCLUSION

The results of the present survey indicate that the eight major causes of premature death in both 2006 and 2010 were non-communicable diseases, especially ischemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, transport accidents, and intentional self-harm. Furthermore, our findings indicate a change in the role of non-communicable diseases in premature mortality in recent years.
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  • Suicidal behaviors among intravenous drug users: a meta-analysis
    Bahram Armoon, Marie-Josée Fleury, Azadeh Bayani, Rasool Mohammadi, Elaheh Ahounbar, Mark D. Griffiths
    Journal of Substance Use.2022; : 1.     CrossRef
  • Diabetes in southern Iran: a 16-year follow-up of mortality and years of life lost
    Habibollah Azarbakhsh, Mohammad Hossein Sharifi, Jafar Hassanzadeh, Rebecca Susan Dewey, Maryam Janfada, Alireza Mirahmadizadeh
    International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence, sociodemographic variables, mental health condition, and type of drug use associated with suicide behaviors among people with substance use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Bahram Armoon, Neda SoleimanvandiAzar, Marie-Josée Fleury, Alireza Noroozi, Amir-Hossein Bayat, Rasool Mohammadi, Elahe Ahounbar, Ladan Fattah Moghaddam
    Journal of Addictive Diseases.2021; 39(4): 550.     CrossRef
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    Javad Aghazadeh-Attari, Rasool EntezarMahdi, Jamal Ahmadzadeh, Kazhal Mobaraki, Behnam Mansorian, Hasan Karimi, Shamsi Mirghaffarzadeh, Mahnaz Hajimohammadian, Iraj Mohebbi
    Crisis.2019; 40(6): 407.     CrossRef
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    Maryam Salamatbakhsh, Kazhal Mobaraki, Sara Sadeghimohammadi, Jamal Ahmadzadeh
    BMC Public Health.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Jalal Poorolajal, Tahereh Haghtalab, Mehran Farhadi, Nahid Darvishi
    Journal of Public Health.2016; 38(3): e282.     CrossRef
  • Smoking and Suicide: A Meta-Analysis
    Jalal Poorolajal, Nahid Darvishi, Osama Ali Abulseoud
    PLOS ONE.2016; 11(7): e0156348.     CrossRef
  • Alcohol-Related Risk of Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Attempt, and Completed Suicide: A Meta-Analysis
    Nahid Darvishi, Mehran Farhadi, Tahereh Haghtalab, Jalal Poorolajal, Martin Voracek
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  • ESTIMATION OF ECONOMIC LOSS DUE TO MORTALITY EXTERNAL CAUSES AS ELEMENT OF POPULATION VITAL ACTIVITY SAFETY IN ARKHANGELSK REGION
    Zh L Varakina, A M Vyazmin, A L Sannikov
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Evaluation of Acute Flaccid Paralysis in Hamadan, Iran from 2002 to 2009
Jalal Poorolajal, Shadi Ghasemi, Leila Nezamabadi Farahani, Atefeh Sadat Hosseini, Seyyed Jalal Bathaei, Ali Zahiri
Epidemiol Health. 2011;33:e2011011.   Published online November 16, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2011011
  • 13,381 View
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  • 8 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES

To achieve a polio-free certification in Iran, a nationwide active surveillance program for acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) was set up following World Health Organization guidelines. This article describes the results of an eight-year surveillance of AFP in Hamadan, in the west of Iran.

METHODS

A standard set of minimum core variables were collected. All cases of non-polio AFP in children aged <15 years old were reported. Two stool specimens were collected within 14 days of the onset of paralysis.

RESULTS

During the eight-year survey, 88 AFP cases aged <15 years old were reported. About 40% (35/88) of cases were aged ≤5 years, 56% (49/88) were boys, 19 (21.6%) had fever at the onset of paralysis, 74 (84.0%) had complete paralysis within four days of onset, and 22 (24.7%) had asymmetric paralysis. More than one AFP case was detected per 100,000 children aged <15 years old in all years. The risk of AFP in patients aged <5 years old was almost double that of older patients. Guillain-Barré Syndrome was the major leading cause of AFP (66/88). Adequate stool specimens were collected from 85% of AFP patients. All stool specimens were tested virologically, but no wild polioviruses were detected.

CONCLUSION

The active surveillance of non-polio AFP was efficient over the last eight years and exceeded 1.0 case per 100,000 children aged <15 years old. Nonetheless, there was a decreasing trend in the detection of AFP cases during the last two years and should be the focus of the policymakers' special attention, although AFP cases were still above the target level.
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    Parvin Cheraghi, Ahmad Delbari, Zahra Cheraghi, Akram Karimi-Shahanjarini, Nasibeh Zanjari
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    Khaled Abdullah Almoayed, Ali Bin Break, Mutahar Al-Qassimi, Ali Assabri, Yousef Khader
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    Laura Pellegrinelli, Laura Bubba, Valeria Primache, Elena Pariani, Andrea Battistone, Roberto Delogu, Stefano Fiore, Sandro Binda
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    Seyed Mansour Razavi, Masoud Mardani, Payman Salamati
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  • An epidemiological analysis of acute flaccid paralysis in Khuzestan Province, southwest Iran, from 2006 to 2010
    Ali Akbar Momen, Abdolhussein Shakurnia
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    Laura Pellegrinelli, Valeria Primache, Lucia Fiore, Concetta Amato, Stefano Fiore, Laura Bubba, Elena Pariani, Antonella Amendola, Maria Barbi, Sandro Binda
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    HyeJin Kim, Byounghak Kang, Seoyeon Hwang, Sang Won Lee, Doo-Sung Cheon, Kisang Kim, Yong-Seok Jeong, Ji-Yeon Hyeon
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    Bassey Enya Bassey, Vaz Gama Rui, Alex Ntale Gasasira, Mkanda Pascal, Goitom Weldegbriel, Ticha Johnson Mulum, Sylvester T. Maleghemi, Emem Abasi Bassey
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Brief Communication
Quality of Cohort Studies Reporting Post the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement
Jalal Poorolajal, Zahra Cheraghi, Amin Doosti Irani, Shahab Rezaeian
Epidemiol Health. 2011;33:e2011005.   Published online June 7, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2011005
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Abstract

The quality of reporting of cohort studies published in the most prestigious scientific medical journals was investigated to indicate to what extent the items in the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist are addressed. Six top scientific medical journals with high impact factor were selected including New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of the American Medical Association, Lancet, British Medical Journal, Archive of Internal Medicine, and Canadian Medical Association Journal. Ten cohort studies published in 2010 were selected randomly from each journal. The percentage of items in the STROBE checklist that were addressed in each study was investigated. The total percentage of items addressed by these studies was 69.3 (95% confidence interval: 59.6 to 79.0). We concluded that reporting of cohort studies published in the most prestigious scientific medical journals is not clear enough yet. The reporting of other types of observational studies such as case-control and cross-sectional studies particularly those being published in less prestigious journals expected to be much more imprecise.

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