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Original Articles
Association Between Earlobe Crease and the Metabolic Syndrome in a Cross-sectional Study
Eun Hee Kang, Hee Cheol Kang
Epidemiol Health. 2012;34:e2012004.   Published online August 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2012004
  • 19,984 View
  • 119 Download
  • 14 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
<sec><title>OBJECTIVES</title><p>Several studies found a significant association between earlobe crease (ELC) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a group of high-risk factors that are a collection of cardiovascular risk factors. Scant data are available about the relationship between ELC and MS. The purpose of the current study was to examine the correlation between ELC and MS.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS</title><p>A cross-sectional study was performed on 3,835 subjects (1,672 females, 43.6%) aged 20 to 79 years who visited a health promotion center. To increase the reliability of the diagnosis of MS, both the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria were applied. Independent association between ELC and MS was assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis after adjusting for confounding variables.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>The frequency of ELC was 20.89% and the prevalence of MS was 11.03% (NCEP criteria) and 9.75% (IDF criteria). The prevalence of both ELC and MS significantly increased with age. The modified Framingham risk score was significantly higher in subjects with ELC than without. After adjusting for conventional risk factors for CVD, the risk of MS increased significantly in the presence of ELC.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>The current study showed that the odds ratio for MS increased in the presence of ELC in Korean adults. ELC is an auxiliary indicator of MS, although prognostic value might be limited. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the clinical significance of ELC.</p></sec>
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Frank's Sign and Cardiovascular Risk: An Observational Descriptive Study
    Lucía Fernández Ascariz, Berta Rivas Mundiña, Eliane García Mato, Jacobo Limeres Posse, Manuela Alonso Sampedro, Arturo González Quintela, Francisco Gude Sampedro, Pedro Diz Dios
    The American Journal of Medicine.2024; 137(1): 47.     CrossRef
  • Detection of Frank's sign in the dental setting: A population‐based cohort study
    Berta Rivas‐Mundiña, Lucía Fernández‐Ascariz, Eliane García‐Mato, Marcio Diniz‐Freitas, Francisco Gude‐Sampedro, Maite Abeleira‐Pazos
    Special Care in Dentistry.2024; 44(4): 1211.     CrossRef
  • Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors Associated with Diagonal Earlobe Crease (Frank Sign) in Mexican Adults: Aging, Obesity, Arterial Hypertension, and Being Male Are the Most Important
    Rogelio Molina-Gallardo, Nomely S. Aurelien-Cabezas, Daniel Tiburcio-Jimenez, Jorge E. Plata-Florenzano, Jose Guzman-Esquivel, Iram P. Rodriguez-Sanchez, Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro, Roque Molina-Osorio, Adrian A. De-la-Madrid-Cernas, Jorge Armando Barri
    International Journal of Hypertension.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Relationship between the Presence of an Earlobe Crease and Overactive Bladder: A Cross-Sectional Case-Controlled Study
    Yasufumi Ueda, Tomohiro Matsuo, Ken Kawada, Hidenori Ito, Kensuke Mitsunari, Kojiro Ohba, Ryoichi Imamura
    Medicina.2023; 59(3): 476.     CrossRef
  • The prognostic value of deep earlobe creases in patients with acute ischemic stroke
    Jiaping Xu, Lixuan Wang, Chunqing Zhang, Jiayun Wang, Danni Zheng, Yaqian Huang, Xia Zhang, Shoujiang You, Yongjun Cao, Chun-Feng Liu
    Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Association between Earlobe Creases and Cardiovascular Events in Japanese Hemodialysis Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study
    Minako Wakasugi, Masaaki Nagai, Saori Yokota, Kentaro Omori, Hirokazu Fujikawa, Ikuo Aoike, Tsukasa Omori, Junichiro James Kazama, Ichiei Narita
    Internal Medicine.2020; 59(7): 927.     CrossRef
  • Morphological overview of cardiovascular comorbidities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Frank's sign
    Nalan Ogan, Ersin Gunay, Berkay Ekici, Ayse Baha, Esen Sayin Gulensoy, E. Eylem Akpinar, Aycan Yuksel
    Heart & Lung.2020; 49(3): 331.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and clinical characteristics of earlobe crease in systemic sclerosis: Possible association with vascular dysfunction
    Akiko Sekiguchi, Yuta Inoue, Sahori Yamazaki, Akihiko Uchiyama, Osamu Ishikawa, Shiko Kuribayashi, Toshio Uraoka, Kenichiro Hara, Kouichi Yamaguchi, Toshitaka Maeno, Mitsuo Uchida, Hiroshi Koyama, Sei‐Ichiro Motegi
    The Journal of Dermatology.2020; 47(8): 870.     CrossRef
  • Association Between the Frank Sign and Cardiovascular Events
    Saleh Nazzal, Arnon Blum
    Southern Medical Journal.2018; 111(8): 504.     CrossRef
  • Reevaluation of the earlobe types in Koreans
    K.E. Kim, W.J. Song, D.K. Kim
    HOMO.2018; 69(6): 377.     CrossRef
  • Diagonal Earlobe Crease is a Visible Sign for Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Amyloid-β
    Jin San Lee, Seongbeom Park, Hee Jin Kim, Yeshin Kim, Hyemin Jang, Ko Woon Kim, Hak Young Rhee, Sung Sang Yoon, Kyoung Jin Hwang, Key-Chung Park, Seung Hwan Moon, Sung Tae Kim, Samuel N. Lockhart, Duk L. Na, Sang Won Seo
    Scientific Reports.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Visible aging signs as risk markers for ischemic heart disease: Epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical implications
    Mette Christoffersen, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen
    Ageing Research Reviews.2016; 25: 24.     CrossRef
  • Did Dumbo suffer a heart attack? independent association between earlobe crease and cardiovascular disease
    Marta Aligisakis, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Idris Guessous, Peter Vollenweider
    BMC Cardiovascular Disorders.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Earlobe Crease Shapes and Cardiovascular Events
    Claudia Rodríguez-López, Hugo Garlito-Díaz, Raquel Madroñero-Mariscal, Pablo Jesús Sánchez-Cervilla, Auxiliadora Graciani, José Luis López-Sendón, Esteban López-de-Sá
    The American Journal of Cardiology.2015; 116(2): 286.     CrossRef
Validity of Stature-predicted Equations using Knee Height for Elderly and Mobility Impaired Persons in Koreans
In Cheol Hwang, Kyoung Kon Kim, Hee Cheol Kang, Dae Ryong Kang
Epidemiol Health. 2009;31:e2009004.   Published online October 12, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2009004
  • 19,445 View
  • 163 Download
  • 9 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
<sec><title>OBJECTIVES</title><p>This study aimed to establish a stature-predicted equation using knee height, and perform a clinical validation on a Korean population.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS</title><p>Using nationwide data obtained from 'Size Korea 2004', a stature-predicted equation was drawn and cross validation was performed using knee height in 5,063 subjects (2,532 males, 1,785 premenopausal females, and 746 postmenopausal females) who were aged between 20 and 69 yr. The formula was then applied to an elderly group (7 males and 26 females) and a mobility-impaired group (25 males and 14 females) in a real clinical setting. A stature-predicted equation was estimated using knee height and age based on multiple linear regression analysis. Cross validation was performed using paired t-test, and validation using clinical data was performed using Wilcoxon signed rank test.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>In three groups (males, premenopausal females, and postmenopausal females), a cross validation was performed for a stature-predicted equation which was drawn using knee height and age. There were no significant differences between recorded height and estimated height in the elderly group (mean difference±interquartile range (IQR): male 0.65±4.65 cm, female -0.10±3.65 cm) and the mobility-impaired group (mean difference±IQR: male -0.23±5.45 cm, female 1.64±5.36 cm).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>If several limitations could be overcome, the Korean-specific equations using knee height drawn from this study could be applied to actual clinical settings with Korean elderly or mobility-impaired people.</p></sec>
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Anthropometric Equations to Determine Maximum Height in Adults ≥ 60 Years: A Systematic Review
    Arnulfo Ramos-Jiménez, Rosa P. Hernández-Torres, Isaac A. Chávez-Guevara, José A. Alvarez-Sanchez, Marco A. García-Villalvazo, Miguel Murguía-Romero
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(9): 5072.     CrossRef
  • Height Prediction Using the Knee Height Measurement Among Indonesian Children
    Fernando Rumapea, Eddy Fadlyana, Meita Dhamayanti, Rodman Tarigan, Rahmayani Rahmayani, Kusnandi Rusmil
    Food and Nutrition Bulletin.2021; 42(2): 247.     CrossRef
  • A Knee Height Equation for Estimating Height of Vietnamese Adults
    Tu Huu Nguyen, Yen Ngoc Ma, Linh Thuy Nguyen
    Nutrition Today.2021; 56(6): 306.     CrossRef
  • Bayes factor: A useful tool to quantitatively evaluate and compare performance of multiple stature estimation equations
    Yangseung Jeong, Ashlin P. Harris, Omar Ali, Yochun Jung
    Forensic Science International.2020; 312: 110299.     CrossRef
  • Estimating the height of elderly nursing home residents: Which equation to use?
    Marcos Felipe Silva de Lima, Larissa Praça de Oliveira, Natália Louise de Araújo Cabral, Laura Camila Pereira Liberalino, Ursula Viana Bagni, Kenio Costa de Lima, Clélia de Oliveira Lyra, Gary Liguori
    PLOS ONE.2018; 13(10): e0205642.     CrossRef
  • Accuracy of height estimation and tidal volume setting using anthropometric formulas in an ICU Caucasian population
    Erwan L’her, Jérôme Martin-Babau, François Lellouche
    Annals of Intensive Care.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Enteral nutritional intake in adult korean intensivecare patients
    Hyunjung Kim, Nancy A. Stotts, Erika S. Froelicher, Marguerite M. Engler, Carol Porter
    American Journal of Critical Care.2013; 22(2): 126.     CrossRef
  • Adequacy of early enteral nutrition in adult patients in the intensive care unit
    Hyunjung Kim, Nancy A Stotts, Erika S Froelicher, Marguerite M Engler, Carol Porter, Heejeong Kwak
    Journal of Clinical Nursing.2012; 21(19pt20): 2860.     CrossRef
  • The estimation of body height from ulna length in healthy adults from different ethnic groups
    A. M. Madden, T. Tsikoura, D. J. Stott
    Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics.2012; 25(2): 121.     CrossRef
Relationship Between Earlobe Crease and Brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in Non-hypertensive, Non-diabetic Adults in Korea
Sang In Choi, Hee Cheol Kang, Choon Ok Kim, Seung Beom Lee, Won Ju Hwang, Dae Ryong Kang
Epidemiol Health. 2009;31:e2009002.   Published online October 12, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2009002
  • 19,151 View
  • 96 Download
  • 12 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
<sec><title>OBJECTIVES</title><p>Several studies have found a significant association between the presence of earlobe crease (ELC) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity (baPWV) is a non-invasive and useful measure of arterial stiffness predicting cardiovascular events and mortality. However, few studies have reported the relationship between ELC and baPWV as a new measure of arterial stiffness. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ELC is related to baPWV in non-diabetic, non-hypertensive, and apparently healthy Korean adults.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS</title><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 573 non-hypertensive, non-diabetic Korean adults aged 20-80 yr. Subjects were stratified into three groups according to gender and menopausal status. baPWV was measured by an automatic waveform analyser. The association between ELC and baPWV was assessed by multiple linear regression analysis after adjusting for conventional cardiovascular disease risk factors including age, gender, blood pressure, lipid profile, and smoking status etc.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>The overall frequency of ELC was 19.02% and the subjects with ELC showed significantly higher mean baPWV (p<0.0001). Multiple linear regression of subjects revealed that the presence of ELC was independently associated with baPWV (male, p<0.0001; premenopausal female p=0.0162; postmenopausal female p=0.0208).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>ELC had a significant correlation with baPWV, independently controlling for other classical cardiovascular risk factors in adults aged 20 yr or older. ELC is an important surrogate marker of increased arterial stiffness as measured by baPWV in Korean adults.</p></sec>
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Diagonal earlobe crease and long-term survival after myocardial infarction
    Christian Thilo, Christine Meisinger, Margit Heier, Wolfgang von Scheidt, Inge Kirchberger
    BMC Cardiovascular Disorders.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association between serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels and leukoaraiosis in middle-aged and older adults: A cross-sectional study
    Da-Hye Son, Hye Sun Lee, Yong-Jae Lee
    Atherosclerosis.2020; 292: 188.     CrossRef
  • Association Between the Frank Sign and Cardiovascular Events
    Saleh Nazzal, Arnon Blum
    Southern Medical Journal.2018; 111(8): 504.     CrossRef
  • Reevaluation of the earlobe types in Koreans
    K.E. Kim, W.J. Song, D.K. Kim
    HOMO.2018; 69(6): 377.     CrossRef
  • The role of diagonal earlobe as evidence of coronary artery disease in a Salahiddin province- Iraqi population
    Omar Raheem Khalaf AL-Obaidi, Rasha Abduladheem Yaseen
    IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering.2018; 454: 012120.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of Earlobe Creases and Their Association With History of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Cross‐Sectional Study
    Minako Wakasugi, Junichiro James Kazama, Kazuko Kawamura, Suguru Yamamoto, Masaaki Nagai, Kentaro Omori, Saori Yokota, Hirokazu Fujikawa, Ikuo Aoike, Tsukasa Omori, Ichiei Narita
    Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis.2017; 21(5): 478.     CrossRef
  • Diagonal Earlobe Crease is a Visible Sign for Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Amyloid-β
    Jin San Lee, Seongbeom Park, Hee Jin Kim, Yeshin Kim, Hyemin Jang, Ko Woon Kim, Hak Young Rhee, Sung Sang Yoon, Kyoung Jin Hwang, Key-Chung Park, Seung Hwan Moon, Sung Tae Kim, Samuel N. Lockhart, Duk L. Na, Sang Won Seo
    Scientific Reports.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Visible aging signs as risk markers for ischemic heart disease: Epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical implications
    Mette Christoffersen, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen
    Ageing Research Reviews.2016; 25: 24.     CrossRef
  • Diagonal earlobe crease and coronary artery disease in a Chinese population
    Xing-li Wu, Ding-you Yang, Yu-sheng Zhao, Wen-hui Chai, Ming-lei Jin
    BMC Cardiovascular Disorders.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Earlobe Crease May Provide Predictive Information on Asymptomatic Peripheral Arterial Disease in Patients Clinically Free of Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease
    Levent Korkmaz, Mustafa Tarık Ağaç, Zeydin Acar, Hakan Erkan, Ismail Gurbak, Ibrahim Halil Kurt, Huseyin Bektas, Erdinc Pelit, Ayca Ata Korkmaz, Şükrü Çelik
    Angiology.2014; 65(4): 303.     CrossRef
  • Association Between Earlobe Crease and the Metabolic Syndrome in a Cross-sectional Study
    Eun Hee Kang, Hee Cheol Kang
    Epidemiology and Health.2012; 34: e2012004.     CrossRef
  • Diagonal Ear Lobe Crease and Coronary Artery Disease
    Damir Fabijanić, Viktor Čulić
    The American Journal of Cardiology.2012; 110(9): 1385.     CrossRef
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