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HOME > Epidemiol Health > Volume 37; 2015 > Article
Letter to the Editor
 Predictors of human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis co-infection
Venkataramana Kandi
Epidemiol Health 2015;37:e2015007.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2015007
Published online: February 16, 2015

Department of Microbiology, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar, India

Correspondence: Venkataramana Kandi  Department of Microbiology, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagunur, Karimnagar 505 417, India  Tel: +91-8728222779, Fax: +91-8728222779 E-mail: ramana_20021@rediffmail.com
• Received: January 9, 2015   • Accepted: February 16, 2015

©2015, Korean Society of Epidemiology

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Dear Editor:
The original paper by Molaeipoor et al. [1] has come at just the right time. While the availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has come as a boon for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected population and is instrumental in prolonging life and improving its quality, the co-morbidities associated with HIV remain as a cause for concern. A previous study has noted that HIV-seropositive patients have significantly higher chances of developing other infections like tuberculosis (TB) [2]. The HIV disease course is influenced by the presence of co-morbidities that include infectious diseases like TB, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and other infectious and non-infectious conditions including malignancies [3,4]. A recent study has also observed that the disease burden in HIV patients is significantly related to illicit drug use [5]. It must be noted that identification of various co-morbidities and their underlying causes prior to initiation of HAART is necessary to minimise related additional complications and resultant morbidity and mortality. The results of Molaeipoor et al. [1] indicating that overcrowding (e.g., in jails), adverse effects of HAART, prior latent TB infection, TCD4+ counts lower than 350 cells/mm3, and prophylactic therapy against other infections were more instrumental in predisposing HIV-seropositive patients to TB than was drug abuse are very significant findings. These results further suggest that future research should concentrate on nutritional issues (e.g., malnutrition) in the HIV-infected population, which may include vitamin and mineral deficiencies.

The author has no conflicts of interest to declare for this study.

  • 1. Molaeipoor L, Poorolajal J, Mohraz M, Esmailnasab N. Predictors of tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection: a case-control study. Epidemiol Health 2014;36:e2014024.ArticlePubMedPMC
  • 2. Pevzner ES, Robison S, Donovan J, Allis D, Spitters C, Friedman R, et al. Tuberculosis transmission and use of methamphetamines in Snohomish County, WA, 1991-2006. Am J Public Health 2010;100:2481-2486.ArticlePubMedPMC
  • 3. Ramana KV, Mohanty SK. Opportunistic intestinal parasites and TCD4+ cell counts in human immunodeficiency virus seropositive patients. J Med Microbiol 2009;58:1664-1666.ArticlePubMed
  • 4. Ramana KV, Rao R. Noninfectious complications in HIV disease: need for rational changes in HIV disease management in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era. Ann Trop Med Public Health 2013;6:383-385.Article
  • 5. Degenhardt L, Whiteford HA, Ferrari AJ, Baxter AJ, Charlson FJ, Hall WD, et al. Global burden of disease attributable to illicit drug use and dependence: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2013;382:1564-1574.ArticlePubMed

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