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H Y Paik 2 Articles
Using Mining Association Rules for the Dietary Assessment of Adults in Rural Area.
J E Shim, H Y Paik, W S Shin, K C Kim
Korean J Epidemiol. 1997;19(2):220-230.
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Abstract
This study was performed to find out a nutrient which could be used as an index for a quick and easy dietary assessment using mining association rules, the automated and intelligent database analysis. A Dietary survey with 24 hour recall method was conducted to 2037 adults over 30 years of age in rural area of Korea. Daily nutrient intake as the percent of the Recommended Daily Allowances(RDA) was applied to the association rules and nutrient intake over 75% of RDA was considered enough intake. Association rules in nutrient database show relation-ships among nutrients, and they are statements as this form, "50% of person that take protein under 60% of RDA also take calcium." Applying these rules between nutrients over 75% of RDA with 25% level of minimum support, we found that protein, phosphorus, niacin had 7 association rules and association rules of protein had higher level of confidence than the others. Applying between nutrients below 60% of RDA, calcium and vitamin A had the highest number of association rules, however, the levels of confidence were low. Protein had 5 association rules, 2nd higher number, and the levels of confidence were higher than others. From these results protein indicated nutrient intake patterns better than energy did, which is generally used as a representative nutrient. This results could be used in the dietary assessment and nutrition education of korean adults in rural area.
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Dietary Factors Related to the Chronic Diseases Assessed by Semiquantitaive Food Frequency Questionnaire in Korean Adults Living in Rural Area.
J E Shim, J Y Ryu, H Y Paik, C S Shin, H K Lee, Y S Park
Korean J Epidemiol. 1997;19(1):42-57.
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Abstract
This study was conducted to assess dietary intake of adults in rural ares and to determine the dietary factors associated with the development of chronic diseases. A cross sectional dietary survey using semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire was conducted together with a health survey including health questionnaire, physical examination and glucose tolerance test. Mean dairy energy intake of subjects was 1872.5kcal and mean percent of RDA for energy intake was 88.4%. Nutrients of average intake below 75% of RDA were vitamine A, vitamin B2, calcium. Older subjects tend to have lower nutrient intake. Intakes of most nutrients and proportion of energy from alcohol were signifi-cantly higher in men than in woman. Newly diagnosed diabetic patients and hypertensives had higher age, BMI, blood pressure, fasting serum glucose levels and serum lipid levels compared with subjects without the diseases, respectively. After adjusted for age and sex, newly-diagnosed hypertencives had more intakes of charbohydrate and niacin, and higher proportion of energy from fat. The odds ratio(OR) for hypertension in higher quartile of subjects compared with subjects in the lowest quartile of intake increased significantly for energy, fat,protein, carbohydrate, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and niacin after adjusted for age and sex. Also, compared with subjects consumed nutrients in 75-125% of RDA, the OR for hypertension in subjects with intake levels above 125% of RDA were 0.75 for energy, 1.69 for calcium and 0.68 for niacin, and those in below 75% of RDA were 1.33 for energy 1.42 for calcium, 1.23 for vitamin B1, 1.41 for vitamin B2. These inverse associations suggest that the development of hypertension in rural area of Korea is partialey attributed to the intake of several nutrients, generally of undernu-trition. Therefore these results suggests that dietary factors related to chronic diseases in Korea are different from those in the Western society.
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